Abstract: A clock generating apparatus and method for generating clock signals of different frequency. The clock generating apparatus and method receives and divides a main clock signal to obtain a reference clock signal. Then, the reference clock signal and the first feedback clock signal are phase-locked to obtain the first clock signal. Moreover, the reference clock signal and the second feedback clock signal are phase-locked to obtain the second clock signal. The reset signal and the first clock signal are received by a divider. The divider then outputs the first feedback clock signal. Another divider receives the reset signal and the second clock signal and then outputs the second feedback clock signal.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for oscillometric blood-pressure measurement taking heart pulses for reference to determine the systolic and diastolic pressure are disclosed. The cuff is merely inflated to a cuff pressure above the mean arterial pressure of the artery. Therefore, the inflation pressure of the cuff to be pumped much higher than the normal systolic pressure of the conventional method can be prevented. A comfortable systolic and diastolic pressure determination method applying fuzzy control is achieved.

Abstract: An electrode pad, a surface protection film, an inter-layer insulation film, an undercoat metal layer, and a rewiring layer are formed in that order on top of an insulation film formed on a wafer. A liquid photosensitive resin film and a solid photosensitive resin film, having negative photosensitive property, respectively, are sequentially formed across the entire surface of the wafer. The liquid photosensitive resin film is made of a resin having weaker adhesion with the undercoat metal layer than that of a resin for the solid photosensitive resin film. The liquid photosensitive resin film and the solid photosensitive resin film are subjected to exposure and development, thereby forming an opening for forming a bump electrode therein, and the bump electrode is formed inside the opening for forming the bump electrode. Practically at the same time when the liquid photosensitive resin film is removed by use of a removing solvent, the solid photosensitive resin film is peeled off and removed.

Abstract: A capillary is prevented from contacting an adjacent wire when bonding a given wire to an electrode pad on a semiconductor element, and can increase a compression bonding area when bonding the given wire to a post portion. The capillary has a set load for wire bonding greater than an urging force of a spring. A small-diameter portion is accommodated in an accommodating portion of the capillary main body, and an end face of the end of the capillary main body and an end surface of the small-diameter portion substantially align when the given wire is bonded to the post portion. The compression bonding portion therefore has substantially the same area as that formed by bonding using a normal capillary. Accordingly, the bonding strength of the post portion increases. Even if a semiconductor device has a multi-pin structure and is formed as a large-sized package, the post portion can withstand stress acting thereon at the time of resin-sealing for the semiconductor element.

Abstract: The characteristics of a radio channel is estimated over which pilot signals are transmitted consecutively together with TPC signals in the cdma2000 system. From the pilot signals demodulated into baseband signals, obtained are correlated values of a field of the pilot signals preceding the TPC field and of the TPC signals with the spread spectrum codes. Both of the correlated values are operated to determine data represented by the TPC signals. The data thus determined are removed from the TPC signals to restore the pilot signals which would have appeared unless multiplied with the spread spectrum codes in the TPC bit field. The characteristics of the radio channel are estimated from the pilot signals including the TPC bit field from which the data determined have been removed.

Abstract: A VLSI package assembly comprising a package substrate carrying thereon an IC chip, a mother board supporting thereon the package substrate, and a connection means for providing electric connection between the substrate and the mother board. The connections means has a high durability against stresses thereby to keep its electric connection even in the face of difference in thermal expansions appearing within the package substrate and mother board.

Abstract: A level adjustment circuit of the present invention includes a MOS transistor for pulling up an output node, a first inverter for inputting an output data signal and outputting a gate control signal for controlling a gate electrode of the MOS transistor, and a second inverter connected to the MOS transistor between the first and second electrodes for imputing the first node obtained based on the output data signal, and outputting the output node.

Abstract: A radio communication system such as a mobile communication system is provided which establishes communications between a main transmission unit and sub-transmission units. The main transmission unit transmits to the sub-transmission units simultaneously a frame including a data slot to which paging data on a call made by one of the sub-transmission units to another is added and a preamble to which a bit stream to be subjected to double spreading is added for informing the sub-transmission units of a call request. Each of the sub-transmission units includes a reproducing circuit reproducing the paging data of the received frame. The reproducing circuit is allowed to operate only when the preamble of the received frame indicates the presence of the paging data.

Abstract: To perform fastening work quickly while performing positive fastening, in a fastening clamp for a joint portion of oblong hoses, a strip-like leaf spring material is rolled into an oblong shape, a cutaway is provided in a circumferential direction on one end side, the other end side is formed into a thin shape so as to insert into the cutaway, one end side and the other end side are caused to intersect with each other to be curved inwardly from an inner circumferential surface, respectively, and end portions thereof are bent outwardly in a radial direction to project from an outer circumference thereof.

Abstract: A table matching method for multiplication of elements in Galois Field. First, a table of the byte value in Galois Field and the corresponding exponent is formed in the hardware. To perform the multiplication between two elements in the Galois Field, the corresponding exponents of the two elements are found out in advance. The two exponents are then added up to obtain a sum. Then, by using the table, a corresponding byte value of the sum can be obtained. The byte value is the product of the two elements in the Galois Field.

Abstract: An external expansion apparatus for a portable computer is provided. The expansion apparatus is detachably connected via a cable to the portable computer for providing functional expansion for the portable computer when connected to the portable computer. The expansion apparatus includes a box body having a plurality of accommodating rooms. Each of the plurality of the rooms is for accommodating one of detachable expansion units of different types. The expansion apparatus also includes a communication control circuit for controlling the communication between the portable computer. In particular, because each of the plurality of expansion units is formed a module, the expansion apparatus can provides users with multiple choices and a great degree of convenience for the functional expansion of the portable computer. In the invention, one of the inserted expansion units can be a data storage device, or a modem, or an optical-disk drive device, etc.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a TV system discriminator capable of being applied to when the inputted TV signal is an analog signal or a digital signal, and capable of accurately discriminating between TV systems with small differences in line number and field number. In order to achieve the above object, the TV system discriminator of the present invention comprises a separator for extracting a synchronized signal for a TV signal inputted in accordance with one of a plurality of TV systems, a phase difference sensor for sensing a phase difference of this separated synchronized signal and a prescribed reference signal, and a phase difference displacement discriminator for discriminating a TV system corresponding to an inputted TV signal based on the direction of temporal displacement of this phase difference.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor capacitor. In the semiconductor capacitor manufacturing method, an amorphous film composed of non-doped silicon is formed. The amorphous film is changed to a lower film having projections and depressions defined in the surface thereof by heat treatment. An amorphous film composed of impurity-doped silicon is formed over the surface of the lower film. Further, the amorphous film composed of the impurity-doped silicon is changed to an upper film having projections and depressions defined in the surface thereof by heat treatment with the projections and depressions provided over the surface of the lower film as a basis. The semiconductor capacitor is equipped with an electrode having the lower film and the upper film.