Abstract: A 2-wire/3-wire converting apparatus having two transmission/reception terminals to be connected to a 2-wire circuit, a transmission terminal, a reception terminal and a common terminal to be connected to a 3-wire circuit. The converting apparatus includes an electric circuit for applying between the two transmission/reception terminals a voltage proportional to a voltage of a reception signal conveyed on the 3-wire circuit and appearing between the reception terminal and the common terminal and for applying a voltage between the transmission terminal and the common terminal a voltage proportional to a voltage obtained by subtracting the voltage proportional to the voltage of the reception signal from a voltage appearing between the two transmission/reception terminals.

Abstract: A paper feeding device comprising a tray storing case attachable to and removable from a device housing; a rotatable tray, provided in the tray storing case, which rotates copy paper to a longitudinal and lateral feed position; and a mechanism for lifting up a paper-feed end of a paper holding plate provided in the tray when paper is to be fed. The mechanism is composed of a guide member provided in the device housing; a lift-up guide provided on a side face located on a paper-feed end of the tray; a first rotary bar provided in the tray storing case and driven by the guide member when the tray is attached thereon; and a second rotary bar, a spring and a lift plate driven by the lift-up guide when the tray is in the paper-feed position. The first and second bars are driven simultaneously, thus lifting up the paper-feed end of the paper holding plate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of optical writing type has a first transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode formed on the first transparent substrate, and a photoconductive layer formed on the first transparent electrode and including hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-Si.sub.1-x C.sub.x :H). The display device also has a second transparent substrate, a second transparent electrode formed on the second transparent substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the photoconductive layer and the second transparent electrode. The dielectric mirror can be made of alternating layers of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) with different silicon to carbon ratios.

Abstract: An image adjusting apparatus being provided in a copying machine capable of performing a copy of an original by using a photosensitive body in two or more copying modes, includes a unit for sensing a toner density of an image formed on the photosensitive body, a unit for deriving a function in accordance with each of the two or more copying modes if a control voltage influencing the toner density is changed, and a unit for setting the control voltage to be a voltage value obtained based on a predetermined reference toner density and the function derived by the deriving unit. The function stands for a relation between the changed control voltage and the toner density sensed by the sensing unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal element of optical writing type includes a pair of transparent substrates respectively having electrodes formed on the overall surfaces thereof. The liquid crystal element also includes a photoconductive layer formed on one of the transparent substrates and having a back-to-back diode structure, which impedance is to be changed depending on an amount of incident light. The liquid crystal element further includes a mirror layer for reflecting light entered from the other side of a writing side of the photoconductive layer, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of transparent substrates.

Abstract: A magneto-optical disk according to the present invention has a substrate (12), a recording layer (13) formed on the substrate and an outer layer (14) formed on the recording layer, above which a floating head is hovered. The outer layer is constituted of a protective layer, an antisticking layer for head, having a texture formed on its surface and other layers. The magneto-optical disk is designed such that, when rotated at a constant angular velocity, the thickness of the outer layer (14) is substantially inversely proportional to a radial position r on the magneto-optical disk raised to the 1/2nd power. In the formation of the outer layer, a screen whose meshes become gradually finer from the innermost portion toward the circumferential portion of the magneto-optical disk is employed based on the screen printing technique.

Abstract: In a liquid-crystal color display having a pair of light-transmitting substrates disposed opposite each other sandwiching a liquid crystal layer between them and color selecting members and a light blocking member provided on one of the pair of light-transmitting substrates, light-transmitting pixel electrodes are disposed on the liquid crystal layer side of one of the light-transmitting substrates. The pixel electrodes disposed adjacent to each other correspond to different color selecting members and are formed extending into each other's display area in alternating fashion. Accordingly, display patterns formed by adjacent pixel electrodes are allowed to overlap each other, thus making it possible to increase the number of display patterns per unit display area.

Abstract: The paper feeding device comprises a drive source having a shaft rotatable in forward or reverse direction and a drive gear mounted fixedly to the shaft, a sun gear engaging with the drive gear and being rotatable around a supporting point, first and second planetary arms mounted rotatably to the supporting point of the sun gear, respectively, first and second planetary gears engaging with the sun gear and attached rotatably to the first and second planetary arms, respectively, and arm lock mechanism for positioning and fixing the first and second planetary arms, respectively. The rotation of the shaft of the drive source is transmitted through the first planetary gear to an original feeding roller in the transmission mode and to a platen roller in the reception mode. The driving force is transmitted to the original feeding roller via the second planetary gear and to the platen roller via the first planetary gear in the copy mode.

Abstract: An optical device having a lens substrate and a microlens portion formed thereon, wherein the microlens has its lens portion formed on the part of the optical device that has substantially the same coefficient of expansion as that of the lens substrate.

Abstract: A driving system of a magnetic recording/reproducing apparatus includes a motor, a pulley receiving rotation of the motor, a forward direction rotation body coaxially provided with the pulley, a reverse direction rotation body which always engages with the forward direction rotation body and rotates in the reverse direction, first and second reel stands which engage with respective reels of a cassette tape, and a moving rotation body which engages with the forward direction rotation body and the first reel stand in forward direction rotation, and engages with the reverse direction rotation body and the second reel stand in reverse direction rotation. A forward direction torque generating mechanism is provided between the forward direction rotation body and the moving rotation body and a reverse direction torque generating mechanism is provided between the reverse direction rotation body and the moving rotation body.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid-crystal color display having a pair of light-transmitting substrates disposed opposite each other sandwiching a liquid crystal layer between them and color selecting members and a light blocking member provided on one of the pair of light-transmitting substrates, wherein the shape of each pixel defined by the color selecting members and the light blocking member is a parallelogram with all four angles other than 90.degree.. Accordingly, the liquid-crystal color display of the invention is capable of displaying sloping letters such as italics and other sloping patterns as naturally sloping patterns easy to recognize.

Abstract: A silicon carbide field-effect transistor is disclosed which includes an MOS structure composed successively of a silicon carbide layer, a gate insulator film, and a gate electrode. The field-effect transistor has source and drain regions formed in the silicon carbide layer, between which the MOS structure is disposed, wherein at least one of the source and drain regions is formed by the use of a Schottky contact on the silicon carbide layer.

Abstract: A exhaust valve for use in a cryogenic gas expansion system which uses a non-metallic valve seat and a metallic valve disk assembly which is moved into and out of contact with the valve seat to close and open the valve, respectively. The valve disk assembly has a valve disk element, a number of spring elements, and a ring element, all of which are integrally formed from a single metallic sheet. The valve disk element moves with a non-linear, snap action movement which movement is controlled by a cryogenic solenoid. When the disk element is moved out of seated contact with the valve seat and reaches a position just past the point at which the snap action has commenced, the movement is limited by a stop element so that the force, and hence the solenoid current, required to hold the valve open at that position is minimized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of testing of digital and analog circuits. If a fault is detected, after stimuli are applied and test measurements are made at some circuit nodes, steps are taken to locate faulty circuit components. At least one further node is selected for measurement on the basis of the levels of information that such nodes can provide. Further measurements aid fault location.For analog circuits, levels of information are determined by calculation of discrimination factors which depend on possible voltage ranges at unmeasured circuit nodes if various components are considered as faulty. The information gained from measurement at a further node is used to reduce the voltage ranges in order to aid selection of another node to measure.

Abstract: A method for resolving access contentions by a plurality of processing sites having the same or different redundancies to a shared communications system wherein the start of the access contention process is first synchronized for all contending sites. A determination is then made of which sites are performing tasks of the highest criticality level and a subsequent determination is made as to which of such highest criticality sites has the highest priority level. Access is then provided to the site having the highest priority level.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display apparatus in which a selection signal is simultaneously applied to two scanning signal lines, the application of the selection signal to one of the two scanning signal lines is terminated earlier than that of the selection signal to the other one of the two scanning signal lines. Alternatively, the level of the selection signal to one of the two scanning signal lines is made higher than that of the selection signal to the other one of the two scanning signal lines.

Abstract: A method of repairing a pipeline and apparatus for use in such a method is disclosed where a sheet like repair material is set in position within the pipeline with the use of a settable substance, the repair material being carried into the pipeline on a core member (4) that carries an inflatable member, the inflatable member (1) extending axially along the core member (4) and at least partially around the core member (4) to define an annular or part annular enclosed space (9, 10) extending along the core member (4), means (8, 11) being provided to inflate or deflate the inflatable member when in position in the pipeline, the inflatable member further having an outer flexible surface portion fixed only at one axial end to the core member, the inflatable member (1) acting when inflated to press the repair material against the pipeline wall to be repaired with the inflatable member (1) being thereafter deflated with the apparatus being withdrawn from the pipeline in a direction whereby the outer wall portion of

Abstract: When a plurality of document sheets are sequentially transported by a belt to a document scanning area facing an optical scanning means, a clearance is formed between the belt and the document scanning area on the upstream side with respect to the document transporting direction. When a document is positioned in the document scanning area, a succeeding document is preliminarily transported until the leading edge thereof enters the clearance and contacts the belt. As a result, when the belt is driven to discharge the scanned document from the document scanning area, the succeeding document is quickly transported to the document scanning area. The time required for document transportation can thus be reduced.

Abstract: A process for making a component by depositing a first layer of a fluent porous material, such as a powder, in a confined region and then depositing a binder material to selected regions of the layer of powder material to produce a layer of bonded powder material at the selected regions. Such steps are repeated a selected number of times to produce successive layers of selected regions of bonded powder material so as to form the desired component. The unbonded powder material is then removed. In some cases the component may be further processed as, for example, by heating it to further strengthen the bonding thereof.

Abstract: A magnetic head device includes a magnetic head having a sliding surface on which a magnetic tape slides. The sliding surface has a magnetic gap formed on the vertex portion thereof in a manner to allow the magnetic gap itself to record or reproduce information signal on or from the magnetic tape. Defining that .alpha. is an angle formed between a tangent drawn at the vertex portion of the sliding surface and a tangent drawn at the end portion of the sliding surface, .beta. is an angle formed between the inflow direction of the magnetic tape to the sliding surface and the tangent drawn at the vertex portion of the sliding surface and T is tension applied on the magnetic tape per unit width, the form of the magnetic head and the location and tension of the magnetic tape are arranged so that a parameter value obtained by an equation of T.times.sin (.beta.-.alpha.) is in the range of 0.02 gf/mm to 0.15 gf/mm.