Abstract: There is disclosed a machine for producing an item of mail essentially consisting of an enclosure and an envelope therefor. The enclosures are successively fed to a folding station of the machine by a conveyor. The folded enclosures are conveyed to an insertion station of the machine to be readied for insertion into an envelope and are then conveyed to an enveloping station of the machine. Envelope blanks are successively fed by a second conveyor to the enveloping station and wrapped in that station about enclosures, thereby forming an envelope for the enclosures. The first conveyor then feeds the envelopes with the enclosures therein successively to a sealing station; a franking station and a collecting station.

Abstract: Apparatus for digitally indicating the bearing angle of a source of microwave energy includes an antenna array of a plurality of antenna elements equispaced about an arc of a circle in a plane. Connected to each of the antenna elements is a different input port of a microwave power dividing and phase transforming hybrid matrix. Some of the output ports of the matrix are connected to input ports of a plurality of digital phase discriminators whose outputs emit a coded combination of binary level signals. The outputs of the phase discriminators are connected to an ambiguity resolving means which transforms the binary level signals to an unambiguous digital word representing the bearing angle.

Abstract: A target apparatus which comprises a container and butt walls within it, the container and butt walls carrying noise deadening material whereby the target apparatus may be used close to inhabited areas or even indoors without disturbing other people owing to the noise.

Abstract: A process for producing magnetic elements is disclosed in which magnetic material having a low copper content is utilized and, prior to deposition of copper for acting as a non-magnetic spacer, a layer of isolating material such as nickel is deposited to isolate the copper from the magnetic material so that, after mechanical working of the magnetic material to form an element and the element is annealed to restore its initial magnetic properties, the isolating layer acts to prevent the magnetic properties of the magnetic material from being degraded by the copper layer.

Abstract: Boring apparatus comprising a tubular casing containing a cylindrical body adapted for being driven by a boring rod and a filter body adjacent the cylindrical body. A boring tool is mounted outside the tubular casing at the end of the filter body. The filter body has a cross-section of polygon shape with axially extending edges in contact with the inner surface of the tubular casing to define clearance spaces between the inner surface of the tubular casing and the outer surface of the filter body. The cylindrical body has axial grooves extending to the clearance spaces for passage of boring particles. The cylindrical body can also be provided with annular grooves. Preferably, the cylindrical body and filter body are constituted as a single unit.

Abstract: A container assembly comprising a container of plastic material adapted for receiving a liquid and including a bottom of convex shape in the central portion of which the material is highly oriented. A stabilizing foot supports the container and for this purpose is welded to the container in the central portion of the bottom thereof whereat the material is highly oriented. The foot includes an annular projection extending downwardly from the portion welded to the container. The projection is hollow and forms an annular support foot including a rim which extends upwardly from the projection into smooth peripheral sliding engagement with the bottom of the container. The support foot is welded to the container while the middle portion of the projection is held against the middle portion of the bottom of the container.

Abstract: Data information units are registered sequentially preparatory for transfer to two computer means, each by parallel-synchronous cooperation executing one of two accordant instruction sequences. The execution of each instruction sequence is divided in numbered periods which because of demanded information transfers comprise only one information transfer each. The demand for a transfer leads to a transfer number which is established by means of the period number obtained if the computer means execute instructions belonging to corresponding periods, and by means of the higher of the two period numbers if the instructions executed at the same time do not belong to corresponding periods. A transfer signal is transmitted to one of the computer means when the associated period number is equal to the transfer number. Due to a received transfer signal, the registered data information is transferred to the respective computer means.

Abstract: A slide included in the push button set of a telephone instrument reciprocable to actuate a number of contact devices in the set. Each contact device comprises a pair of movable contact arms associated with fixed contacts. The slide is disposed between two oppositely situated contact assemblies and comprises an arm having two oppositely directed wedge members. Each member has a longitudinal center portions and is provided on each side with a rounded camming surface. The reciprocating action of the slide is effected by a push button on the set, one camming surface then contacting a flange on a movable contact arm thus establishing a contact between this arm and the associated fixed contact. The camming surfaces on both sides of the wedge member are displaced relative to each other to provide a sequential contact action.

Abstract: A two-terminal network includes a transistor which is arranged to switch from a low-ohmic to a high-ohmic state when a predetermined value of a potential drop across a collector-emitter path of the transistor is exceeded; a regenerative threshold circuit arranged to disconnect a base current to the transistor the predetermined value of the potential drop is exceeded.

Abstract: In a word processor a string of characters entered serially via a keyboard into a plurality of positions are centered about a particular point on a line of a record medium by providing a storage medium having a plurality of addressed cells which are serially assigned to the positions on the line of the record medium, the cell addresses ranging between first and second values. The cell assigned to the position which includes the particular point receives the first character of the string while all subsequent data characters are considered as pairs of data characters.

Abstract: In a keyboard having two depressable key switches which receive pulses of a first given width and transmit in response thereto pulses whose width is a function of the mechanical travel of the key switch, the travel of the key switches is detected by feeding a pulse of a first given width alternately to the key switches, sensing for the width of pulses transmitted by the key switches in response to receipt of the pulses of first given width. When the width of a pulse transmitted by one of the key switches in response to the receipt of one of the pulses of the first given width exceeds a second given width which is less than the first given width, there is fed a series of the pulses of first given width only to such one key switch and none of the pulses to the other of the key switches.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording system utilizing a non-return-to-zero format the reproduced recording is fed to positive and negative threshold detectors having no need for electrical hysteresis as well as, via differentiator means, to a zero-crossing detector. The signal from the positive threshold detector and one polarity of the signal from the zero-crossing detector are used to trigger a latch means to a first state to emit a signal having a first level, and the signal from the negative threshold detector and the other polarity of the signal from the zero-crossing detector are used to trigger the latch means to a second state whereby the signal emitted by the latch means is switched to a second level.

Abstract: A printer has a print shell on which are disposed type characters in a two dimensional array with the shell controllably movable in two degrees of freedom to selectively position each type character opposite a record-medium-carrying platen for printing. In addition, during printing the shell is driven against the platen with a force related to the particular character being printed, and associated with the printing is an indexing or transverse spacing of the print shell to expose new portions of the record medium for printing.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process of dewatering sludge and other materials of that kind. The process provides that the raw sludge and a flocculating agent are first mixed by suitable means, then fed into a rotary filter drum or similar device to effect thickening of the sludge and partial dewatering thereof. The now thickened sludge is then conveyed through a filtering assembly in which the sludge is subjected to further dewatering forces, which could be vacuum, centrifugal, static pressure, or pressure while moving along the filter surfaces, thereby further dewatering the sludge. The filtrate discharged from the filter drum and the second filtering assembly and also wash water used for cleaning the filter surfaces in the filter drum and the second filtering assembly are at least partly returned to the filter drum to effect total flocculation and recapture of sludge particles contained in the filtrate and the wash waters.There is also disclosed an installation for carrying out the dewatering process.

Abstract: A method for producing a tubular length of material which can line the interior of a bore comprising providing a magazine having a substantial length of tubular material radially wound on itself in a number of overlapping layers, pulling one end of the tubular material from the magazine and closing this end to form a tubular cavity within the portion of the tubular material pulled from the magazine. The magazine or the closed end of the tubular cavity can be supported at the bottom of the bore and a pressure medium can be supplied to the cavity to unwind the material from the magazine while permitting relative movement between the magazine and the end of the tubular material. After the bore has been lined with the material, a substance can be supplied therein which will effectively sealed from the bore by the tubular material. The magazine can be mounted on a hollow guide which serves both to supply the pressure medium to the cavity and to introduce the substance into the lined bore.

Abstract: A fastening device is disclosed for joining two members, for example tubular members, together, one of the members having a recess in an end which is to abut the other member. The device includes wedge elements which are moved relative to one another to engage opposed internal walls of the recess in the one member so that by attaching one of the wedge elements to the other member the members are secured to one another. Deformable links interconnect the wedge elements to initially retain the elements in their operative positions but to subsequently deform when relative movement is produced between the elements.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of pole structures for magnetic transducing heads is described in which the configuration of the non-magnetic gaps is formed by abrading the ferrite pole structure through a mask to erode recesses in the gap area which have inclined walls. The final dimension of the gap defining face of one or the magnetic elements is determined by removing material from the masked face of the structure until the dimension between the recesses has the desired value.

Abstract: A pipelined data processing system having n processing stages, each of which is under the control of a central microprogram. Each microprogram instruction is decoded to produce n control signals, one for each processing stage. Microprogram start addresses are generated by combining information from the latest n program instructions received. Thus, each microprogram sequence implements a combination of phases of successive program instructions. A flag register is used to store relatively static control information, and effectively provides an extension of the microprogram instruction.

Abstract: A reading device for viewing microfilms, transparencies, fiches, and the like, comprising a plate-shaped projection screen made of transparent material supported on a frame structure with the projection screen disposed in a slanted position relative to the horizontal. The screen has on the viewing side a frosted surface and on the opposite side prism-shaped parts. A source of light is disposed into the frame structure beneath a carrier for placing an article to be projected thereon. A mirror assembly is disposed in the frame structure to reflect light rays passed from the light source through the article to the prism-shaped parts and through the projection screen. The prism-shaped parts are disposed in lengthwise rows and have prism surfaces extending at an angle with respect to the opposite side of the projection screen for deflecting the light rays reflected from the mirror assembly so as to project an image of the article within an angle converging toward a viewer situated above and in front of the screen.

Abstract: A portion of a magnetic tape mounted on a pair of reels in a videocasette having an access opening is withdrawn from the cassette by finger means and constrained to travel along a fixed path when the reels are driven. Opposite the fixed path is a tape wiper in the form of two pairs of spaced reels, each carrying a wiping tape with each wiping tape wiping one of the surfaces of the magnetic tape. In addition there is provided means for polishing the active surface of the magnetic tape as well as photoelectric means for evaluating such surfaces for imperfections.