Abstract: A signal processing method in autoradiography for determining base sequence of DNA or DNA fragment, employing groups of base-specific synthetic products which are complementary to the DNA or DNA fragment and a labeled with a radioactive element, said groups being resolved one-dimensionally in parallel relation to each other to form resolved rows on a support medium,which comprises a process including:(1) determining on each of the resolved rows a scanning line for signal processing;(2) detecting on each of the resolved rows sampling points on said scanning line; and(3) comparing and identifying the positions of said sampling points on the scanning lines among the resolved rows to obtain locational information on guanine, ademine, thymine and cytosine;said process being applied to digital signals corresponding to an autoradiograph having the locational information on the radioactively labeled synthetic products, said digital signals being obtained by the use of a stimulable phosphor sheet or by the use of a ra

Abstract: A method of making a diamond or diamond-like carbon containing 0.01-1.0 weight percent nitrogen on a substrate where an electromagnetic energy is applied to a productive gas comprising carbon and an additive gas comprising nitrogen and the above carbon product is deposited on a substrate.

Abstract: A signal processing method in autoradiography employing a radiosensitive material for the purpose of obtaining information on one dimensional location of radioactively labeled substances distributed in at least one dimensional direction on a support medium, in the form of symbol, numeral or combination thereof, comprising the steps of obtaining a digital signal corresponding to the autoradiograph on a radiosensitive material, by exposing said radiosensitive material to radiation emitted by said radioactively labeled substances on the support medium determining one dimensional scanning line relative to said digital signal; and detecting sampling points on said scanning line, comprising and identifying the positions of said sampling points detected on said scanning line among resolved rows for determining the base sequence of labeled substances.

Abstract: A signal processing method in autoradiography for determination of the base sequence of DNA or a DNA fragment, employing groups of radioactively labeled base specific cleavage products or mixtures thereof obtained by specifically cleaving the DNA or DNA fragment labeled with a radioactive element and resolved one-dimensionally in parallel relation to each other to form resolved rows on a support medium. An autograph is obtained having locational information on groups of radioactively labeled cleavage products contained in the rows on the support medium. An electrical digital signal corresponding to the autoradiograph is then generated. Sampling points in each resolved row of the digital signal are next detected. Reference sampling points are then determined in a plurality of reference rows which are either directly provided on resolved row adjacent to the reference row to identify sampling points in adjacent resolved rows.

Abstract: A light emitting semiconductor device which is provided with a first non-single-crystal semiconductor layer, a second non-single-crystal semiconductor layer formed on the first semiconductor layer and a third non-single-crystal semiconductor layer formed on the second semiconductor layer, or a first non-single-crystal semiconductor layer, many second non-single-crystal semiconductor layers formed on the first semiconductor layer and a third non-single-crystal semiconductor layer formed on the first semiconductor layer to cover the second semiconductor layers. The first and second semiconductor layers have either one or the other of p and n conductivity types, respectively. Semiconductors of the first, second and third layers are each doped with a dangling bond and recombination center neutralizer. The semiconductor of the second layer has a smaller energy gap than the semiconductors of the first and third layers.

Abstract: An autoradiographic gene-screening method employing a hybridization process, which comprises:(1) a step of transferring a portion of genetic clones cultured on a culture medium onto a filter to fix them thereonto;(2) a step of hybridizing the genes of said clones fixed onto said filter with radioactively labeled probes;(3) a step of obtaining two dimensional information on the location of the radioactively labeled substances on the filter which comprises placing said filter having been subjected to the hybridization and a stimulable phosphor sheet in layers for a given period of time to cause said stimulable phosphor sheet to absorb at least a portion of radiation energy emitted by the radioactively labeled substances on the filter, exciting said sheet with an electromagnetic wave to release the radiation energy stored in said sheet as stimulated emission, and detecting the stimulated emission to obtain a locational information on the radioactively labeled substances on the filter; and(4) a step recovering th

Abstract: A laser scribing system and method is described. In the system, a film formed on a substrate is irradiated with laser beam which is focused on a limited portion of the film in order to remove the portion and produce a groove. Laser beam used for eliminating the portion of film formed on a substrate is deprived of its border portion in advance of the focusing. Sperical aberration is suppressed due to this elimination.

Abstract: A three-dimensional image display method for displaying a three-dimensional image including depth and distance information which consists of the steps of obtaining a densified three-dimensional image according to the distance information of an original three-dimensional image using a voxel method and modifying the densified three-dimensional image using a surface method. The surface method consists of the steps of determining each minute image element group including plural image elements proximate to each other over all image elements forming the densified three-dimensional image obtained under the voxel method, computing a density gradient defined by the each minute image element group based on density data of the plural image elements, substituting each modified density data modified according to the density gradient for the density data of the plural image elements obtained under voxel method, and displaying the modified density data on a display. A system for accomplishing this method is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for recording and reproducing an image of a specimen produced by an electron microscope includes a two-dimensional image sensor for storing the energy of an electron beam having passed through the specimen, a stimulating system for scanning the two-dimensional image sensor with stimulating energy to discharge the stored electron beam energy as light from the two-dimensional image sensor, a photoelectric transducer for photoelectrically detecting the light discharged from the two-dimensional image sensor, and an erasing system for applying erasing energy to the two-dimensional image sensor to discharge energy remaining thereon after the light has been photoelectrically detected.

Abstract: A "pressure" gauge which measures density of a gas in a vacuum system is temperature-compensated to give more accurate pressure readings by taking into account the actual gas temperature in the gauge as well as the temperature of the gas during calibration of the gauge. The calibration is for gauge output current versus measured gas pressures; during calibration, the gas temperature is also measured. During pressure measurement gas temperature is measured in the gauge and a microcomputer is used for computations and for lookup of calibration pressure values which nominally corespond to gauge output current values. The output current is first compensated for temperature correction by multiplying it by the actual absolute gas temperature and dividing the product by the absolute calibration gas temperature. This new temperature-compensated output current is used by the microprocessor to access the stored calibration data and to provide a temperature-compensated pressure value.

Abstract: A radiation image storage panel comprising a support and a phosphor layer provided on the support which comprises a binder and stimulable phosphor particles dispersed therein, characterized in that said stimulable phosphor particles are covered with a polymer material.

Abstract: An image read-out apparatus includes a main scanning device for scanning a sheet carrying an image recorded thereon with a light beam in a main scanning direction and obtaining light carrying the image information from the sheet, a sub-scanning device for moving the sheet with respect to the light beam in a sub-scanning direction approximately normal to the main scanning direction, and a light detector for detecting the light obtained from the sheet. The light detector comprises a long photomultipler having a light receiving face extending along the main scanning line and positioned close to the sheet.

Abstract: A flexible disk jacket for accommodating therein a disk-like magnetic recording medium to form a flexible disk is formed by folding and bonding a plastic sheet into a bag-like shape. The plastic sheet is of a composite sheet material formed by laminating an outer layer and an inner layer respectively consisting of at least one plastic layer. The outer layer is colored and has heat sealability and antistatic properties. The inner layer has heat sealability.

Abstract: A chroma keyer color discriminator wherein orthogonal color difference signals B-Y and R-Y are rotated through an angle .phi. corresponding to a desired chroma keying signal where R and B are red and blue signals and Y is the luminance signal where Y=0.3R+0.59G+0.11B. The rotated signals (R-Y)' and (B-Y)' are processed to develop B'-G' and B'-R' signals to enhance the selectivity of the discriminator. Difference signals other than B-Y, R-Y, B'-G', and B'-R' may also be employed.

Abstract: A conversion circuit is provided which includes a negative temperature coefficient resistance between a rectifier and a storage capacitor to limit inrush current when power is applied to the circuit after a power interruption of a relatively long duration. When power is resumed after a short term power interruption and the resistance of the negative temperature coefficient resistance is still low, inrush current is limited by disconnecting a load from the conversion circuit immediately upon the occurrence of the power interruption to maintain the charge on the storage capacitor for the duration of the interruption. A boost regulator unit is provied between the negative temperature coefficient resistance and the storage capacitor to provide a regulated direct current potential across the capacitor which is not responsive to input power variations.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicle engine comprises a first detecting device for detecting a controlled variable on an accelerator, an engine ouput adjusting device, such as a throttle valve, a second detecting device for detecting a situation wherein a vehicle employing therein the vehicle engine is in a travelling condition of traffic jam, and a control device for controlling the engine output adjusting device to cause the vehicle engine to vary its engine output with a predetermined rate of variation in the engine output to the controlled variable on the accelerator when the situation wherein the vehicle is in the travelling condition of traffic jam is not detected by the second detecting device and with a diminished rate of variation in the engine output to the controlled variable on the accelerator when the situation wherein the vehicle is in the travelling condition of traffic jam is detected by said second detecting device so as to have the engine output adjusted in accordance with the controlled variable

Abstract: A flexible exhaust coupling between a first length of exhaust pipe (1) and a second length of exhaust pipe (2), in which the first length of exhaust pipe (1) comprises a pivot portion (3) in the form of a spherical ring projecting outwardly from a portion of the cylindrical outside surface (4) of the first length of exhaust pipe, a first annular exhaust gasket (8) pressing against an inside surface of the pivot portion (3), at least one anti-friction member (9) pressed against an outside surface of the pivot portion (3), and a housing (5) carried by the second length of the exhaust pipe and pressing both the annular gasket and the anti-friction member against the pivot portion (3), and in which the housing comprises a sheet metal collar (6) fixed to the second length of exhaust pipe and extending outwardly therefrom, together with at least one sheet metal bearing sector (7) having an outside edge fixed to the outside edge of the collar (6).

Abstract: In a magnetic tape winding system, an end portion of a magnetic tape, which is cut after the magnetic tape is wound by a predetermined length from a magnetic tape feed roll to a first small wind-up frame, is joined with one end portion of a leader tape having the other end portion engaged with a second small wind-up frame by use of a joining tape. Immediately after the joining, the magnetic tape and the leader tape joined by the joining tape is rewound by a predetermined length around the second small wind-up frame, whereby slack of the tape between the first small wind-up frame and the second small wind-up frame is eliminated without causing the joining section of the magnetic tape with the leader tape to contact the magnetic tape surface at the outermost circumference of the magnetic tape roll wound around the first small wind-up frame.

Abstract: A laser scribing system and method is described. In the system, a film formed on a substrate is irradiated with laser beam which is focused on a limited portion of the film in order to remove the portion and produce a groove. Laser beam used for eliminating the portion of film formed on a substrate is deprived of its border portion in advance of the focusing. Spherical aberration is suppressed due to this elimination.

Abstract: An improved method for depositing material on a substrate is shown. The material to be deposited is energized by irradiation with light in a chamber in which a CVD method is carried out. The energy induced by the irradiation remains in the molecules of the material even after the molecules have lain on the substrate. With the residual energy, the molecules can wander on the substrate even to a hidden surface. Due to this wandering, the deposition can be performed also on the inside of a deep cave. A semiconductor device is thereafter formed on the inside of the cave.