Abstract: A process for synthesising hydrocarbons by reacting a mixture comprising at least carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst is carried out in a three-phase reactor in which the liquid Peclet number is in the range 0 (excluded) to about 10, with a superficial gas velocity Ug that is preferably less than 35 cm.s−1, to encourage gas transfer into the liquid phase and avoid too much attrition of the catalyst grains.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises in each case one or more compounds of the general formulae I, II and IV in which the parameters are as defined in the text, and to the use thereof as a constituent of a multibottle system and in electro-optical displays, and to multibottle systems of this type and displays which contain this medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to new thienothiophene derivatives, their use as semiconductors or charge transport materials, in optical, electrooptical or electronic devices like for example organic field effect transistors (FET or OFET) for thin film transistor liquid crystal displays and integrated circuit devices such as RFID tags, electroluminescent devices in flat panel displays, and in photovoltaic and sensor devices, and to a field effect transistor, light emitting device or ID tag comprising the thienothiophene derivatives.

Abstract: Liquid crystalline media comprising a dielectrically positive component A, comprising compounds of formula I wherein the parameters have the meanings given herein, are suitable for use in liquid crystal displays, especially to active matrix displays and in particular IPS displays.

Abstract: A resist composition comprising (A) a polymer comprising recurring units having an alicyclic hydrocarbon backbone to which a carboxylate moiety capable of generating carboxylic acid when decomposed under acidic conditions is attached through a C1-C20 alkylene spacer, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) an organic solvent is sensitive to high-energy radiation, and has excellent sensitivity and resolution at a wavelength below 180 nm, and good plasma etching resistance. Because these features of the inventive resist composition enable its use particularly as a resist at the exposure wavelength of a F2 excimer laser, a finely defined pattern can easily be formed, making the resist ideal as a micropatterning material in VLSI fabrication.

Abstract: An R—Fe—B permanent magnet wherein R is Nd or a combination of Nd with a rare earth element is prepared by casting an R—Fe—B alloy, crushing the alloy in an oxygen-free atmosphere of argon, nitrogen or vacuum, effecting comminution, compaction, sintering, aging, and cutting and/or polishing the magnet to give a finished surface. The magnet is then heat treated in an argon, nitrogen or low-pressure vacuum atmosphere having a limited oxygen partial pressure, obtaining a highly oil resistant sintered permanent magnet having corrosion resistance and hydrogen barrier property even in a high pressure hot environment of refrigerant and/or lubricant as encountered in compressors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method for producing high-purity sulfuric acid for use in the semiconductor industry. The method comprises the addition of a hydrogen peroxide solution to an engineered oelum in order to reduce the SO2 concentration, evaporation of the SO3 and separation of acid traces. The high-purity SO3 is then enriched with inert gas and the SO3 is absorbed into sulfuric acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to ultrasonic contrast agents consisting of microparticles which consist of amyloses and synthetic biodegradable polymers and a gas and/or a fluid with a boiling point below 60° C., process for the preparation thereof and their use as diagnostic and therapeutic agents.

Abstract: A dopant compound of the formula IR.sup.1 -(A.sup.1 -Z.sup.1).sub.n -A.sup.2 -W Iin which ##STR1## and R.sup.1, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, Z.sup.1 n, X and R.sup.a are as defined in claim 1, and to the use thereof as chiral dopants in liquid-crystalline media for electro-optical displays, and to electro-optical displays containing such media.

Abstract: Heterocyclyloxybenzoylguanidines of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and Het have the given meanings, and also the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, exhibit antiarrhythmic properties and act as inhibitors of the cellular Na.sup.+ /H.sup.+ antiporter.

Abstract: To prepare .alpha.,.omega.-bromochloroalkanes, a cyclic ether, to which water has optionally been added, is hydrochlorinated and then the resultant phase is reacted, without any prior purification or separation, with gaseous hydrobromic acid.

Abstract: An antibacterial/antifungal inorganic matter is composited with wood by impregnating wood with a solution containing a silicon alkoxide and an antibacterial/antifungal organic silicon compound having a hydrolyzable alkoxysilyl group, and subjecting the silicon compounds within the cell walls (inter- and intracellular) spaces to hydrolysis at various temperatures and polycondensation. The same is prepared by treating wood with a siloxane oligomer and curing the oligomer. The antibacterial/antifungal component is prevented from being leached out.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which Hal is fluorine or chlorine and R is alkyl, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl, in each case having up to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention describes new, substituted 7.alpha.-(.xi.-aminoalkyl)-estratrienes of general formula I ##STR1## in which side chain SK is a radical of partial formula ##STR2## as well as their physiologically compatible addition salts with organic and inorganic acids.The new compounds represent compounds with very strong antiestrogenic action.The compounds according to the invention are, on the one hand, pure antiestrogens, or, on the other hand, antiestrogens with estrogenic partial action. Based on this spectrum of action, the new compounds are highly suitable for the production of pharmaceutical agents for tumor therapy and hormone replacement treatment.

Abstract: A flexible steam cracking process for hydrocarbon feeds comprises injection of particles with an average size of between 0.02 mm and 4 mm, at a circulation rate in indirect transfer line exchangers (4) of 20 to 180 m/s, and in a sufficient quantity to limit the increase in temperature at the outlet to the exchangers (4) to a value of less than 100.degree. C. per month, into at least one point upstream of an indirect transfer line exchanger (4), cracking zone (2) remaining in communication with downstream means (6) for the treatment of cooled effluents. At least 70% by weight of the quantity of injected particles is introduced between the outlet to the cracking zone (2) and the tubes of the indirect transfer line exchanger (4). Chemical decoking is carried out in the tubes of the cracking zone at time intervals of less than 4 months by establishing accelerated coke gasification conditions, for example by injecting compounds which catalyse gasification by steam, or by decoking in air and/or steam.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of .alpha.-hydroxyketoalkyl derivatives as light protection filters for cosmetic or pharmaceutical products, the .alpha.-hydroxyketoalkyl group being linked, if appropriate via a spacer, to a chromophoric group which has an absorption maximum in a wavelength range of between 280 and 400 nm and has a conjugated .pi.-electron system of at least 8 .pi.-electrons, and to new .alpha.-hydroxyalkyl derivatives, processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations comprising these derivatives as light protection substances.

Abstract: An air filter element for internal combustion engines includes a filter media having an inlet portion and an outlet portion positioned adjacent to one another, so that a single filter element may be used with an air filter assembly; the filter element having an inlet and an outlet openings in the same direction. The inlet and outlet portions of the filter element are sealed with a housing by a common peripheral gasket.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the alkylation of at least one isoaffin selected from the group formed by isobutane and isopentane by at least one olefin containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms per molecule in the presence of a liquid acid catalyst, the process comprising mixing a feed comprising the olefin to be converted with an effluent comprising a major portion of isoparaffin in a first mixing zone, and forming an emulsion of said catalyst in a hydrocarbon effluent comprising a major portion of isoparaffin in an emulsifying zone, said effluent constituting the continuous phase of the emulsion thus formed, then mixing a major portion of the emulsion of acid in hydrocarbon effluent with a major portion of the diluted feed comprising the olefin in a second mixing zone, followed by carrying out the majority of the reaction in a reaction zone which is supplied by the major portion of said mixture.

Abstract: A facility and a process for steam cracking include controlled injection of solid particles into a transfer line exchanger (3). The particles are injected via injection lines, numbering between 1 and 8, just upstream of an impact-diffuser (6) comprising solid surfaces disposed on either side of the line for transfer of the cracked gases to the exchanger; this impact-diffuser is located in the inlet cone (2) of the exchanger, is permeable to the gases via a plurality of passages and at least 70% opaque viewed from the transfer line.

Abstract: Dysmenorrhea, disfunctional uterine bleeding, preterm labor and postpartum labor in female mammals are treated by inhibiting uterine contractility by administering thereto a nitric oxide synthase substrate, a nitric oxide donor or both, optionally in combination with one or more of a prostaglandin inhibitor, a prostacyclin-mimetic, a progestin, an oxytocin antagonist or a .beta.-agonist in an amount effective to ameliorate the symptoms thereof; and inadequate menses treated and induction of abortion or stimulation of labor in a pregnant female is achieved by uterine contractility stimulation by administering thereto a nitric oxide inhibitor, either alone or optionally in a combination of progesterone antagonist, an oxytocin or oxytocin analogue antagonist or a prostaglandin.