Abstract: A coding apparatus is disclosed, in which coding can be achieved by simply storing, in a memory, the results of necessary coding operations including the feedback of the quantization error and reading out the data from an address of the memory specified by input data. Consequently, an encoded code can be obtained at a far higher speed than in a case where operations are performed by individual operation circuits for coding and decoding.

Abstract: A portable telephone system is disclosed in which a plurality of i-th class exchanges, which accommodate key service units of a plurality of portable telephone sets present in each service area, and at least one (i+1)th class exchange which accommodates the plurality of i-th class exchanges through junction lines, are stratified to form an exchange system so that i=1, 2, 3, . . . , and so that the (i+1)th class exchange covers all service areas. The exchange system has a function whereby information which specifies the home area of each portable telephone set and the portable telephone set in distinction from each other is registered in the i-th class exchange and the (i+1)th class exchange, which administer the home area.

Abstract: The sleep-apnea syndrome is classified into a so-called central type caused by an abnormality in the respiratory center, an obstructive type by an upper airway obstruction, and a mixed type by a combination thereof. Among the rest, the obstructive type is often observed clinically and is considered to be caused by a morphological abnormality in the upper airway tract, such as tonsillar hypertrophy or micrognathia, or by a tonus of the upper airway muscle for broadening the airway. The inventors of this application have clarified by experiments that the upper airway can be recovered from obstruction which causes apnea stimulating the genioglossus, which is one of the dilator muscles of the upper airway, with pulses of a frequency of 40 to 150 Hz, a peak value of 1 to 50 volts and a rise-up time constant of 0.

Abstract: A speech coding circuit is disclosed, which comprises a PCM encoder for converting an analog input into a digital output, and a speech coder with voice activity detector which encodes the digital output from the PCM encoder into speech coding data and detects whether the analog input is voice active or non-active, for each period, and then outputs a speech detection flag indicating whether the analog input is voice active or non-active. A power comparator compares the power of the analog input with a predetermined power threshold value and outputs a level detection flag indicating voice activity or non-activity, depending on whether the power of the analog input is greater or smaller than the power threshold value. A mode switch receives the level detection flag indicating voice activity or non-activity and applies to the PCM encoder and the speech coder a mode control signal which puts them into an activated mode or a sleep mode.

Abstract: A new series of benzofuran and benzothiophene derivatives are disclosed. These compounds have a structure which can be obtained by substituting the third position of 2-lower alkyl-benzofuran or 2-lower alkyl-benzothiophene with a substituted benzene derivative, itaconic acid derivative or a substituted phenoxymethyl tetrazole derivative. They are useful as diuretics without side effects of elevating serum uric acid levels and can be used in the treatment of hyperuricemia.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp cover molded as a unitary hollow structure made of light-transparent synthetic acrylic resin having an opening for receiving the fluorescent lamp in the interior of the cover. A prismatic diffuser plate of the lamp cover has an interior flat major side surface and on an opposite side surface of the plate an exterior major side surface having a pattern of adjacent pyramidal projections having flat sides through which the illumination light energy from the fluorescent lamp incident on the interior flat major side surface passes outwardly of the cover. The pyramidal projections are of two types and each have an apex which defines the outermost exterior point of the corresponding pyramidal projection.

Abstract: A screw extruder has a feed roller which is parallel to and spaced laterally from the screw, a hopper feeds the material to be extruded to the screw and feed roller and to the space between them. A knife scrapes material from the feed roller to keep it clear. In one embodiment, the knife is pivotally supported by a knife holder disposed below the feed roller and is pulled against the feed roller by a spring-loaded link which is pivotally attached to a median portion of the blade. In another embodiment, the knife is a flexible spring blade. A protuberance on a knife-holding plate limits flexing of the blade by pressure of material in the space between the screw and the feed roller. In a further embodiment, a photo-cell scans a rear side of the feed roller and controls a servo-motor for drawing the knife against the feed roller.

Abstract: Bipolar electrode for an electrolyser of the series type, comprising two metal plates (1, 2) arranged in parallel facing each other, an electrically conductive solid mass (3) maintained under pressure between the two plates and a means for heating the solid mass to a temperature which is at least equal to its flow temperature. The bipolar electrode is suitable for electrolysers of the series type, in which sodium chlorate and hydrogen are produced by electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride solutions.

Abstract: Oral pharmaceutical compositions in unit dosage form, especially capsules, comprising solid Colloidal Bismuth Subcitrate (CBS), optionally one or more auxilliary medicaments and excipients, the dosage units having a packing density of between 0.06 and 0.60 grams of CBS per ml.

Abstract: Verdure is installed on buildings by stacking bags made of unwoven polyester fabric and filled with synthetic light-weight soil against the outer wall of the building, or against the outside of a window that is to be blocked out. The bags are stacked several bags high and are retained by a stainless steel lattice. The roots of coniferous evergreen plants are inserted between the bags and grow into the soil in the bags. The plants grow outside the lattice and cling to the lattice to form greenery covering the side of the building or the window.

Abstract: A cable made up of a plurality of conductors twisted together is drawn through the extrusion head of an extruder which applies a sheath of plastic or elastomeric material to the cable. From the extruder, the cable passes through a tube having a heated section in which the sheath material is cured followed by a cooling section. The sheathed cable is rotated about its axis to twist the cable. Guide wheels over which the cable passes have on their circumferences a multiplicity of pairs of rollers which are engaged by the cable and have their axes tangential to the circumference of the wheel so as to support the cable while permitting rotation of the cable about its axis. In one embodiment, a device for drawing the cable from the extruder, while twisting it, has a pair of endless belts which grip the cable between them and a motor for driving the belts. The belts and driving motor are mounted in a motor driven rotatable cage which rotates about the axis of the cable.

Abstract: Derivatives of cyclic guanidine are disclosed, which are represented by the following formula:A--S--Rwherein A is ##STR1## R.sub.1 represent a lower alkyl or substituted phenyl or unsubstituted phenyl group; R.sub.2 is a lower alkyl; R.sub.3 is H or a lower alkyl; R is lower alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkanoyl, alkenoyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, cyanoalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxylalkenyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxyalkylcarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminothiocarbonyl, phenoxyalkylcarbonyl, piperidinoalkyl, pyridine carbonyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl, or substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group. The compounds of the present invention are useful as anti-ulcerative agents.

Abstract: A calendar for the production of packing sheets has a heated cylinder of large diameter on which a packing sheet is progressively built-up of layers of rubber-fiber mixture during many revolutions and the cylinder and an unheated counter pressure cylinder of smaller diameter mounted in slidable bearings for rotation and for movement toward and away from the heated cylinder. As the packing sheet is progressively built-up on the heated cylinder, its thickness is continuously measured by feeler rollers pressed lightly against the surface of the packing sheet and associated inductive sensors. In a comparison circuit, the values of thickness-indicating signals received from the sensors are compared with the sum of an initial zero value recorded before rubber-fiber mixture is applied to the circumference of the heated cylinder, and a predetermined desired value. When the value of the thickness indicating signal equals the sum of the zero value and the desired value, the calender is stopped.

Abstract: There is disclosed a submarine cable grapnel which is tied to the two rope of a cable ship and is dragged on the bottom of the sea, one grappling unit and at least one attitude stabilizer is connected while this assembly is connected at one end the two rope of the cable ship and at the other end a chain. In this instance, front and rear coupling portions of the grappling element and the attitude stabilizer are positioned so that the center of gravity of each element under the water stays nearer the seabed than a straight line joining the coupling centers of the coupling portions of the elements when the grapnel lands in the normal attitude on the bottom of the sea.

Abstract: Deterioration of speech quality due to coding errors during transmission is reduced by suppressing high changes in amplitude. High changes in amplitude are detected by comparing an amplified step size with a decoded output signal. Step size is amplified (by a range of 2-4) and compared to a delayed, decoded output signal. The delayed, decoded output is attenuated (by a range of 0.8-0.99) and the comparison controls a selection between two signals: the amplified step size and the attenuated output. The attenuated output is selected if the delayed output is greater than the amplified step size; otherwise, the amplified step size is selected. The selected signal serves as a prediction signal.

Abstract: Apparatus for drying cut wood has a cylindrical vessel with end covers at least one of which can be opened. The interior of the vessel is divided by a horizontal partition into a drying chamber above the partition, in which the wood is placed, and a condensation chamber below the partition. An opening in the partition provides restricted communication between the chambers. The interior of the vessel is filled with a drying medium made up of air and water vapor. A heater in the drying chamber heats the drying medium and a fan produces circulation of the drying medium in the drying chamber. The upper portion of the vessel wall, above the partition, is heat insulated while the lower portion, below the partition, is uninsulated and serves as a condenser for condensing water vapor in the condensation chamber. The lower portion of the vessel wall is cooled by a blower and by cooling coils in a foundation which supports the vessel.

Abstract: In a method of processing milt obtained from male cod fish, 5 Kg. of the milt is placed in a hot water bath equipped with automatic temperature control set at a temperature of 60 degrees C. to 80 degrees 1C. and heated for 8 to 10- seconds. The heated milt is then placed in a cold water bath consisting of 20 liters of water containing dissolved vitamin C in a concentration of 1% to 2% and at a temperature automatically controlled at 2 degrees C. to 3 degrees C. and maintained in the cold water bath for 8 to 10 seconds. The cooled milt is then vacuum packed in 200 g packages and placed in a freezer cooled by liquid nitrogen to -150 degrees C. to -170 degrees C. for 15 to 20 minutes. For storage, the frozen milt is placed in heat-insulated containers of polysterene foam plastic and placed in cold storage. To thaw the frozen milt, the heat-insulated container containing the milt is exposed to room temperature for 36 to 42 hours.

Abstract: A gear pump for pumping viscous material has a housing with an inlet and an outlet and a gear chamber between the inlet and the outlet. A pair of intermeshing gear wheels which are rotatably supported by bearings in the gear chamber of the housing have end faces in rotative contact with abutting faces of the housing. Spiral grooves in end faces of the gear wheels have a direction to move radially outwardly any material entering between end faces of the gear wheels and abutting faces of the housing to prevent such material from reaching the bearings. An integral drive shaft of one of the gears has a helical groove for preventing material from reaching bearings of the drive shaft. The driven gear has a central circular recess in which a bearing stud projects with bearing needles between the stud and the recess in the gear.

Abstract: A simple-structured non-contact-guidable magnetic floating device which has stable restoring forces in vertical and horizontal directions perpendicular to the direction of guiding the moving member. At least one inner magnetic member is formed so that magnetic poles are continuously arranged lengthwise thereof. Two outer magnetic members are disposed on both sides of the inner magnetic member in adjacent but spaced relation thereto and formed so that magnetic poles are continuously arranged in a lengthwise thereof. A non-magnetic coupling member is provided apart from the inner magnetic member, for coupling together the two outer magnetic members. A support is provided for supporting and fixing one of the inner and outer magnetic members.

Abstract: Interference detection and reduction is disclosed in which an interference carrier is reduced by processing a signal of an input frequency to a demodulator such as a PSK signal appended with bit sequence for carrier recovery and bit timing recovery for use in the TDMA system, for example, a signal of the intermediate frequency (IF) band of a 140 MHz center frequency, so that the attenuation of a band-elimination filter is limited to a value smaller than a certain one, or for the frequency bands in which spectra are produced by the bit sequence, the IF signal is combined with the band-elimination filter output via a narrow band-pass filter to control the attenuation in each of these frequency bands to a value smaller than a certain one, thereby preventing the signal quality of the TDMA signal from being degraded by the insertion of the band-elimination filter.