Abstract: This invention relates to lubricating compositions containing hydroxyalkane phosphonic acids and derivatives thereof. More specifically, this invention relates to hydroxylakane phosphonic acids which can be reacted to form salts with basic materials, including overbased detergents, dispersants and amines. These materials can be particularly useful in lubricating compositions.The hydroxyalkane phosphonic acid is represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X is oxygen, sulfur or a secondary amino group, n is an integer from 1 to 8, Y is hydrogen or a phosphonic acid group and R is an alkyl group having from 1 to about 100 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A number of functional characteristics of a gear lubricant are improved by including within the lubricant an additive package comprised of (a) a treated zinc dithiophosphate and (b) an overbased carboxylate which is preferably borated. The additive preferably includes (c) an alkylamine, (d) a sulfurized olefin and (e) a polymeric foam inhibitor. The components of the package provide an interdependent synergistic improvement of numerous performance characteristics of the gear lubricant such as reducing copper strip corrosion, increasing thermal stability and reducing the amount of rust, and odor. The limited slip or anti-chatter performance of the oil is also improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved flotation composition comprising a mixture of (A) at least one metal salt of a phosphorus acid represented by the Formula: ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1 is independently a hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy of hydrocarbylthio group having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, each X is independently oxygen or sulfur, and the lowest oxidation state of the metal is plus two, and (B) at least one dithiocarbamate represented by the formula: ##STR2## wherein each R.sub.2 is independently hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, or R.sub.2 taken together with R.sub.3 and the nitrogen atom form a five, six or seven member heterocyclic group; each R.sub.3 is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, or R.sub.3 taken together with R.sub.2 and the nitrogen atom form a five, six or seven member heterocyclic group; and R.sub.4 is a hydrocarbylene group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention is directed to novel compositions comprising (A) certain sulfur compounds, and (B) at least one carboxylic detergent composition. The compositions of the invention are useful as additives in lubricants and functional fluids, fuels and aqueous systems. Lubricating, fuel and functional fluid compositions containing the derivatives of the invention exhibit improved antioxidant, anti-wear, thermal stability and/or extreme-pressure properties.The compositions of the invention comprise the combination of(A) at least one sulfur compound characterized by the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, G.sup.1 and G.sup.

Abstract: Emulsifiers are disclosed which comprise the reaction product of component (I) with component (II). Component (I) comprises the reaction product of certain carboxylic acids or anhydrides, or ester or amide derivatives thereof, with ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali and/or at least one alkaline-earth metal. Component (II) comprises certain phosphorus-containing acids; or metal salts of said phosphorus-containing acids, the metal being selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, chromium, manganese, iron, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, tin, lead, and mixtures of two or more thereof. These emulsifiers are useful in water-in-oil explosive emulsions.

Abstract: An ester of a carboxy-containing interpolymer is disclosed, said interpolymer having an RSV of from about 0.05 to about 2. The esterified polymer will include at least an ester group (A) which is a carboxylic ester group having at least about 8 aliphatic carbon atoms in the ester group with the proviso that if the ester group (A) contains less than 28 carbon atoms, the interpolymer ester will include an ester group which is a carboxylic ester group having an ester group of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group of about 1 to about 50 carbon atoms, R' is a hydrocarbyl group of about 1 to about 50 carbon atoms, y is a number in the range of zero to about 50 and z is a number in the range of zero to about 50 with the proviso that both y and z cannot be zero. The interpolymer may include an ester group (C) which is a carboxylic ester group having no more than 7 aliphatic carbon atoms in the ester group.

Abstract: Lubricating compositions containing up to about 0.015% by weight of phosphorus. These compositions comprise oil, metal salts of phosphorus-containing acids having at least one secondary hydrocarbon substituent, a boron-containing acylated nitrogen-containing compound and optionally an acylated nitrogen-containing compound and/or a zinc salt of a carboxylic acid. The lubricating oil compositions are useful in various application including engine oils, power transmission fluids, including automatic transmission fluids, functional fluids and the like.

Abstract: Overbased salt compositions are formed by reacting a hydreocarbyl substituted sulfonic acid or salt thereof with a basic neutralizing agent, in the presence of a hydroxy sulfonic acid or salt thereof. The overbased salt composition is preferably overbased by casrbonating via CO.sub.2 bubbling. Mixed overbased salts and compositions containing the mixed salts are disclosed as well as lubricating compositions containing such salts. The lubricating compositions have particularly good clarity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition prepared by reacting(a) at least one reaction product of a hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride having a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 8 to about 150 carbon atoms and at least one polyamine wherein the reaction product has at least one NH group capable of addition to a double bond; with(b) at least one sulfo compound represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1 is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group;a is zero or one;Q is a hydrocarbylene group or --C(X)N(R.sub.2)Q'--;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group;X is sulfur or oxygen;each Q' is a hydrocarbylene group; andZ is --S(O)OH, or --S(O).sub.2 OH or an ester, a metal salt or an ammonium salt of the sulfo compound.The invention also relates to polymer fabrics treated with the compositions of the present invention. The treated polymer fabrics have improved wicking/wetting characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved process for beneficiating an ore-containing sulfide material. In particular, the process is useful for beneficiating ores and recovering metals such as gold, copper, lead, molybdenum, zinc, etc., from the ores. In one embodiment, the process comprises the steps of:(1) forming a slurry comprising at least one crushed mineral-containing ore, water and a collector which is a mixture of (A) at least one metal salt of a phosphorus acid represented by the Formula: ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1 is independently a hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy or hydrocarbylthio group having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, each X is independently oxygen or sulfur, and the lowest oxidation state of the metal is plus two, and (B) at least one thio compound comprising (i) at least one dithiocarbamate represented by the formula: ##STR2## wherein each R.sub.2 is independently hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, or R.sub.2 taken together with R.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising:(A) a major amount of a fluorine-containing hydrocarbon containing one or two carbon atoms; and(B) a minor amount of at least one soluble boron-containing composition prepared by reacting a boron source with a monohydroxy alcohol, an alkylene glycol, a polyoxyalkylene glycol, hydrocarbyloxyalkylene glycol, a hydrocarbylcarbonyl polyoxyalkylene glycol, a hydroxy amine, or mixtures of two or more thereof, provided that the boron-containing composition is substantially free of hydroxyl groups.The present invention provides compositions which are useful in refrigerators or air conditioners including auto, home and industrial air conditioners. The invention provides boron-containing compositions which are compatible with fluorine-containing hydrocarbons used in refrigerators and air conditioners.

Abstract: Dioxolanes, thio analogs thereof, and derivatives of these and methods of preparation are described. These materials are useful as additives in lubricants and fuels. Methods for reducing fuel consumption in internal combustion engines employing the lubricating compositions are described.

Abstract: The present invention deals with a particular antiemulsion agent which is useful in retarding foam and/or emulsion formation in an engine. In particular, the agent is effective at preventing or retarding emulsion of foaming in an engine oil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved process for beneficiating an ore-containing sulfide material. In particular, the process is useful for beneficiating ores and recovering metals such as gold, copper, lead, molybedenum, zinc, etc., from the ores. In one embodiment, the process comprises the steps of:(1) forming a slurry comprising at least one crushed mineral-containing ore, water and a collector which is at least one metal salt of a phosphorus acid represented by the Formula: ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1 is independently a hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy or hydrocarbylthio group having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, each X is independently oxygen or sulfur, and wherein the metal is i) at least one single metal having a lowest oxidation state of plus two or ii) at least one mixture of metals wherein at least one of the metals has a lowest oxidation state of plus two, provided that when the primary mineral is copper, zinc or silver, the metal (i) is other than zinc.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition prepared by reacting(a) at least one reaction product of a hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride having a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 8 to about 150 carbon atoms and at least one polyamine wherein the reaction product has at least one NH group capable of addition to a double bond; with(b) at least one sulfo compound represented by the following formula; ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1 is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group a is zero or one;Q is a hydrocarbylene group or --C(X)N(R.sub.2)Q'--;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group;X is sulfur or oxygen;Q' is a hydrocarbylene group; andZ is --S(O)OH, or --S(O).sub.2 OH or an ester, a metal salt or an ammonium salt of the sulfo compound.The invention also relates to polymer fabrics treated with the compositions of the present invention. The treated polymer fabrics have improved wicking/wetting characteristics.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition prepared by reacting, in the presence of a redox initiator and a mineral acid,(a) at least one hydroxyl-containing imide, amide or mixtures thereof of a hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride having a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 8 to about 150 carbon atoms and a hydroxy amine; with(b) at least one sulfo compound represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1 is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group; a is zero or one;Q is a hydrocarbylene group or --C(X)N(R.sub.2)Q'--;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group;X is sulfur or oxygen;Q' is a hydrocarbylene group; andZ is --S(O)OH, or --S(O).sub.2 OH or an ester, a metal salt or an ammonium salt of the sulfo compound.The invention also relates to polymer fabrics treated with the compositions of the present invention. The treated polymer fabrics have improved wicking/wetting characteristics.

Abstract: A multipurpose functional fluid is disclosed which is comprised of a major amount of a hydrocarbon oil and a minor amount, sufficient to improve characteristics of the fluid of a novel additive. The additive is comprised of a calcium salt complex, a group II metal dithiophosphate salt, a borated epoxide and a carboxylic solubilizer. The calcium salt is preferably in the form of an overbased calcium sulfonate salt, the antiwear agent is preferably in the form of a zinc dithiophosphate salt, the borated epoxide is preferably the reaction product of boric acid and a 16 carbon 1,2 epoxide and the carboxylic solubilizer is preferably in the form of a reaction product of an acylating agent containing a substituted hydrocarbyl-based substituent containing about 12 to 500 carbon atoms. Other components such as viscosity improvers and antifoaming agent are generally present in the fluid.

Abstract: This invention relates to lubricating compositions containing hydroxyalkane phosphonic acids and derivatives thereof.Hydroxyalkane phosponic acids in the present invention can be reacted to form salts with basic materials, including detergents, dispersants and amines. These materials can be particularly useful in lubricating compositions to improve anti-wear and extreme pressure properties of lubricating formulations.The hydroxyalkane phosphonic acid is represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein Y is a phosphonic acid group or hydrogen, and R is alkyl from 1 to about 100 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Improved additives/dispersants for lubricant and fuel compositions are obtained by condensing a hydroxyalkyl or hydroxyaryl compound with an amine compound. The condensates according to the present invention are produced by the acid catalyzed condensation of the amine reactant with the hydroxy reactant.

Abstract: A method of analysis of and an apparatus for analysing a sample comprising the steps of: (A) examining at least one characteristic of a sample as a function of a variable parameter to obtain data, (B) normalizing the data with respect to a model, (C) making a comparison of the normalized data with reference data, and (D) determining from the comparison the quality of the sample. As a function of such determination of quality, control functions may be carried out with respect to a sample that was analyzed, such as a blend sample in a chemical processing plant.