Abstract: A power semiconductor device that realizes high-speed turnoff and soft switching at the same time has an n-type main semiconductor layer that includes lightly doped n-type semiconductor layers and extremely lightly doped n-type semiconductor layers arranged alternately and repeatedly between a p-type channel layer and an n+-type field stop layer, in a direction parallel to the first major surface of the n-type main semiconductor layer. A substrate used for manufacturing the semiconductor device is fabricated by forming trenches in an n-type main semiconductor layer 1 and performing ion implantation and subsequent heat treatment to form an n+-type field stop layer in the bottom of the trenches. The trenches are then filled with a semiconductor doped more lightly than the n-type main semiconductor layer for forming extremely lightly doped n-type semiconductor layers. The manufacturing method is applicable with variations to various power semiconductor devices such as IGBT's, MOSFET's and PIN diodes.

Abstract: A method of compensating for luminance of an organic light emitting diode is provided. In an embodiment, an operational current of a dummy organic light emitting diode of a color is utilized to simulate the condition that a real pixel current attenuates with time, and a feedback current is outputted accordingly. A compensating voltage is generated according to the feedback current, and is used to regulates the data current inputted to the real pixel so as to compensate for the luminance of the real pixel of the color.

Abstract: A suspension spring and a double-rod damper are installed in the interior of a front fork which comprises a body-side tube and a wheel-side tube. The double-rod damper comprises a piston housed in a cylinder, and an upper rod and a lower rod connected to the piston. The upper rod is formed to have a smaller diameter than the lower rod. By providing an orifice which allows working oil in an upper oil chamber formed around the upper rod to flow into a reservoir while causing the pressure in the upper oil chamber to increase, expansion and contraction of air bubbles mixed into working oil in the cylinder is prevented, thereby improving the response of a damping force generated in the front fork.

Abstract: A facsimile machine receives image data, generates a password for received image data, assigns the generated password to the received image data, and stores the received image data. Information indicating a notification destination is extracted from the received image data, and the notification destination is notified of the password. The received image data are output responsive to subsequent input of the password at the facsimile machine. This scheme provides password protection without forcing users to register and remember passwords, and without the risk that a compromised password may be used for unauthorized output of facsimile data received later.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor memory device including: plural memory cells; a selection signal outputting section; a first precharging section that precharges a potential of a data line that outputs, to an exterior, a signal of a level corresponding to data stored in the memory cell; and a bit line selecting section that has, per bit line, a bit line selecting section that comprises (1) a second precharging section, (2) a potential lowering section, and (3) a third precharging section connected to the bit line selection line and the bit line between the second precharging section and a connection point at which the potential lowering section is connected to the bit line, and when the non-selection signal is inputted, the third precharging section precharges the bit line between the second precharging section and the connection point at which the potential lowering section is connected to the bit line.

Abstract: On Chip Smart Card verification of a cardholder using biometrics such as a fingerprint and consequent enablement of a card operating system, having an additional software layer boot prior to the commercial card operating system booting. This software layer, or boot loader, provides the drivers and functionality for the finger print sensor and on-card matching. If the cardholder is successfully authenticated, the unmodified commercial OS is then allowed to boot. If the cardholder does not authenticate with the boot loader then the card does not boot the card operating system and thus cannot be used for financial transactions.

Abstract: A personal authentication method and device capable of creating iris information enabling personal authentication even if the iris image shows light reflection.

Abstract: Provided is a field emission lamp (FEL), which includes a plurality of cathode electrodes formed above a first substrate, an anode electrode formed under a second substrate to face the cathode electrode, a fluorescent layer composed of red, green and blue (RGB) patterns formed alternately on the anode electrode in an oblique direction, and a plurality of emitters formed on the cathode electrodes to correspond to the RGB patterns. According to the present invention, as an FEL having a fast response time is used as a backlight unit, a color breaking phenomenon can be prevented in a color sequential driving method.

Abstract: A fan with concealed oscillating mechanism includes a main housing, a first driving motor, a second driving motor and a curved link gear all located inside the main housing, and a set of blades located outside the main housing and connected to a rotating shaft of the first driving motor. The first driving motor has a connecting rod rotatably received in a receiving tube provided in the main housing. The second driving motor is located behind and connected to the first driving motor, and has a rotating shaft being perpendicular to that of the first driving motor. The curved link gear is connected at an end to the second rotating shaft and at another end to the main housing, such that when the second driving motor operates, the first driving motor is brought to oscillate while the set of blades stably rotates to thereby change the direction of produced airflow.

Abstract: A code division multiplex (CDM) communication system transmits frames including a preamble and its end bit pattern followed by a CDM signal and its end bit pattern in respective time slots. A clock recovery device at the receiving end recovers a clock signal from the preamble during the preamble time slot and continues to output the clock signal in free run mode during the CDM signal time slot. The clock signal is used to gate the output of a decoder that decodes the received signal, so that the decoded CDM signal is output as a received data signal. The preamble is a bi-level signal, so an ordinary clock recovery device can be used.

Abstract: Provided is a field effect transistor including a graphene channel layer, and capable of increasing an on/off ratio of an operating current by using the graphene of the graphene channel layer. The field effect transistor includes: a substrate; the graphene channel layer which is disposed on a portion of the substrate and includes graphene; a first electrode disposed on a first region of the graphene channel layer and a portion of the substrate; an interlayer disposed on a second region of the graphene channel layer, which is apart from the first region, and a portion of the substrate; a second electrode disposed on the interlayer; a gate insulation layer disposed on a portion of the graphene channel layer, the first electrode, and the second electrode; and a gate electrode disposed on a portion of the gate insulation layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatuses for allowing additional tail call optimizations. The compiler generates both optimized and non-optimized code for tail call candidates. At a later time when there is more information (e.g. regarding program bounds), a decision and a modification to the executable code is made, implementing one of the two earlier codes.

Abstract: Provided are a ZnO-based thin film and a ZnO-based semiconductor device which allow: reduction in a burden on a manufacturing apparatus; improvement of controllability and reproducibility of doping; and obtaining p-type conduction without changing a crystalline structure. In order to be formed into a p-type ZnO-based thin film, a ZnO-based thin film is formed by employing as a basic structure a superlattice structure of a MgZnO/ZnO super lattice layer 3. This superlattice component is formed with a laminated structure which includes acceptor-doped MgZnO layers 3b and acceptor-doped ZnO layers 3a. Hence, it is possible to improve controllability and reproducibility of the doping, and to prevent a change in a crystalline structure due to a doping material.

Abstract: A single-cylinder or in-line multi-cylinder engine is provided. The engine includes a crankshaft, a piston, a cylinder body, a cylinder head, and a gear change mechanism. The piston is connected to the crankshaft. A cylinder is formed in the cylinder body. The piston is housed in the cylinder. The cylinder head is attached to an end of the cylinder body. The gear change mechanism is disposed to the rear of the crankshaft. An axis of the cylinder extends upward obliquely to the rear from the crankshaft side. The axis of the cylinder passes in front of an axis of the crankshaft when viewed from a direction in which the crankshaft extends.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of generating time-division multiplexed encoded transmission signals, including encoding optical pulse signals for each of a plural multiplexed channels and generating a transmission signal for each channel, performing time division multiplexing on first and second transmission signals and generating a 2-channel multiplexed signal modulating the multiplexed signal with a modulation signal having a frequency of (F??f) Hz, detecting a strength of a ?f Hz frequency component of the multiplexed signal changing a time delay amount of the second transmission signal with respect to the first transmission signal, and determining a time delay amount at which a strength of the ?f Hz frequency component is minimized and adjusting the transmission signals of the individual channels such that they are arranged at equidistant intervals on a time axis.

Abstract: A device for the online determination of the contents of a substance having a gamma-radiating isotope, which includes at least one detector, which measures the natural gamma radiation of said isotope. In order to be able to easily calibrate the device, a measurement is carried out at the same location for determining the surface dimensions of the substance within the detection region of the detector or of a representative partial region.

Abstract: An inventive semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor layer; a drift region of a first conductivity type provided in the semiconductor layer; a body region of a second conductivity type provided on the drift region in the semiconductor layer; a trench extending from a surface of the body region in the semiconductor layer with its bottom located in the drift region; a gate insulation film provided on an interior surface of the trench; a gate electrode provided in the trench with the intervention of the gate insulation film; a source region of the first conductivity type provided in the surface of the body region; a first impurity region of the second conductivity type provided around the bottom of the trench in spaced relation from the body region; and a second impurity region of the second conductivity type provided on a lateral side of the body region in the semiconductor layer, the second impurity region being isolated from the body region and electrically connected to the first impurity region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flexible energy conversion device, comprising a first flexible substrate, a transparent electrode disposed on the first flexible substrate, a first nanostructure disposed on the transparent electrode and comprising a transition metal oxide or semi-metal oxide, a second nanostructure disposed on the first nanostructure, a second flexible substrate disposed on the second nanostructure, and a sealing layer for sealing the first flexible substrate an the second flexible substrate. A method of manufacturing the flexible energy conversion device is also provided.

Abstract: An encoding apparatus includes a systematic encoder that generates information bits and parity bits, both of which are transmitted selectively to a decoding apparatus. At certain points, sufficient bit data are transmitted to identify the state of the systematic encoder. The decoding apparatus partitions the received bits at these identifiable points, and processes each partition separately by predicting the information bits, modifying the predicted information bits according to the received information bits, and using the parity bits to correct errors in the resulting information bits. In video coding, this partitioning scheme can deal flexibly with multiple image formats without requiring extra decoding circuitry. With a parallel decoding apparatus, the number of decoding units operating concurrently can be changed flexibly. The error correcting capability of the decoding apparatus is also improved.