Abstract: An improved method for recovering the protein expressed by open reading frame 2 from PCV2 is provided. The method generally involves the steps of transfecting recombinant virus containing open reading frame 2 coding sequences into cells contained in growth media, causing the virus to express open reading frame 2, and recovering the expressed protein in the supernate. This recovery should take place beginning approximately 5 days after infection of the cells in order to permit sufficient quantities of recombinant protein to be expressed and secreted from the cell into the growth media. Such methods avoid costly and time consuming extraction procedures required to separate and recover the recombinant protein from within the cells.

Abstract: A new method for selecting clones and recloning mammalian cells which are of importance for the production of biopharmaceuticals, preferably hamster or mouse myeloma cells, with a high degree of automation and throughput. The invention relates to methods of depositing and replicating single cell clones of the cells in question. The invention also relates to methods of preparing proteins using cells which have been obtained and replicated by single cell deposition as well as compositions which allow the replication of single cells.

Abstract: An improved method for recovering the protein expressed by open reading frame 2 from porcine circovirus type 2 is provided. The method generally involves the steps of transfecting recombinant virus containing open reading frame 2 coding sequences into cells contained in growth media, causing the virus to express open reading frame 2, and recovering the expressed protein in the supernate. This recovery should take place beginning approximately 5 days after infection of the cells in order to permit sufficient quantities of recombinant protein to be expressed and secreted from the cell into the growth media. Such methods avoid costly and time-consuming extraction procedures required to separate and recover the recombinant protein from within the cells.

Abstract: An isolated chimeric GLP-1 nucleic acid sequence encoding a human pro-insulin leader, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and a furin cleavable site between the human pro-insulin leader sequence and the GLP-1 is provided. Also provided is an isolated modified chimeric GLP-1 nucleic acid sequence encoding a human pro-insulin leader, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and a furin cleavable site between the human pro-insulin leader sequence and the GLP-1. Recombinant expression vectors comprising the chimeric GLP-1 nucleic acid sequences, which produce GLP-1 constitutively are provided, as are human cells transfected with such an expression vector in combination with an expression vector comprising a proinsulin nucleic acid sequence and an expression vector comprising a furin and a glucose-regulatable TGF-alpha promoter. Methods of producing human GLP-1 constitutively are provided as are method of producing GLP-1 and insulin or in a glucose-dependent manner using such transfected cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing the percentage of concomitant infections in pigs or a herd of pigs caused by pathogens other than PCV2 comprising the step administering to said pig(s) an effective amount of PCV2 antigen or an immunogenic composition comprising PCV2 antigen. It also refers to a method for improving the resistance of pigs against concomitant infections with pathogens other than PCV2, comprising the step administering to said pig(s) an effective amount of PCV2 antigen or an immunogenic composition comprising PCV2 antigen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an immunogenic composition that comprises a porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) antigen for treatment of several clinical manifestations (diseases). Preferably, the clinical manifestations are associated with a PCV2 infection. Preferably, they include lymphadenopathy, lymphoid depletion and/or multinucleated/giant histiocytes. Moreover, the clinical symptoms include lymphadenopathy in combination with one or a multiple of the following symptoms in pigs: (1) interstitial pneumonia with interlobular edema, (2) cutaneous pallor or icterus, (3) mottled atrophic livers, (4) gastric ulcers, (5) nephritis and (6) reproductive disorders, e.g. abortion, stillbirths, mummies, etc. Furthermore the clinical symptoms include Pia like lesions, normally known to be associated with Lawsonia intracellularis infections.

Abstract: Atomizers (1) comprising a cartridge holder (4) which is arranged in the housing (3), a mouthpiece (5) which is provided on the housing (3) and in which an atomization device (6) is arranged, and a connecting tube system (7) which connects the atomization device (6) and the cartridge holder (4), wherein the atomization device (6) has at least one nozzle body (8) and the connecting tube system (7) has at least one passage (9) with a hollow plunger (10) mounted displaceably therein, wherein the hollow plunger (10) includes a valve body (21). In accordance with a first embodiment the atomizer (1) has a first hollow plunger (10a) mounted displaceably in a first passage (9a) and a second hollow plunger (10b) mounted displaceably in a second passage (9b), wherein the first hollow plunger (10a) and the second hollow plunger (10b) extend into the cartridge holder (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for preparing enantiomerically pure 8-(3-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-xanthines. The process involves reacting a compound of the formula (III) with 3-(phthalimido)piperidine or an enantiomer thereof where X is a leaving group selected from halogens and sulphonic ester acid residues, and R1 to R3 are as defined herein, to obtain a compound of the formula (II) and deprotecting the obtained compound of the formula (II) to obtain the product xanthines.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: wherein X, R2, R3, R5 and R6 are defined herein, are useful as inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase.

Abstract: Disclosed are new dihydropteridinones of general formula (I) wherein the groups L and R1-R5 have the meanings given in the claims and specification, the isomers thereof, intermediates and processes for preparing these dihydropteridinones and the use thereof as pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or its enantiomers or diastereoisomers thereof: wherein: A,; X, W, R1, Y; R3; and R4 are as defined herein. The compounds of the invention may be used as inhibitors of the papilloma virus E1-E2-DNA complex. The invention further provides a method of treating or preventing human papilloma virus infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new substituted prolinamides of general formula (I) wherein D, L, E, G, J, M, R3, R4, R5 and R13 are defined as in the specification, the tautomers, the enantiomers, the diastereomers, the mixtures, and the salts thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transgenic non-human animal with broad or cell type-specific ectopic expression of fra-2 that manifests itself in a fibrotic disease, methods for obtaining such animal and their use. Fra-2 transgenic animals, in particular mice, are useful as model systems for human fibrotic disease, e.g. lung scleroderma and pulmonary fibrosis. Cells obtained from the animal are useful for the analysis of fibrotic disease and for testing compounds useful in the therapy of fibrotic disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating irritable bowel syndrome through the use of effective amounts of a compound acting as CGRP antagonist.

Abstract: Disclosed are new dihydropteridinones of the formula (I) wherein the groups L, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 have the meanings provided herein, the isomers thereof, processes for preparing these dihydropteridinones and their use as pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: For meteredly dispensing a liquid over a period of several months from a container which can be stored over a long period of time, the need is for a container which is practically diffusion-tight and in which the liquid does not come into contact with the ambient atmosphere. The cartridge according to the invention is a three-shell container comprising a collapsible bag which contains the liquid, a container which is stable in respect of shape and a stiff metal casing. The cartridge can be releasably connected to a dispensing device. The cartridge can be provided with a micro-opening with which the time for pressure equalisation between the cartridge and the ambient atmosphere can be adjusted. The cartridge is suitable for aqueous and for alcoholic liquids which contain a pharmaceutically active substance. The liquid in the cartridge is protected from external influences. The cartridge can be used in an atomiser for producing an inhalable aerosol for the treatment of illnesses.

Abstract: An isomer, enantiomer, diastereoisomer, or tautomer of a compound, represented by formula I: wherein: A is O, S, NR1, or CR1, wherein R1 is defined herein; — represents either a single or a double bond; R2 is selected from: H, halogen, R21, OR21, SR21, COOR21, SO2N(R22)2, N(R22)2, CON(R22)2, NR22C(O)R22 or NR22C(O)NR22 wherein R21 and each R22 is defined herein; B is NR3 or CR3, with the proviso that one of A or B is either CR1 or CR3, wherein R3 is defined herein; K is N or CR4, wherein R4 is defined herein; L is N or CR5 wherein R5 has the same definition as R4 defined above; M is N or CR7, wherein R7 has the same definition as R4 defined above; Y1 is O or S; Z is N(R6a)R6 or OR6, wherein R6a is H or alkyl or NR61R62 wherein R61 and R62 are defined herein; a salt or a derivative thereof, as an inhibitor of HCV NS5B polymerase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of animal health and in particular to Lawsonia intracellularis. In particular, the invention relates to a method of diagnosing Lawsonia intracellularis infection and a diagnostic test kit using Lawsonia intracellularis-specific antibodies. The invention also relates to the use of the method or test kit for diagnosing Lawsonia intracellularis infections.

Abstract: A cartridge for propellant-free administration of a liquid pharmaceutical composition by inhalation includes: an elongate displacing device including an upper end and a lower end, the lower end for at least partial insertion into a container; a cartridge chamber disposed at the lower end of the displacing device and operable store a pharmaceutical formulation, the cartridge chamber including at least one pierceably sealed opening; and a cannula guide extending from the upper end of the displacing device to the cartridge chamber, wherein insertion of a cannula through the guide pierces the sealed opening and releases the pharmaceutical formulation into a liquid solvent in the container to form the liquid pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: Racemates, diastereoisomers and optical isomers of a compound of formula (I): wherein B is H, a C6 or C10 aryl, C7-16 aralkyl; Het or (lower alkyl)-Het, all of which optionally substituted with C1-6 alkyl; C1-6 alkoxy; C1-6 alkanoyl; hydroxy; hydroxy-alkyl; halo; haloalkyl; nitro; cyano; cyanoalkyl; amino optionally substituted with C1-6 alkyl; amido; or (lower alkyl)amide; or B is an acyl derivative of formula R4—C(O)—; a carboxyl of formula R4—O—C(O)—; an amide of formula R4—N(R5)—C(O)—; a thioamide of formula R4—N(R5)—C(S)—; or a sulfonyl of formula R4—SO2; R5 is H or C1-6 alkyl; and Y is H or C1-6 alkyl; R3 is C3-7 cycloalkyl, or C4-10 alkylcycloalkyl, all optionally substituted with hydroxy, C1-6 alkoxy, C1-6 thioalkyl, amido, (lower alkyl)amido, C6 or C10 aryl, or C7-16 aralkyl; R2 is CH2—R20, NH—R20, O—R20 or S—R20, wherein R20 is a saturated or unsaturated C3-7 cycloalkyl or C4-10 (alkylcycloalkyl), all of which being optionally mono-, di- or tri-substituted with R21, or R20 is a C6 or C10 aryl