Abstract: A novel and inexpensive excitation circuit based on a single switch and a single source drives helium-free TEA CO2 lasers, mini to conventional types, providing low divergent output. By varying the partial pressure of either CO2 or N2, the duration (FWHM) and the peak power of the laser pulse (for a system with active volume about 70 cc) is made to vary by a factor of about 7 and about 5 respectively. The fact that expensive and scarce helium is not a constituent of the laser gas mixture makes it an ideal system for high repetition rate operation as the gas re-circulatory loop consisting of the heat exchanger and the catalytic re-converter, a mandatory requirement for conventional systems to recycle helium gas, can be readily dispensed with here. This laser can be used wherever a TEA CO2 laser with conventional gas mixture containing helium is used.

Abstract: The invention concerns a casing aggregate for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger. The invention is identified by the following characteristics: a spiral casing adapted for surround the running wheel of the turbine; a tongue-like wall part (tongue) in the inside of the spiral casing; an inlet connection; an outlet connection; a flange to connect to a bearing casing; wherein the casing aggregate is manufactured of thin-walled precision casting; wherein the casing aggregate is made of at least two parts, so that at least one separation joint is present; and the separation joint is arranged as follows: it runs in an axially perpendicular level; it runs along the apex line of the spiral casing; it extends over an arc of a circle of approximately 270 degrees; it lies outside of the area of the tongue.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for displaying a perspective image and to a display device for at least one passenger of a motor vehicle. The air of the vehicle is to guarantee by simple means a high road safety that is substantially independent of the knowledge and skills of the driver. To this end, a method for displaying a perspective image (B) with one image element (4A to 4H) for at least one passenger of a motor vehicle is provided, said image (B) representing the view of the passenger. According to the inventive method, the image element (4A to 4H) is changed in at least one size depending on the forward travel way (F), on at least one operational parameter of the motor vehicle and/or on at least one parameter of an object (6) identified in the range of the travel way (F).

Abstract: A connector system for a rod-shaped two-ended gas discharge lamp (12) with bases (20) disposed on the connector ends (16) of the discharge lamp (12) and with insert sockets (22) for receiving the bases (20) in a lamp housing (14). Each base (20) is provided with a contact pin (26) linked with a lamp electrode (36) with an insulating cylinder (28) surrounding the contact pin (26) while leaving a lateral connector opening (46) free. Each insert socket (22) is provided with a contact element (58) that can be detachably engaged with the corresponding contact pin (26) through the connector opening (46) of the pertaining base (20) and can be impinged upon with a high voltage. The insert socket is further provided with an insulating body (60) that carries the contact element (58) and covers the connector opening (46) in the connected state.

Abstract: In a thick matter pump, especially for delivering concrete, comprising two delivery cylinders, it is known to provide two position sensors in one of the two cylinders for control of the pistons. However, leakage of hydraulic fluid can lead to an imbalance of the two cylinders. In the invention two position sensors (52?, 52?) are provided, which are arranged at a defined distance from one of the ends of the drive cylinders and which respond to a drive piston (30?, 30?) that is passing by. To prevent the formation of concrete clots inside the delivery cylinders (10) and to prevent the occurrence of a slamming when the drive pistons (30?, 30?) reach their end of travel, the invention provides that both position sensors (52?, 52?) are arranged at a distance from the piston rod-side ends of both drive cylinders (24?, 24?) and, in addition, a correcting sensor (54) is arranged at a defined distance from the piston head-side end of one of the drive cylinders (24?).

Abstract: A method of producing, by one hologram original plate, hologram tape accommodating a huge number of prepaid cards having mutually different specific codes. The method of producing a hologram comprises the steps of forming an oblong two-dimensional image having random numbers in a bar-code form, preparing a hologram original image based on the two-dimensional image, winding the hologram original image around the surface of a drum(110), preparing a drum-like hologram original plate(101) having minute irregularities corresponding fringes formed on the surface of the drum(110) by an etching technique, rotating the original plate(101) on the surface of a blank sheet(120) to repeatedly transfer the minute irregular hologram original image(111) on the surface of the original plate(101) onto the blank sheet(120), cutting the original image(111)-transferred blank sheet(120) into specified lengths, cutting the blank sheet(120) into length that does not exactly divide a circumferential length of the original plate(101).

Abstract: The invention concerns an exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine, with at least one turbine arranged in the exhaust gas stream downstream of the internal combustion engine, wherein the turbine includes at least one flow channel with at least one radial flow cross-section, with a nozzle ring bordering the radial flow cross-section, wherein for the variable adjustment of the radial flow cross-section a variable guide vane is provided in this area.

Abstract: A charged internal combustion engine (1) having at least one stage of charging by a turbocharger (3), in which at least one supplemental compressor (4) is connected parallel to or in series with the turbocharger, and in which the supplemental compressor (4) has a drive independent from the working medium cycle of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reference mark, a method for recognizing reference marks and a method for object measuring. According to the invention, the object is fitted with coded reference marks. Said marks are automatically recognized and decoded by the inventive method for reference mark recognition, whereupon a three-dimensional representation of the object is realized. According to the invention, the method compensates automatically for geometrical and radiometric interferences and generates at least one quality measurement to evaluate the quality of recognition and decoding. The invention particularly enables fast recognition and decoding of large numbers of reference marks and fast measuring of objects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing cycloalkadienes using supported catalysts based on Re2O7/?-Al2O3 and also to the use of the resulting cycloalkadienes for the preparation of fragrances.

Abstract: A guiding grid of variable geometry comprises a plurality of guiding vanes in a housing in angular distances around a central axis in an axially extending vane space of a predetermined axial distance. Each vane is pivotal about an associated pivoting axis to assume different angles in relation to the central axis and, thus, to form a nozzle of variable cross-section between each pair of adjacent vanes. A nozzle ring supports the vanes around the central axis and forms a first axial limitation of the vane space. A unison ring is displaceable relative to the nozzle ring and is connected to the vanes to pivot them. An annular disk is fixed to the housing and faces the nozzle ring in an axial distance to form a second axial limitation of the vane space and a central opening. Into this opening, a sleeve may be inserted. A fixing arrangement determines the axial position of the annular disk with respect to the housing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of 15-pentadecanolide by hydrogenating 15-pentadecenolide and to its use.

Abstract: The back-up structure of a parabolic dish antenna, which supports its reflecting surface, is formed in this invention by preloading its radial and circumferentially placed straight structural members and hence it is termed as preloaded parabolic dish antenna. Such a preloading results in considerable reduction in its weight and also to the effort involved in its assembly. The back-up structure of the preloaded parabolic dish antenna is made of a central hub, an assembly of a suitable number of elastically bent radial structural members connected rigidly to the central hub and to the same number of straight structural members which are connected to the tips of the radial members at the outer rim of the dish and also to straight bracing members placed circumferentially at intermediate locations, which are all tensioned to specified prestress values in the absence of wind loading. The outermost rim members placed at the periphery of the dish form the aperture of the dish.

Abstract: Matrix particles having a perfume component and washing-active surfactant component can be used in body-cleansing compositions and housecleaning products.

Abstract: A method of making an air boost device, wherein a compressor wheel incorporated therein is re-designed to permit die inserts (20), which occupy the air passage and define the blades (4, 5) during a process of forming a wax pattern (21) of a compressor wheel, to be pulled without being impeded by the blades. This modified blade design enables the automated production of wax patterns (21) using simplified tooling. These wax patterns (21) can be used in a large-scale investment casting process, and produce an economical cast titanium compressor wheel which performs aerodynamically at high boost pressure/RPM.

Abstract: A continuous method and a heat pump device for enrichment of low-concentrated reaction mixtures resulting from the production of cycloalkanedienes by means of catalytic metathesis of cyclic aliphatic alkenes and cyclooligomers in organic reaction media with reduced energy consumption. Using the heat pump principle, liquid reaction mixtures with a content of at least 0.1 w/w % are enriched in an organic reaction medium to 30 to 50 w/w %. The organic reaction medium at temperature T1 is evaporated in an evaporator, the vapor is withdrawn and compressed to temperature T2 in a compressor, at a pressure difference of 0.25 to 1 bar. Compressed vapor of the reaction medium transfers heat energy obtained from electric energy in the heat exchanger of the evaporator to the organic reaction medium at temperature T1, and the temperature difference (T2?T1) does not exceed 12 K.

Abstract: A method for producing carbohydrate-encapsulated flavorings whose surface has been treated with an inert gas, as well as carbo-hydrate-encapsulated flavorings and the use thereof in food products, consumer articles and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to supported catalysts based on Re2O7/(—Al2O3 for use in the preparation of cycloalkadienes in a metathesis reaction, a process for preparing cycloalkadienes in the presence of these supported catalysts and also the use of the resulting cycloalkadienes for preparing fragrances.

Abstract: A system and device for providing secondary combustion for regeneration of catalyst in a catalytic converter (24) and/or for regeneration of a particulate trap (21) is provided. The secondary combustion takes place in the exducer chamber (13) of a turbine of a turbocharger (2), and generates heat for bringing a catalyst up to peak oxidation or reduction temperature, for regeneration of a catalyst, and incineration of particulates in a trap. The system takes advantage of heat and turbulence in the exducer chamber for promoting fuel/air mixture and for simplifying the amount of parts needed to incorporate a secondary combustion means into a turbocharger equipped primary combustion system (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel, industrial synthesis of 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-diazine.