Abstract: A process for improved flocculation of Bayer process red mud-containing liquor uses a conventional water soluble anionic flocculant to form a red mud phase and a supernatant from the red mud-containing liquor, the supernatant containing suspended solids. The process is characterized by the addition of a water soluble clarification aid in addition to the conventional flocculant, wherein the clarification aid is pullulan, lactan, zooglan, rhamsan, or combinations thereof. The clarification aid is added to the red mud-containing liquor in an amount sufficient to reduce the concentration of suspended solids in the supernatant.

Abstract: Polymers tagged with pendant fluorescent groups are prepared by the (trans)amidation derivatization of pre-existing polymers having carbonyl-type pendant groups. Polymers having pendant amide groups wherein the amide nitrogen is substituted with fluorescent moieties, prepared by (trans)amidation derivatization, are provided. Polymers having pendant (sulfonated) napthalene moieties substituted to amide nitrogen are provided.

Abstract: Zebra Mussels can be controlled by treating the waters in which they grow with a composition comprising the combination of a chlorine solution and a bromide salt capable of releasing bromide ions to the chlorine solution.

Abstract: A method of breaking crude oil emulsions using a water-in-oil emulsion breaker obtained by the reaction, in anhydrous conditions, for at least one hour, of an alkyl substituted phenol-formaldehyde polymer having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R is a linear or branched alkyl group having from 4-20 carbon atoms, and wherein m and n are both independent integers, the sum of which is sufficient to achieve a molecular weight of at least 1000 and further that m, but not n, may be zero with (b) ethylene carbonate, said reaction being further accomplished in a common oleophilic solvent having a boiling point of at least 180.degree. C., the reaction further at a temperature of at least 160.degree. C. in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, said catalyst being present at a concentration, based on total weight of reactants a & b, of at least about 0.1 weight percent.

Abstract: A method for treating and resolving a phosphorus containing oily waste emulsion is described. The treatment uses an emulsion destabilizing cationic polymer of low molecular weight in combination with filter aids to form a coacervate slurry. The coacervate slurry can be optionally treated with either high molecular weight anionic or cationic coagulents, or combination thereof. The suspended solids formed by the above treatments are removed from the slurries and wasted or discarded or incinerated. The remaining liquids may be recycled, reused, or treated as effluent meeting environmental standards.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for decolorizing an effluent stream from a pulp mill plant comprising the step of adding an effective amount of a decolorizing composition including a ferrous sulfate and a water-soluble cationic amine polymer.

Abstract: A bacterial-assisted heap leach process is employed for the solubilization of a metal from a refractory ore containing fines and/or clay wherein at least a portion of the metal is solubilized by the bacterial oxidation of sulfides and the concomitant or sequential dissolution of the metal into a leaching solution. For some metals, the leaching solution has a pH of greater than about 9. The improvement in the process includes the application of an aqueous solution of acrylamide polymer to the ore in an amount effective to agglomerate the fines and/or clay prior to heap formation. The acrylamide polymer has a molecular weight of at least 500,000 and is comprised of from about 0 to about 100 mole percent of (meth)acrylamide mer units and from about 0 to 100 mole percent of N-sulfoalkyl(meth)acrylamide mer units. The acrylamide polymer is preferably applied to the ore as an aqueous solution formed at least in part by recycled bio solution.

Abstract: Oversprayed paint in a paint spray operation is detackified by dosing the water of the waste water system of such operation with a composition comprising a polymer and aluminum sulfate. The polymer contains at least about 10 mole percent of cationic mer units of monoethylenically unsaturated monomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and composition for preventing or reducing foaming in a hydrocarbon fuel. One aspect of the invention provides a hydrocarbon fuel composition including from 0.1 to 500 ppm of a bis amide as an anti-foam agent.

Abstract: A papermaking process includes the steps of adding to the papermaking cellulosic slurry first a high molecular weight cationic polymer and then a medium molecular weight anionic polymer, to improve drainage and retention. The anionic polymer includes ionizable sulfonate.

Abstract: A digested slurry from a wet process phosphoric acid production process is dewatered by gravity-assisted vacuum filtration using as a filtration aid an aqueous solution of a polymeric filtraton aid that has been subjected to high shear mixing to enhance the performance of the filtration aid and enhance the filtration.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive adhesive is prepared by the polymerization of an appropriate acrylic ester formulation of the type that includes an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a polar group, and at least part of such polymerization is accomplished by photopolymerization using a source of ultraviolet radiation that provides a substantial portion of its ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength band of from about 280 to about 350 nm and a light intensity at the surface of the formulation being polymerized of no more than about 4.0 milliwatts/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A method for reducing the relative viscosity of a phosphate rock slurry during a grinding process in a phosphoric acid production facility is described. The method includes the steps of adding an effective amount of a sulfonated acrylamide or acrylic acid polymer having a molecular weight of from 500 to 100,000 and being selected from the group consisting of sulfonated polymers of acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymers and the copolymerization products of acrylic acid, acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl sulfonic acid.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the suppression of bauxite dust emissions from dry, finely divided bauxite ore. The method includes the step of contacting bauxite ore with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble vinyl addition polymer. The polymer being selected from the group consisting of non-ionic and anionic water-soluble vinyl addition polymers.

Abstract: Generally, the invention provides a fouling probe apparatus. The fouling probe including a heat transfer conduit having a first portion formed as a loop which is removably attached to a second portion which extends linearly. A hollow housing encases the apparatus. The housing has an open forward portion and an open rear portion. The open forward portion is attachable to an oil quench tower about an opening in the quench tower and the open rear portion is adapted to be securely attached to the linearly extending second portion of the heat transfer conduit. A fouling grid is attached to the first portion of the heat transfer conduit. The fouling grid is super-heated to accelerate fouling.

Abstract: New oxygen scavengers for boiler waters have been discovered, which oxygen scavengers are based upon substituted quinoline compounds. These compounds provide oxygen scavenging capabilities, metal passivating capabilities, and volatility such that condensate systems in an operating boiler are protected. The compounds may be formulated with other oxygen scavengers and other common treatment agents used in boiler waters, especially the volatile amine, such as, but not limited to, morpholine and diethylhydroxylamine.The preferred quinoline compounds is ethoxyquin, i.e. 6-ethoxy-1,2,-dihydro-2,2,4-dihydroquinoline.

Abstract: The invention provides a ceramic composition including as an additive a functionalized colloidal silica sol. The ceramic composition of the invention having an increased green strength.

Abstract: A water soluble ethylene dichloride ammonia polymer having a molecular weight of from 500 to 10,000 which contains from 5 to 50 mole % of dithiocarbamate salt groups. Also, disclosed is the use of these polymers in removing heavy metals from water.

Abstract: A process for removing cyanide anions from waste waters using halogen-free ferric salts is disclosed. The process is particularly effective when treatment of cyanide waste waters is done by adding ferric sulfate while adjusting pH of the waste waters with a halogen-free acid, such as sulfuric acid, to a pH ranging from about 3.0 to 5.0.The ferric ferricyanides formed are agglomerated and flocculated using synthetic polymers along with whatever other dispersed or suspended solids may be present in the waste waters, and this dense sludge is separated in a clarifier. Cyanide removal is at least 80%, relative to initial cyanide concentrations, and preferably 90% removal or higher.Cyanide wastes from coke oven off gas scrubbing waters are particularly waste waters amenable to this treatment.

Abstract: Glutaraldehyde is effective in controlling Zebra mussels found in industrial process waters.