Abstract: A laser scribing system and method is described. In the system, a film formed on a substrate is irradiated with laser beam which is focused on a limited portion of the film in order to remove the portion and produce a groove. Laser beam used for eliminating the portion of film formed on a substrate is deprived of its border portion in advance of the focusing. Spherical aberration is suppressed due to this elimination.

Abstract: A satellite receiver which selects one of radio waves from a plurality of satellites and receives the selected radio wave. This receiver comprises; a satellite number designation switch; an antenna controller for allowing a parabola antenna to face the designated satellite in accordance with the designation by the designation switch; a memory to store the data corresponding to a correction amount of the position of a probe for each satellite; a drive motor to drive the probe to the position corresponding to the data outputted from the memory; and a control circuit to allow the data for the satellite designated by the designation switch to be supplied from the memory to the drive motor. The probe position is corrected in accordance with the designated satellite.

Abstract: A signal processing method in autoradiography for obtaining information on the one dimensional location of radioactively labeled substances in a sample where the substances of the sample are distributed in at least one row on a support medium where the information is in the form of symbols, numerals or a combination thereof.

Abstract: An improved method for depositing material on a substrate is shown. The material to be deposited is energized by irradiation with light in a chamber in which a CVD method is carried out. The energy induced by the irradiation remains in the molecules of the material even after the molecules have lain on the substrate. With the residual energy, the molecules can wander on the substrate even to a hidden surface. Due to this wandering, the deposition can be performed also on the inside of a deep cave. A semiconductor device is thereafter formed on the inside of the cave.

Abstract: In a clock signal regenerator of reproducing apparatus for reproducing a PCM converted signal recorded on magnetic recording medium through helical scan of a slant azimuth method, an output voltage from a loop filter in a PLL circuit which derives clock signals based on the PCM reproduced signals is switched in response to switching between magnetic heads having a different azimuth angle.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display of the chiral smectic type is caused to have grey scales, by applying a voltage of an intermediate level to the liquid crystal. Within each picture element of the display, there are a number of domains of the liquid crystal layer, some being transparent while the other being opaque rendering grey tone to the picture element.

Abstract: A non-single-crystal semiconductor light emitting device comprising a first electrode, a first conductiveity type non-single-crystal semiconductor layer formed on the first electrode, a non-single-crystal semiconductor region formed on the first non-single-crystal semiconductor layer, a second conductivity type non-single-crystal semiconductor layer formed on the nonsingle-crystal semiconductor region, and a second electrode formed on the second non-single-crystal semiconductor layer. The non-single-crystal semiconductor region is formed by a third non-single-crystal semiconductor layer or a laminate member made up of a plurality m (where m.gtoreq.3) of non-single-crystal semiconductor layers M.sub.1, M.sub.2, . . . M.sub.m. The third non-single-crystal semiconductor layer and even-numbered non-single-crystal semiconductor layer M.sub.i (i=2, 4, . . . (m-1) are formed of silicon and so doped with hydrogen or fluorine in an amount of more than 30 atom % as to provide it an (SiH.sub.2).sub.n or (SiF.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: A synchronization pulse generator in a spectrum spread communication system includes first and second envelope detectors for subjecting a correlation output of a spectrum spread signal to envelope detection; a threshold value generator for generating a threshold value having a level corresponding to an output from the second envelope detector; and a comparator for comparing an output level of the first envelope detector with a threshold value generated by the threshold value generator, and outputting an initial synchronization pulse.

Abstract: A method of recording information comprising the steps of: irradiating a light-absorbing material (which is arranged in contact with a polymer blend which changes in its phase condition between a homogeneous state and a phase-separated state in response to change of its temperature across its cloud point) with a laser beam for causing the light-absorbing material to absorb energy of the beam and generate a heat, whereby elevating the temperature of the polymer blend near the light-absorbing material to a temperature of above the cloud point to change the phase condition of the polymer blend into a state which is different from the original state before the elevation of the temperature; and rapidly cooling the polymer blend to fix the polymer blend in its changed phase condition. An information recording medium preferably employed for the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A continuous bag strip separable into a plurality of bags is formed of a flat, continuous tubular strip of flexible plastic material having opposite sides and longitudinal edges each of which has an inward longitudinal fold made along a fold line, the strip having a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart transverse weld lines extending from one longitudinal edge of the strip to the other and a plurality of transverse perforation lines each located close to a respective weld line and extending from one longitudinal edge of the strip to the other such that the strip may be separated into bags each having a bottom formed by one of the weld lines, each side of the strip having a plurality of longitudinally elongated die-cut openings at the location of each of the fold lines, each opening having two longitudinal edges and two traverse edges; one transverse edge of each opening lying on a perforation line or between that perforation line and the corresponding adjacent weld line and the other transverse edge of ea

Abstract: In a V-type engine, the cylinders in one of the cylinder banks are connected to a first communicating passage and the cylinders in the other cylinder bank are connected to a second communicating passage. The cylinders in each cylinder bank do not fire one after another. First and second intake air supply passages are connected to the first and second communicating passages at positions near one end of the communicating passages and extend toward the respective other ends of the communicating passages just above the communicating passages.

Abstract: A physical vapor deposition system is disclosed for routinely achieving unprecedented processing uniformity of thin films on substrates of a size comparable to or larger than the source. The system includes a plurality of substrates; a plurality of deposition, etching, and/or heating sources; a plurality of mobile in-situ process monitors for obtaining the fundamental processing profiles that characterize the processing properties of each source; and mobile fixturing responsive to the fundamental processing profiles for effecting prescribed motion scenarios of the substrate relative to the source; to thus provide the means for achieving extremely uniform as well as an unprecedented range of prescribed non-uniform final thin film processing profiles, irrespective of the size of the substrate relative to the size of the source.

Abstract: An improved Photo CVD apparatus having no window for ultraviolet light is shown. In the reaction chamber of the apparatus, an ultraviolet light source is placed directly in the chamber filled with the process gas so that no loss of light is there and high deposition speed is obtained. This structure is realized by providing extra rooms in the reaction chamber to protect the terminals of the electrodes.

Abstract: A photo CVD apparatus includes a reaction chamber, a vacuum pump, and a light source chamber disposed in the reaction chamber, the light source chamber having a light window. A light source is provided in the light source chamber for irradiating the inside of the reaction chamber through the window. A device inputs reactive gas into the reaction chamber, and an electrode is disposed in the reaction space adjacent to the window and located between the substrate and the window. A method of depositing a layer on a substrate includes the steps of disposing a substrate in a reaction chamber, introducing a reactive gas, and initiating a photo-chemical reaction to deposit the product of the reaction on the substrate by irradiating the reactive gas with light emitted from a light source through a window of a light source chamber in which the light source is disposed. The substrate is then removed from the reaction chamber, and an etchant gas is introduced into the reaction chamber.

Abstract: An AM demodulator of a digital signal processing type wherein an analog AM signal is converted to a digital AM signal, the digital AM signal is squared and a one sample-delayed version of the digital AM signal is squared, these squared signals are added, and the square root of the resulting sum of the squared signals is extracted as an AM demodulated signal. The demodulator comprises a detector for detecting the level of a sum signal representing the sum of the squared signals, an upward bit shifter for bit shifting upwardly the sum signal on the basis of the detection output from the level detector, a polynomial calculator for approximately extracting the square root of the sum signal, and a downward bit shifter for bit shifting downwardly the output signal from the polynomial calculator.

Abstract: A guitar with an improved mechanical selection of various tunings without fast skill or practice being required on the part of the player of the instrument. A positive stop and lever system enables the player to change tuning or key at will and to return back to standard tuning if so desired with a quick movement of a simple readily accessible key changing handle. An additional improved movable capo device for use on the guitar or any string instrument which is capable of a smooth transfer to any position on the neck within the octave without jerky or otherwise unsteady movement, capable of being moved to change any major key or chord within the music scale, including sharps and flats, as well as being usable as a modulating device to modulate in whole or half steps.

Abstract: In a manual transmission for a vehicle, the reverse gear train is also provided with a synchronizer. The reverse synchronizer has a synchronization capacity smaller than that of the forward speed synchronizer for a given operating force.

Abstract: An apparatus for fixing a protective molding to a vehicle body comprises a pressure device for pressing the protective molding attached temporarily to a side portion of the vehicle body against the vehicle body, a backward driving device for causing the pressure device to make a backward movement in relation to the vehicle body, a forward driving means for causing the pressure device to contact and press the protective molding, a body detecting device for coming into contact with the vehicle body before the pressure device contacts the vehicle body, and a control device for actuating the backward driving device to move the pressure device backward when the body detecting device contacts the vehicle device and then actuating the forward driving device to cause the pressure device which has been moved backward to contact the vehicle body and press the protective molding against the vehicle body.

Abstract: A frequency converting apparatus including a sample circuit and a bandpass filter wherein an input analog signal is sampled at predetermined periods only for predetermined time intervals to produce or increase the harmonic components of the original analog signal, a desired frequency component is extracted through the bandpass filter from the harmonic components to thereby convert the original signal having a particular frequency band to a signal having a higher-frequency band.

Abstract: Radiation image converting materials such as a radiation image storage panel and a radiographic intensifying screen comprising a support and a phosphor layer provided on the support which comprises a binder and a phosphor dispersed therein are provided with an electrically conductive polymer layer.