Abstract: A cylinder for an internal combustion engine of a manually guided implement, and a method of producing such a cylinder, are provided. A cast cylinder body that peripherally delineates a cylinder chamber has formed therein at least one transfer channel that is open inwardly into the cylinder chamber and includes a central portion, extending approximately parallel to the cylinder axis, and a head portion that above the central portion faces in the direction of the cylinder chamber. A cylindrical sleeve covers the central portion of the transfer channel inwardly in the direction of the chamber. The sleeve extends in the direction of the cylinder axis beyond the central portion and ends below the head portion.

Abstract: A bolt lock, especially for control-cabinet doors or similar doors or flaps. The lock comprises a flat-bar bolt that is mounted to move parallel to the edge of the door, preferably within the arc of swing of the door. Disposed on the flat-bar bolt is at least one locking section. A bolt holder is mounted on the frame of the door to receive and hold the locking section. An actuator is provided for longitudinal displacement of the flat-bar bolt between an unlocked and a locked position. To provide a more secure lock that cannot become stuck, there is provided that to form the locking section, at least a portion of a length of the flat-bar bolt is twisted about a longitudinal axis of the bolt such that the twisted portion is disposed at an angle to an orientation of the bolt and provides a locking surface. The bolt holder is provided with a catch that is disposed at the same angle relative to the bolt as is the locking surface, with the catch being adapted to engage over the locking surface.

Abstract: An electrical heating element for heating units of seats and steering wheels is provided. The heating element comprises at least one conductor having at least one core-coated wire that serves as a heat conductor and/or as a contact conductor and/or as a lead for temperature probes. The coating comprises steel and the core comprises copper or a copper alloy, or the coating comprises copper or a copper alloy and the core comprises steel.

Abstract: A vehicle steering system for controlling a steering or steering lock angle of at least one wheel of a vehicle having a steering handle or wheel, whereby the actual manual torque or force that is to be applied by the driver for controlling the vehicle being regulated by a control device is a function of the vehicle condition or state values.

Abstract: An energy attenuation device for a fluid-conveying line, and a method for attenuating energy in such a line, are provided. The device includes one or more hose sections disposed in the fluid-conveying line, and at least one spring disposed in at least a portion of each of the hose sections.

Abstract: A two-cycle engine is provided and includes a cylinder in which is formed a combustion chamber delimited by a reciprocating piston that via a connecting rod drives a crankshaft rotatably mounted in a crankcase that, in predetermined positions of the piston, communicates with the combustion chamber via transfer channels. The cylinder has an outlet from the combustion chamber. An intake duct leads into the crankcase for a supply of fuel, and an air duct supplies substantially fuel-free air. In the vicinity of the piston the air duct is divided into two branches that open out at air openings of a connecting flange formed on the cylinder. A cover is disposed on the connecting flange and extends over the air openings. A flow divider on the connecting flange projects beyond a plane thereof and into the cover. The flow divider divides an air flow in the air duct to the two branches.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for measuring color characteristics of an object is provided. The apparatus includes at least two measuring units, each of which has at least one optical emitter and at least one optical receiver, wherein the measuring units are combined to form a measuring arrangement. The emitter has an illuminating angle and the receiver has a receiving angle, wherein relative to the object these angles are different for each measuring unit. Respective light guide terminals are provided for each measuring unit. A light source is connectable in common for at least two measuring units via a light guide and a light guide terminal. A detector is connectable in common for at least two measuring units via another light guide and light guide terminal. The light guide terminals can be selectively coupled with the light source and the detector.

Abstract: A motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine, which is adapted to be supplied with fuel from a fuel tank, is provided. A preliminary muffler and a main muffler are disposed in an exhaust gas section of the engine. A hydrolysis catalytic converter and optionally at least one oxidation catalytic converter are disposed in the preliminary muffler. A dosing mechanism supplies a urea-water solution to the hydrolysis catalytic converter from a UWS tank. A structural unit is provided that is comprised of a fuel tank, the UWS tank, and the preliminary muffler, with the structural unit being adapted to be secured in its entirety to the chassis frame of the vehicle.

Abstract: An operating mechanism is provided and has an operating lever, an adjusting lever, and a valve element that is rotatably disposed in a channel, wherein the adjusting lever is connected with the valve element via a shaft. A coupling element is provided for interconnecting the positions of the operating lever and the adjusting lever. The distance of the pivot axis of the adjusting lever from a connection of the coupling element with the adjusting lever is variable as a function of the position of the adjusting lever.

Abstract: A process for qualitative and quantitative analysis of an analyte in a solution includes irradiating a first chromophore with an electro-magnetic radiation while simultaneously moving an arrangement structure and the analyte relative to one another in a manner which effects extension of the elastic coupling interconnecting the first chromophore and a second chromophore. The process also includes measuring the intensities of a fluorescent light having a respective wavelength ?1 and a fluorescent light having a respective wavelength ?2 during the movement of the arrangement structure and the analyte relative to one another. The type and the amount of the analyte is determined as a function of the intensities of the fluorescent light having the respective wavelength ?1 and the fluorescent light having the respective wavelength ?2.

Abstract: An engine air brake device for a 4-stroke reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine is provided and has at least one intake valve and two exhaust valves per cylinder. The exhaust train incorporates a throttling device actuatable for engine deceleration so that an exhaust back pressure builds up in the accumulated exhaust gas upstream of the throttling device and becomes effective in conjunction with an engine-internal braking device associated to only one of the two exhaust valves for each cylinder, the other exhaust valve being controlled conventionally. The engine-internal braking device comprises a control piston installed in the valve bridge and pressed in the direction of the exhaust valve from a control pressure chamber supplied with pressurized oil and possibly also by means of an additional control compression spring.

Abstract: Safety belt winder with a locking system for the belt shaft as support for the belt webbing wound upon said belt shaft, which reacts to the vehicle or the safety belt. The safety belt winder has an integrated force limiting device for the safety belt force occurring in the belt webbing on locking the safety belt winder. The belt webbing has a breaking strain of less than 20 kN, with less than 35 warp threads per 10 mm, running in the longitudinal direction thereof and the twill-woven weft yarn is in the form of monofilament threads.

Abstract: In order to reduce cycle times for assembling at least two substrates (3,4) in order to form an optical data carrier in a low-pressure chamber (8), a method and a device are disclosed wherein an opening (11) of the low-pressure chamber is sealed in relation to the surrounding environment, the low-pressure chamber is pumped out, a transfer chamber (64) is formed between a first handling device (16) arranged in the low-pressure chamber and a second handling device (24) arranged outside the low-pressure chamber by respectively sealing the opening (11) of the low-pressure chamber (8).

Abstract: An energy attenuation apparatus for a system conveying a liquid under pressure is provided. The apparatus includes a liquid-conveying unit or the like that includes three chambers disposed in series. At least one of the chambers contains no tube. A first tube is disposed in one of the chambers and has a first end connected to and in fluid communication with an inlet or outlet end of its chamber. A second, free end of the tube is spaced by an open gap from the outlet or inlet end of such chamber. The tube has at least one aperture in the free end and/or on the peripheral surface thereof for providing fluid communication between the tube and its chamber. A second tube can be disposed in the remaining chamber.

Abstract: A flat gasket for sealing off a region, especially for sealing off a region bordered by a cylinder head cap, includes an elastic material that effects the sealing function and at least one pass-through region for passing through a conductor such that the conductor can extend, in the mounted condition of the flat gasket, from outside the region to be sealed off into the interior of such region. The flat gasket also includes a shaped tongue connected to the pass through region and extending into the region to be sealed off, the shaped tongue having opposed flat sides and being deformable at least vertically relative to the plane of the seal, and the tongue supporting on its flat sides at least one conductor guiding- and/or conductor securing-element.

Abstract: A container having corner regions with hollow bodies is provided. Locking devices are provided that are received in the corner regions. Electrically driven, rotatable and displaceable locking mechanisms are respectively disposed in corners of the container. For a lower region of each locking mechanism, a locking member is provided that is adapted to engage in corresponding hollow bodies, disposed on upper corner regions of a comparable container disposed there below and adapted to receive locking devices, for interlocking the containers, sensors and signal emitters are disposed in the container for indicating a respective position of one of the locking mechanisms in a corner of the container.

Abstract: A coal-fired power station is provided and has a boiler that is heatable by dry firing, a catalytic converter for reducing an NOx level, a flue gas channel that adjoins the boiler and leads to the catalytic converter, and a coarse ash separator disposed upstream of the catalytic converter in a section of the flue gas channel, which includes a sieve that extends essentially over an entire cross-sectional area thereof. The sieve is adapted to be deflected out of a position of rest by a flue gas stream and against the effect of a restoring force, and/or the sieve forms folds that are directed in an upstream direction relative to a flue gas stream and extend essentially parallel to one another.

Abstract: An intake system for the combustion air of a motor of a hand held implement is provided. The system includes an air filter and a centrifugal separator. The air filter has a dirt chamber and a clean chamber that is separated therefrom by a filter medium. The clean chamber is fluidically connected with a carburetor of the motor to convey combustion air to the motor. The centrifugal separator splits the air stream into a core flow having low particle density and a peripheral flow having high particle density. The centrifugal separator includes at least two cyclones, wherein the discharged flows from the cyclones are respectively combined in pairs and open out into a common suction tube.

Abstract: A combination exhaust gas post treatment/muffler device in the exhaust gas section of an internal combustion engine is provided. A special platinum-coated preliminary oxidation catalytic converter is combined with at least one particle separator, which is exactly coordinated therewith, in a muffler to achieve carbon particle separation rates of greater than 50%.