Abstract: Only the areas of the CdTe/HgCdTe interface of a FPA detector circuit which is coupled by an epoxy to a silicon-based integrated circuit that require interdiffusing are heated to a sufficiently high temperature or have photons of light impinging thereon for a sufficient time to cause interdiffusion of the two layers by the travel of tellurium into the HgCdTe and the travel of mercury into the CdTe. The vast majority of the wafer is masked with an aluminum thin film to greatly reduce heat gain or photon transmission. An advantage of the process in accordance with the present invention is that only a very small fraction of the HgCdTe/epoxy/silicon-based integrated circuit wafer receives incoming energy during interdiffusion whereby problems caused by the differences in coefficient of thermal expansion between silicon and HgCdTe at the epoxy interface are minimized.

Abstract: Generally U-shaped contact elements (11) mounted in a socket body (2) each has a flexible portion (13), a generally U-shaped bent portion (14) which bends approximately 180.degree. and a contact portion (15). A head (31) which supports an IC package (21) moves toward the main socket body (2) to mount the IC package (21) in socket (1). Immediately before reaching the mounting position of the IC package, an arm (9) of a lever (7), rotatably journaled in the socket body (2), is pushed by head (31) rotating lever (7). Arm (10) of lever (7), sandwiched between the contact flexible portion (13) and the lower end of the contact portion (15), rotates therewith pressing contact portions (15) against leads (26) of the IC package, thereby effecting an electric connection between the two.

Abstract: A pulse transformer circuit which comprises a transformer core having a plurality of individual primary windings and a secondary winding, a plurality of preferably single turn primary circuits, each primary circuit coupled to a different one of the primary windings. Each primary circuit comprises a switch in series with the primary winding, a capacitor coupled across the primary winding and the switch and a voltage source coupled across the capacitor. A load circuit is coupled across said secondary winding. The switch is a semiconductor device having a control electrode and a current carrying path coupled to the primary winding and controlled by the control electrode. A clamp circuit can be coupled to the load circuit to minimize voltage overshoot in the secondary winding.

Abstract: A pressure switch particularly adapted for use with high pressure fluid is shown having a frusto-conical support surface in the form of a protuberance (121, 121') formed at the center of a surface of a piston guide member (12, 12'). A stretchable diaphragm cap member (14, 14') generally in the shape of an inverted V is closely fitted on the protuberance (121, 121') of the piston guide member (12, 12') as well as the head (111b) of a piston member (111, 111') received in and projecting out of bore (120, 120'a) formed centrally through protuberance (121, 121'). The outer thickened peripheral berm (143, 14'a) of the cap member (14, 14') is inserted into a recess (102e, 102'e) in the wall defining an enlarged portion of the bore (102) which in turn opens to a cavity (103, 103') of the upper housing (10, 10') in which piston guide member (12, 12') is disposed. The cap member (14, 14') serves to seal the fluid passage side of the switch from the remainder of the switch.

Abstract: A socket with a base 10 and a cover member 20 rotable with respect to the base 10 for use especially in a burn-in test of an electrical part 100 with a narrow pitch between leads 100a of the electrical part which has a holding cover 27 within the cover 20 which is rotable and pivotable and a plurality of thin insulating sheet members 15 positioned between a plurality of contacts 14 contained in the base 10 to insure reliable operation.

Abstract: A dual frequency cavity backed slot antenna and method of tuning the antenna, wherein the antenna comprises a plurality of stacked layers including a layer having a substrate with an accessible surface, the surface including thereon a continuous slot, first electrically conductive metallization disposed within the slot and extending to the slot, second electrically conductive metallization disposed external to the slot and at least one pair of frequency adjusting tabs, one tab coupled to the first metallization and the other tab coupled to the second metallization. The tabs are electrically conductive metallization, the tab coupled to said first metallization extending outwardly toward the second metallization and the tab coupled to the second metallization extending inwardly toward the first metallization. A slot is provided between the tab coupled to the second metallization and the second metallization. Each tab of a pair is coaxial with the other tab of the pair and symmetrical about the axis.

Abstract: A micro-optical shutter array (92, 102) having a number of tiny shutters (10), which revolve so as to intermittently block light from a via (12), and which may be operated in either a stepping or continuous motion. The array (92, 102) may be batch manufactured using integrated circuit fabrication techniques. For each shutter, a via (12) is etched through a substrate (11). A rotor (13, 43, 53, 63) with at least one opening is fabricated over the via (12), such that as the rotor (13, 43, 53, 63) turns, radiation transmitted through the via (12) is selectively blocked or not blocked.

Abstract: A miniature aircraft type circuit breaker (10') has a threaded mounting bushing (18) in which a push button (20) is slidably received. Push button (20) is coupled to a movable contact arm (24) to move a movable electrical contact (26) into and out of engagement with a stationary electrical contact (28). A flexible fluid splash barrier sleeve (32) is telescopically received on a reduced diameter portion (34) of push button (20) above a white indicator portion (30) of the push button and has a lower distal end portion (36) which engages an annular top surface (38) of the bushing when push button (20) is depressed to bring the electrical contacts into engagement. Adhesive material may be used to affix the barrier sleeve to the reduced diameter portion (34) which optionally can have a roughened surface to enhance adhesion.

Abstract: A processing unit (13) for providing secondary images in a video display system (10) in accordance with a choice of scaling ratios. The processing unit (13) scales the luminance component of an analog input signal by first using an analog low pass filter (22) for anti-aliasing, and then sampling (23) the data at a rate appropriate for the selected scaling ratio. The sampled data is processed by a digital filter (24), on a line-by-line basis, which provides weighted average values derived from the sampled data, on a line-by-line basis. A formatter (25) combines sampled chrominance data with the filtered luminance data, and selects lines for inclusion in the secondary image.

Abstract: A method of fabricating micro-mechanical devices that use support elements (13) raised from a substrate (15), to support moveable elements (11). First, support elements (13) having reflective top surfaces (31) are fabricated. A layer of photoresist material (41) is then deposited over the support elements (13), to a thickness that substantially covers their reflective top surfaces (31). The photoresist layer (41) is exposed, which results in the areas (61) over the support elements (13) being more highly exposed than the areas (62) between the support elements (13). This permits a subsequent developing step that can be controlled to the purpose of removing the photoresist between the support elements (13) to a height planar with the reflective top surfaces of the support elements, while guaranteeing that the photoresist will be removed over the support elements (13).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for spatial modulation in the cross-process direction. A spatial light modulator includes an array (12) of individual elements. Light from a light source (14) is reflected from these individual elements onto phases of pixels (20 and 54) of an organic photoconductive drum (16) thereby determining the gray shade of that pixel. The light from the individual elements may be focused through optics (18).

Abstract: A nondispersive infrared gas analyzer 10 for indicating the concentration of a selected gas uses a source of radiation 12 to supply radiation to a gas sample chamber 14. The gas chamber 14 functions as an optical channel for transmitting radiation from the source of radiation 12 to both a gas sensing detector 22 and reference detector 24. An inner surface 36 of the gas chamber 14 is an optical reflective surface for the chamber and has a constantly changing irregular profile to greatly enhance optical scattering of the radiation falling on it to provide an uniform disperse radiation output to the detectors 22, 24. Additionally, the source of radiation 12 is chosen to provide radiation which is defocused to further help in attaining homogenous radiation output from the gas sample chamber 14 to the detectors 22, 24.

Abstract: A sequential color system is provided in which a processor (22) is coupled to a memory (24) and a receiver (27). Images are generated by shining light from a light source (28) through a color wheel (30) and onto DMD array (26). Light from the DMD array (26) is shone on screen (32). By adjusting the speed and make-up of color wheel (30) color separation is greatly reduced or eliminated. Also there are techniques for sequential imaging which may be applied to other technologies, such as CRT technologies.

Abstract: A method for reducing sticking between contacting elements in a micromechanical device is disclosed. In addition, a micromechanical device is disclosed wherein the elements of the device are less likely to stick. The method for reducing sticking in a micromechanical device (10) comprises forming a protective layer (26) on a first contact element (14) to reduce the likelihood of a first contacting element (14) sticking to another contacting element (20). The protective layer (26) may be formed of a fluoro-polymer such as Teflon-AF.

Abstract: A solid state power controller for switching power on and off to an electrical load which also serves as a circuit protection device protecting the load and/or the wire connected between the load output terminal of the controller and ground from thermal damage due to current overload is shown. When a current overload exists the controller interrupts current to the load in a time inversely proportional to the square of the magnitude of the overload as shown in a trip time vs load current curve. The controller also limits the load current to a selected maximum level by controlling the drain-source resistance of power MOSFETs used for switching the power. A secondary interrupt is provided in the event that the junction temperature of the MOSFETs has risen a selected maximum level. A thermal memory feature is included for both interrupt signals. The controller is controlled by a single on/off input line and provides both a status and trip output line to indicate its state.

Abstract: An SLM-based video receiver (10) receives a video input on a field-by-field basis at a signal interface unit (11) and passes the input to a processor (12). The processor (12) performs analog-to-digital conversion if the pixel data is analog and also performs other enhancements to prepare the pixel data for loading into a video memory (14). Pixel data from the processor (12), representing a field of pixel data, is stored into the memory (14) for loading into rows of pixel elements of a spatial light modulator (16). The spatial light modulator (16) receives the pixel data in rows. The addressing functions of the spatial light modulator (16) are used to generate additional display rows of pixel data per field. Thus, the SLM-based video receiver (10) displays a video frame having more lines than the field of pixel data.

Abstract: An electric switch used with motor vehicle transmissions is shown in which the switch arm (22') is mounted on a manual shaft (30) to be movable therewith and is received in a housing (44) which has an end freely rotatable about the manual shaft and an opposite end coupled to the detent lever roller (16). Ingress of debris into the housing is prevented, in one embodiment, by annular sealing elements (54, 56) formed of resilient material and having a curved surface extending in a radial direction disposed around the manual shaft (30) on either side of the switch arm between the switch arm and the housing. In a second embodiment a single annular sealing element (56) is used on one side of the switch arm (22") and the switch arm (22") on its opposite side and the base (12") of the housing are formed with matching curved surfaces (27, 29).

Abstract: A method of forming enclosures for microwave and hybrid devices and the enclosure itself wherein the metals to be joined are thin (i.e., less than 40 mils thick) and/or thick (up to several inches) and wherein metallurgical hermetic bonds are provided between adjacent metals which are generally difficult to bond to each other and may be bonded by a select number of bonding processes.

Abstract: A monolithic capacitive pressure transducer (12, 12') is made by separately forming under pressure a diaphragm (22, 22') and a base (24, 24') having a recess (14) in the top surface using ceramic powder coated with an organic binder. Metal layers are deposited on the two pieces and the pieces are then joined together to form a single unit. A spacer (36) may be inserted in the recess to ensure that a predetermined gap is maintained between the two parts during the joining operation. The parts are then heated to allow the binder organics, as well as the spacer organics if a spacer is employed, to be vaporized and/or decomposed and removed through the open pores of the diaphragm and base and then sintered to change the parts into a monolithic body and to convert the metallized layer into a conductive layer bonded to the ceramic.

Abstract: A cold shield having an evacuated enclosure having a first aperture therein for transmission of radiations and a baffle disposed within the enclosure having a second aperture larger than the first aperture and aligned with the first aperture and having a detector disposed on a surface thereof opposite the second window. The first aperture includes a radiation transmissive member and a radiation opaque member disposed on the surface of the radiation transmissive member and external to the evacuated enclosure. A radiation band pass filter is disposed on the radiation transmissive member. The interior of the baffle is coated with an absorptive low reflecting material and the exterior surface of the baffle opposing the first aperture is coated with an absorptive low reflecting material.