Abstract: The object of the invention is to enhance the performance of an image pickup system comprising a zoom lens by developing an unheard-of design of the configuration of lens surfaces used in the zoom lens, thereby achieving wide-angle arrangements and reductions in the number of lens components used in such a way as to be compatible with various zoom lenses. A zoom lens used on the image pickup system comprises a plurality of lens groups G1 to G4 including a first lens group G1 having negative power and a second lens group G2 having positive power. For zooming, the spaces between the respective lens groups are designed to be variable. The zoom lens further comprises an aperture stop S, and at least one lens group having negative power comprises a negative lens component that is concave on its side facing the aperture stop. The aspheric surface is configured to have refracting power that decreases with an increasing distance from the axial axis of the zoom lens.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of diagnosing irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, depression, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus, or Crohn's disease, which involves detecting the presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in a human subject having at least one symptom associated with a suspected diagnosis of any of those diagnostic categories. Also disclosed is a method of treating these disorders, and other disorders caused by SIBO, that involves at least partially eradicating a SIBO condition in the human subject. The method includes administration of anti-microbial or probiotic agents, or normalizing intestinal motility by employing a prokinetic agent. The method improves symptoms, including hyperalgesia related to SIBO and disorders caused by SIBO.

Abstract: Contaminant particles travelling with a projection beam in a lithographic projection apparatus are ionized. A purge gas may be attracted towards getter plates provided upstream of the purge gas supply. A magnetic field traps electrons generated by the ionizer to improve the ionization of the purge gas. The contaminant particles can be ionized by generating a plasma in a tube having a greater length than width.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a database is prepared on the basis of the type of processing performed on the image data and a delay amount generated in the image data. The delay amount corresponding to the type of processing performed on the image data is read from the database, and delay processing is performed on sound data on the basis of the read delay amount.

Abstract: A system and method for determining the stray radiation condition of a projection system, is presented herein. The invention includes providing a detector with a detector aperture coincident with the image plane of the projection system, measuring a reference parameter in accordance with the projection beam intensity, measuring a stray radiation parameter of an image of an isolated feature and calculating a coefficient representative of the stray radiation condition of the projection system based on the measured stray radiation parameter and the reference parameter. The extent of the detector aperture fits within the extent of a notional shape, which is defined by first scaling down the shape of the feature and subsequently displacing each line element constituting the edge of the scaled down shape, parallel to itself, over a distance of at least ?/NA in a direction perpendicular to that line element.

Abstract: The invention relates to L-lysine-producing strains of corynebacteria with enhanced pyc gene (pyruvate carboxylase gene), in which strains additional genes, chosen from the group consisting of the dapA gene (dihydrodipicolinate synthase gene), the lysC gene (aspartate kinase gene), the lysE gene (lysine export carrier gene) and the dapB gene (dihydrodipicolinate reductase gene), but especially the dapA gene, are enhanced and, in particular, over-expressed, and to a process for the preparation of L-lysine.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling the direction of data flow in a memory system is provided. The system comprising memory devices, a memory controller, a buffering structure, and a data flow director. The memory controller sends data, such as read-data, write-data, address information and command information, to the memory devices and receives data from the memory devices. The buffering structure interconnects the memory device and the memory controller. The buffering structure is adapted to operate in a bi-directional manner for the direction of data flow therethrough. The data flow director, which may reside in the buffering structure, the memory controller, the memory devices, or an external device, controls the direction of data flow through the buffering structure based on the data transmitted from the memory controller or the memory device.

Abstract: An ultraviolet ray lamp includes a discharge vessel made of quartz glass, filled with a filling. A pair of electrodes is able to generate a discharge in the discharge vessel. An optical filter made of metal oxide, which is partly formed on the outer surface of the discharge vessel, transmits ultraviolet rays of long wavelength and cuts off ultraviolet rays of short wavelength. Furthermore, A device for generating ultraviolet rays includes an ultraviolet ray lamp generating ultraviolet rays including short and long wavelength, having a discharge vessel made of quartz glass. An enclosure accommodates the discharge vessel, transmitting at least ultraviolet ray of short wavelength. An optical filter made of metal oxide, which is partly formed on at least one side of the surface of the enclosure, transmits ultraviolet rays of long wavelength and cuts off ultraviolet rays of short wavelength.

Abstract: A real image mode finder optical system is constructed to be independent of a photographing optical system and includes, in order from the object side, an objective optical system with a positive refracting power, a field frame located in the proximity of the imaging position of the objective optical system, and an eyepiece optical system with a positive refracting power. The real image mode finder optical system has an image erecting means, and the focal length of the objective optical system can be made shorter than that of the eyepiece optical system. In this case, the real image mode finder optical system satisfies the following condition: 0.52<mh/fe<1 where mh is the maximum width of the field frame and fe is the focal length of the eyepiece optical system.

Abstract: A substrate provided with an alignment mark in a substantially transmissive process layer overlying the substrate, said mark comprising high reflectance areas for reflecting radiation of an alignment beam of radiation, and low reflectance areas for reflecting less radiation of the alignment beam, wherein the low reflectance areas comprise scattering structures for scattering and absorbing radiation of the alignment beam.

Abstract: A lateral semiconductor device (10) has a semiconductor layer (15) on an insulating substrate (16). The semiconductor layer (15) has a first region (12) of a first conduction type and a second region (13) of a second conduction type with a drift region (14) therebetween. The drift region (14) is provided by a third region (14?) of the first conduction type and a fourth region (14?) of the second conduction type. The third and fourth (drift) regions (14?,14?) are so arranged that when a reverse voltage bias is applied across the first and second regions (12,13) of the semiconductor layer (15), the third region (14?) has locally in the proximity of the first region (12) an excess of impurity charge relative to the fourth region (14?), and the fourth region (14?) has locally in the proximity of the second region (13) an excess of impurity charge relative to the third region (14?), and the total volume charge in the third region (14?) is substantially equal to the total volume charge in the fourth region (14?).

Abstract: A numerical controlling unit includes: an inputting part into which a machining program is inputted; an analyzing part that analyzes the machining program to generate an instructed spindle rotational speed and calculates a spindle load ratio of a load applied to a spindle under a machining condition according to the machining program to a spindle load caused when the workpiece is machined: and a distributing part that generates, based on the machining program, a distribution amount per unit period inputted into a feed-axis servo driver. A spindle-rotational-amount-command outputting part receives the instructed spindle rotational speed and outputs a spindle-rotational-amount command for commanding a rotational amount per unit period which is inputted into a spindle driver. A cutting-load-for-judgment calculating part calculates a reference torque value based on the spindle load ratio, the distribution amount, and the spindle-rotational-amount command.

Abstract: A lithographic projection apparatus includes a radiation system configured to form a beam of radiation from radiation emitted by a radiation source, as well as a support configured to hold a patterning device, which when irradiated by the beam provides the beam with a pattern. A substrate table is configured to hold a substrate, and a projection system is configured to image an irradiated portion of the patterning device onto a target portion of the substrate. The radiation system further includes an aperture at a distance from the optical axis, a reflector which is placed behind the aperture when seen from the source and a structure placed in a low radiation intensive region behind the aperture.

Abstract: An objective has lens units, each of which is constructed with single lenses, and a numerical aperture of 0.7 or more, comprising, in order from the image side, a first lens unit including a positive meniscus lens with a convex surface facing the image side, at least two negative lenses, and at least two positive lenses, and having negative power as a whole; a second lens unit including a negative lens and a positive lens so that the radius of curvature of the surface of the negative lens, adjacent to the positive lens, is smaller than that of the opposite surface thereof; a third lens unit including biconvex positive lenses and biconcave negative lenses which have different media, so that two of the biconvex positive lenses are arranged on the object side and the image side, and having positive power as a whole; and a fourth lens unit including a negative meniscus lens and at least one positive meniscus lens, and having positive power as a whole.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of inhibiting neoplastic cellular proliferation and/or transformation of mammalian cells, including cells of human origin, in vitro or in vivo. The inventive method involves the use of a composition containing a pituitary tumor transforming gene carboxy-terminal peptide (PTTG-C), which can be comprised in a chimeric protein, which has the ability to regulate endogenous pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) expression and/or function in a dominant negative manner. Kits comprising the inventive compositions are also disclosed for the treatment of neoplastic cellular proliferation in vitro or in vivo. Isolated PTTG-C peptides and PTTG-C-containing chimeric proteins are described.

Abstract: Substituted 2-phenylbenzazole compounds of formula (I) wherein X represents S or O and Q represents a direct bond, —CH2— or —CH?Ch—, exhibt selective antiproliferactive activity in respect of mammalian tumour cells. At least in preferred enbodiments the benzene ring of the benzazole nucleus has a halogen substituent, preferably flourine, and the 2-phenyl group has a 4?-amino substituent which may be conjugated with an amino acid to provide a water soluble amino acid amide prodrug or salt thereof.

Abstract: A polymeric material comprises at least one repeat unit consisting substantially of a moiety of Formula 1: in which Y1 represents N, P, S, As and/or Se. Ar1 and Ar2, which may the same or different, represent independently a multivalent, optionally substituted aromatic group, and Ar3 represents independently a mono or multivalent, optionally substituted aromatic group. At least one terminal group is attached in the polymer to the Ar1, Ar2 and optionally Ar3 groups located at the end of the polymer chains, so as to cap the polymer chains and prevent further polymer growth. At least one terminal group is derived from at least one end capping reagent used in the polymerization to form the polymeric material to control the molecular weight thereof. A charge transport material comprising such polymers is useful in electroreprographic and electroluminescent devices. These polymers may be made by controlling their molecular weight with an end capping reagent.

Abstract: A detecting circuit (REFH, CM11, LA1, TN1, RN1) which detects an overcurrent flowing through a power-MOS transistor (401) in an output stage to output a first signal (ITN1) is disposed in a first driving circuit (303H) on the side of a high-side driver. Another detecting circuit (REFL, CM21, LA2, TN2, RN2) which detects an overcurrent flowing through a power-MOS transistor (402) in the output stage to output a second signal (ITN2) is disposed in a driving circuit (303L) on the side of a low-side driver. The first signal (ITN1) is converted to a third signal (ITT2) based on a negative power supply (VPP?), by a signal converting circuit. The third signal is added to the second signal. In response to the addition signal, a pulse signal to be input to the driving circuits (303H and 303L) is blocked.

Abstract: A service information providing method of providing various pieces of service information stored in a host apparatus to a terminal apparatus connected to the host apparatus by a wire or wireless, includes the steps of registering identification information related to the terminal apparatus for receiving the service information in the host apparatus and an IC card freely detachable from a terminal apparatus, confirming whether the registered electronic device is set in the terminal apparatus represented by the registered identification information, and when it is confirmed in the confirmation step that the electronic device is set in the terminal apparatus, providing the service information stored in the host apparatus to the terminal apparatus represented by the registered identification information.