Abstract: A semiconductor memory capable of increasing the coupling ratio between a diffusion layer and a floating gate by reducing the coupling ratio between the floating gate and a control gate thereby easily performing high-speed writing with a low diffusion layer voltage is provided. This semiconductor memory comprises the floating gate, a first diffusion layer capacitively coupled with the floating gate for controlling the potential of the floating gate and the control gate arranged oppositely to the floating gate. In an erase operation, the control gate feeds a tunnel current to the floating gate in a direction substantially parallel to the main surface of a semiconductor substrate. Thus, the tunnel current can be fed by extracting carriers from the floating gate also when the control gate has no region overlapping with the upper portion of the floating gate.

Abstract: A viscoelasticity improving agent for rubber obtained by reacting an alkyllithium compound with a free radical compound having an isocyanate group in the molecule thereof and existing stably at room temperature in the presence of oxygen and a rubber composition.

Abstract: A resonant inverter circuit is provided which can be made lighter in weight and smaller in capacity. With a main circuit in steady mode, IGBT of an auxiliary circuit are controlled and the energy of an electric current is stored in a resonant inductance. Next, snubber capacitors are charged and discharged by means of an electric current. At this time, the voltages across both terminals of IGBT corresponding with the snubber capacitors being charged becomes zero, and ZVS is achieved. Furthermore, when the snubber capacitors being discharged have been completely discharged, and free wheeling diodes and IGBT corresponding with these snubber capacitors conduct, both the voltages across both terminals of the IGBT and the electric current become zero and ZVS and ZCS are achieved.

Abstract: The present invention is a memory circuit which selects N number of segments out of M number of segments (N<M) during normal reading, wherein all the M number of segments are activated during a read test in order to drive a common data bus for testing by a plurality of sense buffers in the M number of segments. For this, test signals are supplied to a column decoder, and segment select signals, for activating the M number of segments, are generated in response to the test signal. In this way, a plurality of segments in a memory bank in a select status can be simultaneously selected to execute a read test, and the efficiency of a compression read test can be improved.

Abstract: There is provided a temperature control system for a humidity sensor, which is capable of eliminating impurities attached to a sensor element of the sensor efficiently and sufficiently while preventing the sensor element from being cracked due to heat generated by a heater in a state of condensation formed thereon, and suppressing attachment of impurities to the sensor element, thereby making it possible to preserve an excellent detection accuracy of the humidity sensor. The temperature control system controls the temperature of the sensor element of the humidity sensor arranged in an exhaust pipe for detecting humidity within the exhaust pipe. A heater heats the sensor element. The temperature of the sensor element is detected. When the detected temperature of the sensor element is higher than a predetermined temperature, said heater is operated.

Abstract: A memory controlling device is controlled by a CPU to enable information to be read from memory when the memory starts an operation. The memory is capable of retaining data during a power off state and the data is loaded when the memory starts an operation.

Abstract: A semiconductor device which has a test mode for testing the semiconductor device, is provided with a circuit which generates a first signal based on dummy command signals which are input thereto a plurality of times, and generates a second signal which instructs entry to a corresponding test mode or an exit from a corresponding test mode based on an address signal and the first signal.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle includes: a metal V-belt type infinitely variable gear-change mechanism 20 whereby the rotation of an engine E is subjected to change in gear ratio, a forwards clutch 14 and a reverse brake 15 that perform engagement/disengagement control of the engine and the infinitely variable gear-change mechanism, and a second motor generator 50 capable of driving the drive wheels arranged parallel with the engine. The control device is provided with a first hydraulic pump 3 for engine drive, a second hydraulic pump 56 that is driven by an electric motor 55 for pump drive, and a forwards/reverse clutch control valve 73 that performs changeover control of supply of working hydraulic pressure to the forwards clutch 14 etc.

Abstract: In a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device, first and second dynamic reference cells are subjected to a same rewriting operation as performed to a memory cell. An average reference current is obtained from the first and second dynamic reference cells, and is compared with a current of data read from the memory cell so as to judge a level of the read data. In this configuration, the second dynamic reference cell is programmed according to a threshold value of the first dynamic reference cell.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The engine is provided with at least one fuel injection valve for injecting fuel supplied from a fuel tank into an intake pipe of the engine. The fuel injection amount is controlled by controlling the valve opening period of the at least one fuel injection valve. A pressure difference between the pressure of fuel to be supplied to the at least one fuel injection valve and the pressure in the fuel tank is controlled such that the difference is at a constant value. The pressure in the fuel tank and the pressure in the intake pipe are detected. A correction amount is calculated according to the pressure in the fuel tank and the pressure in the intake pipe, and the valve opening period of the at least one fuel injection valve is corrected using the calculated correction amount. A required amount of fuel to be supplied to the engine is calculated according to an operating condition of the engine.

Abstract: An OHC engine includes a valve operation system housed in a valve operation chamber formed between a cylinder head and a head cover joined to the cylinder head. The valve operation system includes a valve-operating cam and is cooperatively connected to an intake valve and an exhaust valve. The OHC engine also includes timing transmitting device disposed between the valve operation system and a crankshaft, the timing transmitting means including a driven wheel that rotates together with the valve-operating cam and a transmission belt that is wrapped around the driven wheel so that oil within a crankcase can accompany the transmission belt and be supplied to the valve operation chamber. The head cover is provided with an arc-form curved cover part for covering the upper part of the driven wheel.

Abstract: A method and related machine for wrapping filter-bags (1) in sealed outer envelopes (S) comprises the following steps: feeding single, plane sheets (6) to a station (7) for wrapping each sheet (6) over a corresponding filter bag (1); folding the sheet (6) into a U-shape about a transversal axis (X) of the sheet (6) itself so as to form at least two opposite wings (6a, 6b) between which the filter bag (1) is placed; rolling the longitudinal edges (8a, 8b) of the U-shaped sheet (6) so as to flatten them; and, lastly, joining at least the longitudinal edges (8a, 8b) of the U-shaped sheet (6) to form a sealed outer envelope (S) around the filter bag (1).

Abstract: A biped ambulatory robot is provided having a structure in which the electrical storage device is arranged to reduce the load on the joints (particularly the knee joints) of the leg members of the robot and to enable easy maintenance of stability of the robot posture. The electrical storage device 19 which is a power supply for operation of the robot is installed on the electrical storage device unit 16 of the torso 1 of the robot, such that the center of gravity A of the electrical storage device exists on the forward side from the center of gravity B of the robot when in a vertically-erect posture and with the electrical storage device 19 removed. In a state in which the robot stands normally on the floor F with the knee joints 14 of the leg members 2 bent forward slightly, the center of gravity C of the entire robot including the electrical storage device 19 exists substantially directly above the knee joints 14 as seen from one side of the robot.

Abstract: A natural gas engine capable of exhaust emission control over the entire temperature range and at low costs without requiring a complicated structure. An adsorbent (7) is disposed between a fuel tank (4) and a fuel supply port (5) on a suction air passage (2), and NMOG in the fuel gas supplied to the fuel tank (4) is adsorbed by the adsorbent (7) to purify the fuel gas in advance. When the temperature of a catalyst (11) disposed on an exhaust passage (3) reaches an activation temperature, the adsorbent (7) is heated by a heater (9) to a desorption temperature to desorb NMOG from the adsorbent (7) and purify the NMOG by the catalyst (11).

Abstract: To provide the fuel cell system, which can prevents the imperfect combustion of the fuel gas in combustor caused by shortage of the air exhausted from the fuel cell so that the harmful components is not contained in the exhausted gas, and can prevents the decreasing of the cell voltage by enabling drainage of the produced water from fuel cell certainly. A flow rate controller 8 is provided in the position between the air compressor 4 and the fuel cell 1 of the air supply line 6. The control unit CU is connected to the air supply line 6, and set the openings of the flow rate controller 8 as temporally wide, and a flow rate of the air supplied to the fuel cell is increased for a predetermined period of time. Then, set the opening of the flow rate controller 8 as gradually narrow, and the flow rate of the air supplied to the fuel cell is decreased gradually.

Abstract: A polymerization process in aqueous emulsion of: (I) one or more fluorinated monomers containing at least one ethylene unsaturation; (II) one or more fluorinated monomers, containing sulphonyl groups —SO2F; said process comprising the use of a surfactant having the formula: Rf—X−M+  wherein X is equal to —COO, —SO3; M is selected from H, NH4, alkaline metal; Rf represents a (per)fluoropolyether chain, preferably having number average molecular weight comprised between about 230 and about 1,800.

Abstract: An activation method of decomposition enzyme contained in a food material, wherein the food material is brought into contact with electrolyzed water to activate the decomposition enzyme thereby to enhance taste of processed foodstuffs.

Abstract: A tire wheel bearing apparatus comprises an outer member having multi rows of track surfaces integrally provided on an inner periphery, an inner member having a tire wheel mounting flange provided at one end thereof, a cylindrical small diameter step portion provided at another end thereof and double-rows of track surfaces formed on the inner wheels force fitted to the small diameter step portion so as to oppose to the track surfaces of the outer member, and double-rows of rolling elements respectively interposed between the track surfaces in the outer member and the inner member, the inner wheels being fixed to the inner member by radially outwardly caulking the end portion of the small diameter step portion of the inner member, the track surfaces in the outer member and the inner member and the rolling elements has a contact angle with a bearing clearance being set to be negative.

Abstract: First and second switches are connected at each node between adjacent resistors in a resistor row and at the end of the resistor row. A predetermined number of first switches are grouped together and short-circuited to obtain a plurality of first switch groups, and a predetermined number of second switches are grouped together and short-circuited to obtain a plurality of second switch groups. The first and second switch groups are connected to output terminals via output switches. The first and second switches are ON/OFF controlled such that only one switch in the first and second switch groups is connected to the resistance row.