Abstract: An inductor comprising a core, wherein the inductor is produced by the steps of: defining physical parameters of the core of the inductor, the physical parameters including dimensions of the air gap; defining a plurality of branches of the core; approximating the relative permeability of the core material by interpolating between first and second known values of magnetic flux density that exist in the core material when the core material is exposed to first and second values of magnetic field strength, respectively; calculating boundary currents that must flow through the inductor for each of the first and second known values of magnetic flux density to exist in each branch of the core; establishing the inductance of the inductor at each of the calculated boundary currents; and constructing the inductor.

Abstract: High quality full color images are printed with sublimation inks on transfer paper. The images are applied to prepared surfaces on parts, especially surfaces such as anodized aluminum prepared according to specific processes but also to other materials. Image transfer is accomplished by heating the part and/or the transfer paper and image under pressure. Once the image transfer is complete the parts are processed to ensure longevity of the image. The process may be used to apply images to parts having any 3 dimensional shapes.

Abstract: Purging of a light beam path in an effective manner that minimizes the affect of the purging requirement on system throughput. In one embodiment, the invention is incorporated into a birefringence measurement system that has several components for directing light through a sample optical element and thereafter detecting and analyzing the light. The segment of the beam path through the sample is isolated to reduce the volume that requires continual purging.

Abstract: A universal host-powered multimedia speaker system derives its power from a host multimedia computer system chassis, rather than from a conventional dedicated speaker system power supply. The speaker system includes a pair of amplifiers with differential connections for receiving the audio signal and with differential output connections to the speaker to provide it with differential amplification. Differential input amplification amplifies the difference between the signals applied to the amplifiers and thereby rejects the common-mode noise, which including ground circuit electrical noise. Differential output amplification refers to a pair of amplifiers that generate output signals that are 180 degrees out of phase with each other. The differential output amplification provides rejection of power supply electrical noise components.

Abstract: A system and method for precisely measuring low-level linear and circular birefringence properties (retardance and direction) of optical materials (26). The system incorporates a photoelastic modulator (24) for modulating polarized light that is then directed through a sample (26). The beam (“Bi”) propagating from the sample is separated into two parts, with one part (“B1”) having a polarization direction different than the polarization direction of the other beam part (“B2”). These separate beam parts are then processed as distinct channels. Detection mechanisms (32, 50) associated with each channel detect the time varying light intensity corresponding to each of the two parts of the beam. This information is combined for calculating a precise measure of the linear and/or circular retardance induced by the sample, as well as the sample's fast axis orientation and direction of circular retardance.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to systems and methods for precisely measuring birefringence properties of large-format samples of optical elements. A gantry-like configuration is employed for precise movement of birefringence measurement system components relative to the sample. There is also provided an effective large-format sample holder that adequately supports the sample to prevent induced birefringence therein while still presenting a large area of the sample to the unhindered passage of light.

Abstract: A method of determining the inductance required to maintain the amplitudes of harmonic current waveforms in a rectifier circuit below a predetermined level includes a rectifier circuit that has an inductor and a capacitor. The circuit draws power from a varying power source and supplies power to a load. The method includes the steps of calculating, using a resonant analysis method, an expression for the input current waveform in the rectifier circuit in terms of the inductance of the inductor when a predetermined input voltage waveform is applied to the rectifier circuit. The capacitor has a predetermined capacitance and the load drawing has a predetermined current from the rectifier circuit.

Abstract: Provided are systems and methods for precisely measuring birefringence properties of optical elements, especially those elements that are used in deep ultraviolet (DUV) wavelengths. The system includes two photoelastic modulators (PEM) (126, 128) located on opposite sides of the sample (136). Each PEM is operable for modulating the polarity of a light beam that passes though the sample. The system also includes a polarizer (124) associated with one PEM, an analyzer (130) associated with the other PEM, and a detector (132) for measuring the intensity of the light after it passes through the PEMs, polarizer, and analyzer. Described are techniques for determining birefringence properties across a wide range. For example, a dual-wavelength source light embodiment is provided for measuring relatively high levels of birefringence.

Abstract: A system and method is disclosed for providing throttle control in the context of a short message point-to-point gateway. The method enables the control of a message sent from a message source, such as an external source message entity (ESME) to a message-receiving device such as a mobile phone. The method comprises transmitting a data unit associated with the message from the message source to the gateway, determining whether the message source has exceeded a threshold value associated with sending messages and transmitting a response signal from the gateway to the message source indicating an error if the message source has exceeded the threshold value. In this manner, throttle control occurs on an ESME-by-ESME basis, rather than in the aggregate.

Abstract: A solid-state camera device having a matrix of pixels arranged in rows and columns, wherein a subset of pixels of the entire pixel matrix can be read for display and confirmation of photographic conditions to reduce power consumption and decrease time to display the image. In electronic cameras light is focused on the camera device having pixels and the light energy is used to provide an electric signal from each pixel in proportion to the incident light to provide an image signal. The image signal may be displayed on an attached display such as a liquid crystal display. Because most display have fewer pixels than the camera device, the display can not display image information from each camera device pixel.

Abstract: A system and method for exploiting the dependance of a photoelastic modulator's (PEM's) resonance frequency on temperature (attributable to driving amplitude and to ambient temperature) to generally improve the performance of PEMs. In one embodiment there is provided a method and system for efficiently driving a series of multiple PEMs. To this end, each of the PEMs in a stack are separately tuned, as by controlling the power dissipated in each PEM, so that the resonance frequencies of all of the PEMs converge to a common frequency. Thus, all of the PEMs are simultaneously at resonance to ensure maximum efficiency and to maintain a selected total retardation amplitude. In another embodiment of the present invention, a single-element PEM is controlled in a manner to account for the subtle changes in the PEM's resonance frequency.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for delivering a short message from an external short message entity (ESME) to a wireless device. The method comprises transmitting a message from a message source device such as an external short message entity to a gateway, the message being associated with a service type. A routing determination is made based on the service type associated with the message. The message is then routed to one of a plurality of message centers according to the routing method chosen. The method may be used with a gateway system that implements a standard interface to a message complex of a wireless system. The interface enables all ESMEs to communicate with the message complex using a consistent standard interface. The system used to implement the method of the present invention comprises a short message point-to-point gateway, a message complex, a home location register and a mobile switching center.

Abstract: A process for packaging a food product such as soft ice-cream, frozen yogurt or the like in a single-serving package comprises a continuous in-line system in which a pot (9) is formed in a deformable bottom web (2) of plastics material and a lid (12) with dispensing aperture (14) is formed in a top web (4) of plastics material. Food product is filled into the formed pot and the webs are brought together in register with a lid aligned over the mouth of the pot. The lid is sealed to the pot at a sealing station and the aperture in the lid is covered and sealed with a peel-off tab or label (16). To dispense the product for consumption, the tab is removed and the product is extruded by pressing down on the deformable pot to collapse it, forcing the product through the aperture in the lid. To facilitate this, at least a portion of the lid is formed so as to be sufficiently rigid as to provide a bearing surface toward which the pot can be collapsed.