Abstract: A centrifugal separator is provided for separating water out of wet steam, and comprises a first cylindrical tube and a second cylindrical tube that is coaxially disposed in the first tube. The inner diameter of the first tube is greater than the outer diameter of the second tube. Disposed in the first tube is a swirl producer that comprises a ring of swirl vanes secured onto a hub. The first and second cylindrical tubes are provided on their ends that face away from one another with a connector that is insertable into a steam line that conveys the wet steam. The first and second cylindrical tubes are sealingly surrounded by a casing that is provided with a water drain and is radially spaced from the tubes to form a separation chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a belt retractor (10) with a switchable force limiter. Said belt retractor (10) comprises as the force limiter at least one energy absorbing element (13; 14, 15; 61) that is linked with the reel shaft (12) and with the locking device of the belt retractor (10) via a profiled bead (50). The belt retractor is further provided with a switch device with which the energy absorption is adjusted. The aim of the invention is to provide a switch device that functions independent of the transmission of power between the reel shaft and the torsion bar. Said switch device (latch 21) is designed in such a manner that it can be switched at any time during the already existing energy absorption via the drive (26) that is independent of the reel shaft (12) and/or the switch device.

Abstract: A surgical instrument having at least one displacement element is provided for displacing bone parts. The apparatus includes an implantable, flat housing in which an adjusting device for the displacement element(s), embodied as bolts, is arranged. The adjusting device can be operated from outside the housing.

Abstract: An apparatus for fixing and centering substrates that are each provided with an inner hole is provided. The apparatus has a housing having an axis that extends perpendicular to the plane of a substrate placed on the apparatus. A fixation unit is guided in the housing and is introducible into the inner hole of a substrate. The fixation unit includes an outer element that is moveable along the axis of the housing and relative to the housing, and also includes an inner element that is moveable along the axis of the housing and relative to the housing and to the outer element, which, by way of a relative movement of the inner and outer elements, is expandable for engagement with the inner hole of a substrate.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide an economical and homogenous thermal treatment for substrate. To this end, the inventive device and method for thermally treating substrates, especially semiconductor wafers, comprise at least one heating device for heating at least one substrate by electromagnetic radiation. Said heating device comprises at least two arc lamps, the radiation characteristics for each arc lamp being controlled individually, and the electromagnetic radiation of the arc lamps contributing essentially to the power density of the electromagnetic radiation of the heating device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotation tensioner for a safety belt, especially for motor vehicles. Said ration tensioner comprises a belt retractor whose belt retraction pin is rotated in the belt retracting direction by means of an allocated drive when the rotation tensioner coupled to said pin is actuated. Said drive consists of a drive wheel with an external toothing for the belt retraction pin and of a channel that extends across at least part of the periphery of the drive wheel. Inertia elements are passed through said channel that are accelerated inside said channel and that engage with the external toothing of the drive wheel when the system is triggered. The invention provides a shaped element (16) that consists of an inertia body (18) and a leading finder element (17, 28) that allows a synchronous, shape-congruent insertion of the inertia elements (18) into the outer toothing (13) of the drive wheel (11).

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for delivering large containers of goods, especially warehoused goods, such as pallets, to an out-processing station or to a transfer station. The apparatus includes an inclined delivery segment that leads to the out-processing station or transfer station and that has at least two tracks arranged essentially parallel that leave an intermediate space. At least one cart is arranged in each track. The carts form a first cart pair, whereby the carts run on wheels and have a bearing surface, whereby a large container can be placed on the bearing surfaces of the cart pair. Large containers can be moved using the inventive apparatus while avoiding the disadvantages of conventional roller tracks, such as pressing rollers into the wood on the underside of pallets and thereby causing the pallets to become stuck.

Abstract: A shapeable, glycerine-free cold pack for providing cold therapy, and a method of producing the same, are provided. The pack comprises a plurality of encapsulated units, wherein a mixture of an NaCl based salt dissolved in water is encapsulated in polyacrylamide. An impermeable enclosure contains the encapsulated units or mini-gels to form the pack, which is pliable over a range of temperatures applicable to cold therapy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating substrates in a fluid container with at least one fluid and ultrasound provided. Each of two oppositely disposed walls of the fluid container are provided with at least two ultrasound radiation areas that can be respectively individually activated. The ultrasound radiation areas of one of the container walls is activated in a chronological relationship to the ultrasound radiation areas of the other container wall in such a way that oppositely disposed ultrasound radiation areas of the container walls are not activated simultaneously.

Abstract: A new neural model for direct classification, DC, is introduced for acoustic/pictorial data compression. It is based on the Adaptive Resonance Theorem and Kohonen Self Organizing Feature Map neural models. In the adaptive training of the DC model, an input data file is vectorized into a domain of same size vector subunits. The result of the training (step 10 to 34) is to cluster the input vector domain into classes of similar subunits, and develop a center of mass called a centroid for each class to be stored in a codebook (CB) table. In the compression process, which is parallel to the training (step 33), for each input subunit, we obtain the index of the closest centroid in the CB. All indices and the CB will form the compressed file, CF. In the decompression phase (steps 42 to 52), for each index in the CF, a lookup process is performed into the CB to obtain the centroid representative of the original subunit. The obtained centroid is placed in the decompressed file.

Abstract: A Coanda injector is provided, and has an inlet for a medium that is to be suctioned in. A pre-chamber having at least one inlet for receiving pressurized medium for a compressed gas line is provided, and has a nozzle slot that is preferably annular in shape. An outlet is also provided for the medium to be suctioned in and for the pressurized medium. The inlet for medium to be suctioned in, and the at least one inlet of the pre-chamber, are essentially disposed in the same plane, so that the Coanda injector can be connected directly to a compressed gas line via the at least one inlet of the pre-chamber.

Abstract: In a method for immobilizing biomolecules and affinity ligands water insoluble matrices, having amino groups and selected from test tubes, microtiter plates, microscope slides, beads, membranes, resins, and filters, are reacted with a cyclobutene carboxylic acid derivative, such as cyclobutene carboxylic acid diester, cyclobutene carboxylic acid halide, cyclobutene carboxylic acid ester halide, cyclobutene carboxylic acid dialkoxyester, and cyclobutene carboxylic acid imidazole, as an activating compound in methanol and triethylamine to form active matrices with active groups. A protein containing at least one primary or secondary amino group, is dissolved and added to the matrices. The activated matrices and the dissolved protein are incubated at pH of 7-10 and a temperature of +4° C. to +60° C. in an aqueous buffer system, free of primary and secondary amines, to thereby immobilize the protein on the matrices.

Abstract: An ink and a method are disclosed for producing waterproof- and smudge-proof markings and printing on plastic surfaces with an ink formulated to contain a low-volatile solvent with a vapor pressure of less than 20 mbar at 20° C. and a dye dissolved in the solvent which when applied to a plastic material surface absorbs the low-volatile solvent and embeds the dye into the plastic material.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine having charge stratification for portable, manually guided implements is provided. Formed in a cylinder is a combustion chamber that is delimited by a reciprocating piston that by means of a connecting rod drives a crankshaft in a crankcase. The combustion chamber has an exhaust port for exhaust gases and an intake port for rich mixture. The intake port forms one end of a feed channel, the other end of which opens into the crankcase. Between its ends, the feed channel is connected with a mixture-forming device. The crankcase has an air inlet for pure combustion air, which passes via a transfer channel from the crankcase into the combustion chamber. The intake port of the feed channel into the combustion chamber is, in the stroke direction of the piston, provided above the air inlet into the crankcase. At least a portion of the feed channel is embodied as an external component of the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, for example a two-stroke engine having scavenging collection, is provided. The combustion chamber formed in the cylinder is delimited by a reciprocating piston. A fuel/air mixture prepared in the Venturi section of a diaphragm carburetor is supplied to the engine. The air portion of the mixture is conveyed to the Venturi section via an intake channel, and the fuel portion is conveyed to the Venturi section via a main nozzle path that branches off from a fuel-filled control chamber to which fuel is supplied via a fuel line and a feed valve that is controlled by a control diaphragm that delimits the control chamber. A device is provided for varying the air portion and/or the fuel portion at full load. Connected to the device is a control unit that receives, as an input variable, an operating parameter of the engine that varies as a function of engine speed. The device is actuated as a function of the output signal of the control unit.

Abstract: A self-locking belt roller is provided and includes a belt winding shaft rotatably mountable in a housing, a profiled head, and a torsion rod which becomes operational to resist further extraction of a belt from the belt roller so as to effect thereby a first force limiting operation of the belt roller. The belt roller also includes a resistance facilitating element on the belt winding shaft or the profiled head and a deformation element for increasing the resistance force of the belt roller to further extraction of the belt either at the time before the actuation of the torsion rod to resist further belt unwinding or at the time during which the torsion rod resists further belt extraction. The deformation element is engaged by the resistance facilitating element during further rotation of the belt roller in a manner to increase the resistance of the belt roller to further extraction of the belt.

Abstract: A PC card authentication system has a PC card having a PC card housing with a plug connector at one end thereof configured to be inserted into a computer slot of a computer and to provide electrical contact with the computer. Electronic components are mounted in the PC card housing and are connected to the plug connector. A sensor is provided for detecting biometric data of a person for the purpose of authenticating the identity of a person.

Abstract: A diaphragm carburetor for an internal combustion engine is provided, and has a housing with an impulse pressure driven fuel pump. Provided in the housing is a chamber that is divided by a diaphragm into a pump chamber and a drive chamber that is acted upon by impulse pressure fluctuations during operation of the internal combustion engine. In order with the least available impulse pressure differences of the engine to effectively deflect the diaphragm in the chamber, the freely movable diaphragm surface of the diaphragm is maximized and the conveying stroke of the diaphragm is enhanced by a spring. The movable diaphragm surface assumes a major portion of the surface of the plane of separation in which the diaphragm is disposed. For this purpose, a fuel intake valve and a fuel outlet valve are spaced from the diaphragm, and in particular are removed from the plane of separation in which the diaphragm comes to rest.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, especially a two-stroke engine in manually-guided implement, is provided. A piston that is disposed in a cylinder delimits a combustion chamber and by means of a connecting rod drives a crankshaft disposed in a crankcase. A fuel/air mixture is supplied to the engine via a diaphragm carburetor, the control chamber of which is delimited by a control diaphragm that controls a feed valve. Formed on the dry side of the diaphragm is a compensation chamber that communicates via a flow path with a source of pressure that pulsates as a function of engine speed. Disposed in the flow path is a check valve. The compensation chamber is to be relieved by a pressure-regulating valve disposed in a further flow path.