Abstract: An infrared radiation detector comprises a pyroelectric detector element in a hermetically sealed housing. The housing comprises a base and cover with an aperture. A Fresnel lens, for example made of polyethylene transmissive in the 8-14 .mu.m wavelength range, is fastened over the aperture on the inside of the cover for condensing the radiation to be detected onto the detector element. In one example the Fresnel lens is held against a flange surrounding the aperture by a press-fit ring. Alternatively, the Fresnel lens is glued to a silicon window which in turn is fastened to the flange surrounding the aperture. The Fresnel lens thus forms an integral part of the detector housing avoiding the need for external mirrors or lenses.

Abstract: A stereoscopic infrared imager includes optics for producing infrared images of two different views of an infrared scene. A scanning mirror alternately scans the two infrared images across a single infrared detector array. The detector array modulates a light source array to produce a visible image of the scanned part of the infrared scene. Optics are provided for producing visible images of the light source array at the positions of the eyes of the observer. A second scanning mirror alternately scans the image of the light source array across the two eyes of the observer in order to construct full visible images of the scene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound blazed optical phase grating. The grating comprises at least two grating sections which are disposed opposite each other in parallel planes. The gratings have grooves which extend parallel to each other. The grating sections have equal grating periods and are movable relative to each other within their planes and perpendicular to the grooves. Over one grating period, the optical path length varies at least substantially parabolically and symmetrically relative to the grating period. The path length varies in such a manner that when both grating sections are symmetrically arranged relative to a common line perpendicular to the grating planes, the optical path length through the compound grating is uniform across the grating. Various optical switches and switching matrixes can be formed by using such compound phase gratings.

Abstract: Component for an integrated optical system, in particular for guiding electromagnetic radiation in the visible and/or infrared wavelength range. The component comprises a monocrystalline substrate of a material having a garnet structure and a refractive index n.sub.1. A dielectric layer having a refractive index n.sub.2 (n.sub.2 <n.sub.1) is grown epitaxially on a surface of the substrate. An optical waveguide layer having a refractive index n.sub.3 (n.sub.3 >n.sub.2) is grown epitaxially on the dielectric layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a magnetic recording medium comprising a substrate of a nonmagnetic material bearing a thin magnetic layer with perpendicular anistropy. The magnetic thin layer comprises alternate layers of Pd and Co. The signal-to-noise ratio upon reading the stored information is considerably improved in that the thicknesses of the individual layers of Pd are between 0.2 and 2.0 nm and that the individual layers of Co consist of at least one monolayer of Co atoms and have thicknesses which are smaller than 0.3 nm.The thin magnet layer may be manufactured, for example, by electron beam vacuum vapor deposition of the individual layers of Pd and Co.

Abstract: Li.sub.4 Ge.sub.5 O.sub.12 activated by a closed shell ion such as Ti.sup.+4 or Sn.sup.+4 as the active medium for a solid state laser that emits in the blue-green region of the visible spectrum.

Abstract: A continuous process for manufacturing an optical cable element in which a central draw core is rotated with a periodically reversing direction of rotation. The draw core is then provided (i) with synthetic resin tubes in which one or more optical fibers are incorporated, or (ii) with an extruded synthetic resin sheath with grooves in which one or more optical fibers are laid. As a result of the rotation of the draw core, the grooves in the synthetic resin sheath or the synthetic resin tubes follow helical paths with periodically reversing directions of rotation.

Abstract: In a CCD, especially in an image sensor device, the information density can be doubled by sequentially switching the electrodes between a clock signal and a reference signal. Clock signals and reference signals are obtained as output signals of a shift register controlled by a monophase or multiphase clock. The register is provided, for example, using C-MOS technology. Information at the input terminal of the first stage of the shift register in combination with clock pulse signals at the register clock, determine the output signals of the next stage of the shift register. Hence, these input signals determine the voltage variations at the electrodes connected to the outputs of the register stages.

Abstract: Optical fibres are drawn from a solid preform which consists substantially of SiO.sub.2 and doped SiO.sub.2. After leaving the heating zone, the fiber is guided through a space having a laminar gas flow to restrict the temperature drop across the fiber so that no extra stresses are incorporated in the fiber upon cooling. A device for performing this method comprises a quartz pipe through which the fiber is guided and in which a laminar gas flow is maintained.

Abstract: The attenuation of an optical waveguide is measured by comparing the light power input into the waveguide with the light power output from the waveguide. The input power is encoded on the light signal by pulse frequency modulation. The output power is measured by a light receiver.

Abstract: A monomode optical transmission fiber with a tapered end portion. A lens is arranged on the end portion. The lens has a refractive index higher than that of the fiber core. Such a fiber has a substantially better coupling efficiency from a diode laser into the fiber core. The lens can be formed by immersing the tapered end portion of the fiber in a transparent liquid material. The drop formed on the end portion of the fiber after withdrawal from the liquid solidifies into a lens.

Abstract: A camera for recording television, photographic or cinematographic images comprises an automatic focusing device. The information required for automatic focusing is obtained with the aid of a partial blocking arrangement for blocking two different portions of an optical path leading to an electronic image sensor. These two portions are located on opposite sides of an optical central axis. After signals obtained during the partial blocking periods have been compared with each other, the focusing is adjusted until signal correlation is optimized.To produce a camera having both undisturbed scene recording and automatic focusing, while using only one sensor, this camera includes a charge transfer device. The device comprises a pickup member, a storage member, and a shift register member.

Abstract: A flat type optical cable comprises parallelly extending optical fibers which are interconnected by a light-cured lacquer of acrylic acid esters. The lacquer is present only on the facing circumferential parts of the optical fibers.

Abstract: An optical movement sensor for clearly accurately detecting deformations of a human body. The movement sensor consists of a belt with a buckle made up of two parts which are joined together mechanically by a light-transmitting sensor element. Transmitting and a receiving fibre optic light guides are connected to one part of the buckle in such a way that light emitted by the transmitting light guide passes through the sensor element by way of a polarizer and is coupled to the receiving light guide via an analyzer.

Abstract: An adjustable electromechanical device, such as a potentiometer, a variable capacitor or a multiple switch, comprising a shaft which is rotatably mounted in a sleeve. The shaft is retained in the axial direction by an annular wall portion of the bearing sleeve at the free end of the sleeve, the annular wall portion is spaced from the remainder of the sleeve by at least one but preferably two evenly distributed slots which extend circumferentially in the wall of the sleeve. The annular wall portion remains connnected to the remainder of the bearing sleeve at at least one location. The free parts of the annular portion are deformed to engage a circumferential groove in the shaft.

Abstract: A thermal imaging device comprising a ferroelectric or pyroelectric slab bearing an infrared-permeable common electrode on one main surface and a signal electrode structure on the opposite main surface. The signal electrode structure is electrically connected to electrodes of a circuit substrate by means of solder bumps fused to conductors surrounded by a thermal insulating material. A problem in such thermally imaging devices is the heat conducted transverse to the longitudinal axes of the conductors, so that cross talk occurs between adjacent sensing regions. The transverse heat conduction between adjacent conductors is reduced by using conductors which are each in the form of a metal coating on a bore in a respective pillar of thermally insulating material, the pillars are separated by channels.

Abstract: An image recording and readout device has a light-stimulable phosphor layer for storing a radiation image. The image is read out of the phosphor layer by scanning the layer with a laser beam. A filter is provided between the phosphor layer and the laser to increase the coupling of the laser light into the phosphor layer. The filter passes stimulating laser radiation within an angular acceptance range and reflects stimulating radiation outside the acceptance range.

Abstract: An optical cable element includes an optical waveguide loosely embedded in a bundle of strength fibers. A protective mantle surrounds the waveguide-containing bundle of strength fibers.

Abstract: A connector for light waveguides comprising a housing and at least one clamping member provided in the housing. The clamping member comprises a base having a V-shaped guide groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing. The guide groove receives a light waveguide plug. A pressure element is provided opposite the guide groove. The pressure element consists of a clamping bridge and pressure members acting thereon. The height of the pressure members is smaller than the distance between the engaging surface of the clamping bridge and the wall of the housing extending opposite the engaging surface. Screw caps are provided to be screwed laterally on the housing and to act on the pressure members via a pressure piece. The pressure members consist of individual balls which have the same diameter and which are provided in at least one row, one behind the other, in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the housing.

Abstract: Glass layers are deposited according to a prescribed refractive index profile. The multilayer component is divided into precalculated parts, which are rectangular in shape and which have the optical properties of cylinder lenses. The optical properties of such structural components can be determined within wide limits by the nature of the deposition.