Abstract: Powdered, paste, or liquid media for cleaning and/or degreasing hard surfaces, especially surfaces of organic polymers (PVC) contain active ingredients of amino acids, carboxylic acids, and nonionic surfactants, possibly supplemented by action-reinforcing auxiliaries and/or demulsifying additives. Processes using these media are also claimed.

Abstract: A process for sealing anodized metal surfaces is characterized by bringing the anodized metal into contact with an aqueous solution at a temperature from 75.degree. C. to the boiling point of the solution for a time equal to from 0.5 to 2 minutes per micrometer of anodized layer thickness. The solution contains: a) from 0.0001 to 5 g/l of one or more alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal ions and b) from 0.0005 to 0.5 g/l of one or more organic acids selected from: polycarboxylic acids with from 3 to 6 carboxyl groups; phosphonic acids; and/or polyphosphinocarboxylic acids, the solution containing a greater amount of metal ions of group a) than is needed to insure complete neutralization of the acids of group b).

Abstract: Aqueous acid treatment solution for the treatment of beverage cans, in particular of aluminum, for producing a corrosion-protective, friction-reducing coating which improves the ability to be enameled, which comprises 0.14 to 2.25 mmol/l of an alkylamine oxide or an alkylammonium salt with an alkyl radical having 8 to 22 C atoms, 0.25-1.5 mmol/l of hydroxycarboxylic acids having 4-7 C atoms, complex fluorides and mineral acids, and preferably tannin.

Abstract: A combination of (A) a nitrogen containing water soluble polymer, (B) a water insoluble film forming polymer, and (C) gas filled, polymer walled microballoons provides a superior thermally releasable coating that (i) can be conveniently and reliably coated from a water based solution and dispersion onto surfaces to be protected against painting, (ii) is reliably stable at ambient temperatures, (iii) even after being coated with many times its own thickness of accumulated paint particles, rapidly disintegrates, along with the accumulated paint coating formed on it, upon contact with hot water, into particles of a size that readily escapes from standard paint booth grate structures, (iv) detackifies any paint particles that escape during distintegration of the combined thermally releasable coating and paint residues accumulated thereon, and (v) disintegrates into particles that float on water, so that they can be readily removed from the grates by immersing the latter in hot water, allowing a few minutes for th

Abstract: A zinc phosphate conversion coating which is accelerated only with nitrogen free organic peroxides is low-polluting and able to form uniform, fine, and dense conversion coatings that exhibit an excellent paint adherence when thin and excellent lubricity/lubricant carrier quality when thick.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition containing dihydrogen phosphate salt, sulfur containing surfactant, and preferably a small amount of phosphoric acid cleans soiled metal surfaces without damaging any plastic parts that come into contact with the composition with the composition and without supporting the growth of bacteria that cause unpleasant odors. The composition is particularly useful for cleaning unpainted aluminum sided rail transport cars that have polycarbonate housings insulating electrical contact points that provide motive electric power to the cars; many conventional aqueous alkaline and acid cleaners promote stress cracking of polycarbonate plastics.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition for treating the surface of copper-containing metals is a dispersion and/or solution in water and organic solvent, at least one silane coupling agent having a functional moiety selected from vinyl, mercapto, amino and glycidyloxy moieties bonded to one carbon atom in the silane coupling agent and other epoxy moieties bonded to two adjacent carbon atoms in the silane coupling agent and at least one copper inhibitor compound selected from azoles, azines, aromatic secondary amines, and aromatic diacylhydrazides. Treatment with this composition provides excellent migration resistance, an excellent solder resistance, and a very durable adhesiveness to a variety of copper containing metal surfaces.

Abstract: Described are a concentrate, a working solution and a process for iron phosphating of metals, in which the solution contains nitrobenzene sulfonic acid and substituted short-chain monocarboxylic acids of the amino acid and/or hydroxycarboxylic acid type as the accelerators.

Abstract: Aqueous detergents that thicken when mixed with water contain a combination of at least one tertiary amine oxide, at least one alkyl polyglycoside, and at least one water-soluble organic solvent. Also disclosed is the use of these detergents for cleaning hard surfaces.

Abstract: A high quality lubricant for heavy duty service air conditioner and refrigerator compressors, especially those using chlorine free hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant working fluids, is provided by mixed esters of hindered polyols, most desirably di-pentaerythritol, usually mixed with some pentaerythritol, with a mixture of carboxylic acids including at least some of each of iso-pentanoic acid and iso-nonanoic acid.

Abstract: Treatment of aluminiferous metal surfaces with an aqueous liquid composition which has a pH value in the range from 1.8 to 4.0 and comprises (A) from 0.01 to 1.0 g/L of phosphate ions, (B) from 0.01 to 0.5 g/L, measured as its total stoichiometric equivalent as metal, of water-soluble zirconium and titanium compounds, (C) from 0.01 to 2-0 g/L, measured as fluorine, of simple and/or complex fluoride anions; and (D) from 0.01 to 2.0 g/L of water-soluble polyamides that contain at least one tertiary amino or polyoxyalkylene moiety forms a highly corrosion-resistant, strongly paint-adherent, and low friction conversion coating on the metal surface.

Abstract: To prevent the deterioration in water-resistant secondary adherence that occurs during prolonged use of a fluoride-containing phosphate conversion coating liquid composition to form a conversion coating on metal surfaces that are at least partly aluminiferous, the aluminum compound-containing sludge produced in the phosphate conversion coating liquid composition as it is used is coagulated and sedimented by adding at least one cationic polymeric coagulant to the sludge-containing phosphate conversion coating liquid composition.

Abstract: The formation on the surface of Mg-containing metal of a highly corrosion-resistant, highly rust-inhibiting, and strongly paint-adherent conversion coating, using a chromic acid free treatment bath, is achieved by treatment with a pH 2.0-5.0 aqueous bath that contains phosphoric acid, manganese ion, and amine, thereby forming a conversion coating that contains P--Mn and Mn--N and/or other nitrogen compounds.

Abstract: Equations have been developed to predict the amount of sludge formed during, and the values of several other characteristics of, zinc phosphating processes. Using these equations, novel compositions that achieve low sludge without sacrificing other characteristics of good zinc phosphate coatings have been discovered.

Abstract: A chemically and thermally stable chromate free aqueous liquid treatment for metals, especially aluminum, that imparts corrosion resistance as good as that from conventional chromate containing treatments, contains water and:(A) a component selected from the group consisting of H.sub.2 TiF.sub.6, H.sub.2 ZrF.sub.6, H.sub.2 HfF.sub.6, H.sub.2 SiF.sub.6, H.sub.2 GeF.sub.6, H.sub.2 SnF.sub.6, HBF.sub.

Abstract: Aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet is treated with an aqueous composition containing: (a) acrylic polymers or copolymers with a glass transition temperature of no greater than 0.degree. C., and (b) a water soluble zirconium compound, and dried. Preferably, the drying process is at an elevated temperature without intermediate rinsing. The coated aluminum/alloy surfaces exhibit corrosion resistance and paint adherence through a forming operation.

Abstract: Iron phosphate conversion coatings that are well adapted to serve as carriers for metal cold working lubricants, particularly such lubricants that contain polyoxyethylene adducts of long chain primary alcohols as a major lubricating component, can be formed on ferriferous surfaces within practical times such as 5 to 10 minutes by contact with an aqueous solution of almost neutralized phosphoric acid that has sufficient Free Acid and/or Total Acid content to form a heavier phosphate conversion coating than do conventional iron phosphating compositions. The phosphate conversion coating forming aqueous liquid composition advantageously also contains an accelerator component such as chlorate or hydroxylamine.

Abstract: A process for sealing anodized metals without using any heavy metals comprises a first step in which the anodized metal is contacted for a period of between 3 and 30 minutes (for an anodized layer thickness of 20 .mu.m) with an aqueous solution which has a temperature from 15.degree. to 35.degree. C. and a pH between 5.0 and 6.5 and contains from 0.1 to 3 g/l of lithium ions and from 0.1 to 5 g/l of fluoride ions and a second step in which the anodized metal is contacted for a period from 5 to 30 minutes (for an anodized layer thickness of 20 .mu.m) with water or an aqueous solution of substances which prevent the formation of a sealing coating, the solution having a pH from 5.5 to 8.5 and a temperature from 80.degree. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A zinc phosphating composition containing organoperoxide along with zinc ions and phosphate ions forms finely crystalline, dense, and thin conversion coatings on metal surfaces that are normally zinc phosphate conversion coated, even at coating temperatures below 50.degree. C. and without any "conditioning" of the surface before conversion coating by contact of the surface to be conversion coated with a conventional colloidal suspension of titanium salts.

Abstract: A solution in water of fluorometallate and phosphate anions, divalent and/or trivalent metal cations, and polyhydroxylaminomethyl substituted polymers of vinyl phenol(s) provides an effective and economical post-rinse for conversion coatings, particularly predominantly zinc phosphate coatings that also contain manganese and may contain other cations.