Abstract: The present invention provides an ethylene copolymer comprising constituent units (a) derived from ethylene and constituent units (b) derived from an .alpha.-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, the ethylene copolymer being characterized in that(A) the ethylene copolymer has a density (d) of 0.86 to 0.95 g/cm.sup.3 ;(B) the ethylene copolymer has a MFR of 0.001 to 50 g/10 min as measured at a temperature of 190.degree. C. and a load of 2.16 kg;(C) the melt tension (MT) and MFR of the ethylene copolymer satisfy the relationlog MT>-0.66log MFR+0.6; and(D) the temperature (T) at which the exothermic curve of the ethylene copolymer measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) shows the highest peak and the density (d) satisfy the relationT<400d-250.

Abstract: Biaxially oriented films from high molecular weight polyethylene are characterized by a gas permeable structure formed from random-arranged microfibrils. The films have coefficients of static friction and kinetic friction of not more than 1.0. The biaxially oriented films are further characterized by service smoothness as well as tensile (tangent) modulus and tensile strength. The films may be used for lamination, filter, or for packaging for moisture absorbers. The biaxially oriented films may be obtained by extracting a hydrocarbon plasticizer from a sheet formed from the high molecular weight polyethylene and a hydrocarbon plasticizer, stretching the resulting sheet to obtain an oriented film having a specific surface area of at least 70 m.sup.2 /g and a fibril structure, and heating the oriented film under a standard length constraint to reduce the oriented film in specific area by at least 20 m.sup.2 /g.

Abstract: A fire-retardant compound including bromine indicated by general formula (1), wherein the end group X and Y are comprised by A or B shown in formula (2), and the said fire-retardant compound is a mixture of the composition including 15 to 30% of X=Y=A, the composition including 40 to 60% of X=A and Y=B and the composition including 20 to 35% of X=Y=B, and degree of polymerization n is indicated by an integral number from 0 to 30, and a flame-retarded thermoplastic resin including said fire-retardant compound.

Abstract: A novel unsaturated copolymer of ethylene comprises a random copolymer of (i) ethylene, (ii) an .alpha.-olefin of 3 to 20 carbon atoms and (iii) at least one straight chain or branched chain nonconjugated triene or tetraene having one vinyl group in the molecule, which contains 30-92% by mol of ethylene units (i), 6-70% by mol of .alpha.-olefin units (ii) and 0.1-30% by mol of triene or tetraene units (iii), and which has a molar ratio of ethylene units (i) to .alpha.-olefin units (ii) of 40/60 to 92/8 (ethylene units (i)/.alpha.-olefin units (ii)) and an intrinsic viscosity (.eta.), measured in Decalin at 135.degree. C., of 0.05 to 10 dl/g. This novel unsaturated copolymer of ethylene is excellent in weathering resistance, heat resistance and ozone resistance and has a high vulcanizing rate.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyester of uniform quality, in which a slurry of powdery aromatic dicarboxylic acid in a liquid diol is prepared and the resulting slurry is processed through an esterification step and a polycondensation step in the presence of a catalyst, is provided by performing the reactions in the esterification and the polycondensation in a stabilized condition, which process comprisesrecycling a liquid containing the unreacted diol and the catalyst separated from the reaction mixture in the polycondensation step back to the esterification step as recycling liquor,detecting the concentrations of diol, diol condensation product, catalyst and water in the recycling liquor in the course of being recycled back to the esterification step by a near infrared spectrophotometer of a noise level of at the highest 50.times.10.sup.-6 Abs with a wave length repeatability of 0.

Abstract: An ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer composition including (I) a graft-modified ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer composition and (II) a polyolefin. The graft-modified composition is prepared by graft copolymerizing an ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer with a polar monomer. The ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer composition includes first and second ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymers. The copolymers are each prepared in the presence of a polymerization catalyst containing (a) an organoaluminum oxy compound and (b) for the first ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer at least two kinds, and for the second ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer one kind, of compounds of Group IV transition metals of the periodic table containing a ligand having a cyclopentadienyl skeleton. The graft-modified ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer composition is blended with a polyolefin, such as by mechanical or solution blending, at a weight ratio (I) to (II) of 1:99 to 99:1.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring the toner concentration and the amount of electric charge, capable of simultaneously measuring the toner concentration and the amount of electric charge easily and maintaining high precision using a simple device.

Abstract: A curable composition comprising a polymerizable monomer having an acidic group in its molecule and an initiator. The composition has a viscosity in the range of from 100 to 30,000 cP at 37.5.degree. C. and may have additionally contain other polymerizable monomer and/or a filler. The composition is applied to a tooth surface directly or after applying a primer composition. There is also provided the primer composition which comprises a polymerizable monomer having an acidic group and a solvent.

Abstract: Film made of floppy and deformable synthetic resin is used as a valve body of an inhalation valve and attached to the surface of a valve seat which is formed to a concave groove like shape having an arbitarily sectional view. The said valve body can not be applied to a conventional valve seat which has a flat surface. The inhalation valve is embedded to the breathing-in space of mask in which a filter pad is put in and prevent the valve body which separates from the seat at inhalation timing from entering into face contact part.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyethylene terephthalate in which the amount of the oligomers, such as cyclic trimer etc., is lower and which causes metal mold staining to occur difficultly. The process comprises an esterification stage in which dicarboxylicacids including mainly terephthalic acid or ester-forming derivatives of such acids are esterified with glycols including mainly ethylene glycol or with ester-forming derivatives of such glycols; a liquid phase polycondensation stage in which the esterified product obtained in the esterification stage is subjected to a polycondensation in a liquid phase containing a polycondensation catalyst and having a content of an alkaline solubilizing agent of 0.

Abstract: A water-based peelable nail polish is formed from a first aliphatic polyurethane having an elongation of not less than about 450%, such as 500%, and a second aliphatic polyurethane having an elongation of not more than about 250%, such as about 200%. The first and second polyurethanes are present at a mixing ratio of the first to second polyurethane in the range of from about 8:92 to about 20:80. The coatings dry in a relatively short time and remain hard and flexible and resistant to chipping, marring and fraying or sloughing for up to about 3 days or longer. The dry coatings are easily removed by simply peeling or stripping the coating from the nail without requiring any solvents or tools.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing retroreflective sheeting useful for marking or the like of signs such as road signs and construction signs; number plates of vehicles such as motorcars and motorcycles; materials for safety such as clothes and life jackets; signboards, etc.

Abstract: A vector plasmid containing(a) the OriA region of plasmid pBA1 derived from Anacystis nidulans,(b) the multicloning region and(c) the region of colicin E1 plasmid, which contains the OriE region thereof and wherein the gene defined by the rop region thereof is removed.This plasmid is replicable in the cells of both Escherichia coli and cyanobacteria and thus useful as a shuttle vector.

Abstract: A photosensitive material for electrophotography, wherein the charge-generating agent comprises a P-type charge-generating pigment and an N-type charge-generating pigment in combination, at least part of these pigments being present in the form of aggregates in the photosensitive layer. The photosensitive material will assume the form of either a single dispersion type or a laminated layer type, and exhibits very high carrier generation efficiency, strikingly improved sensitivity on the side of long wavelengths, excellent balance in the spectral sensitivity and property after repetitively used, and can hence be effectively used for forming image by the electrophotography.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing an alkyl ether of a phenol from a phenol and an alcohol at a selectivity and a yield higher than in conventional processes, stably over a long period of time. The process is characterized by alkyl-etherifying a phenol with an alcohol in the presence of an oxide catalyst comprising an alkali metal as a constituent element.

Abstract: A polyester resin composition comprising (A) an aromatic polyester resin and (B) a polyester block copolymer resin which consists essentially of (a) a polyester soft block comprising an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component and a glycol component having 5 or more carbon atoms as main constituents and having a melting point of about 100.degree. C. or less or being amorphous and (b) a polyester hard block having a melting point of about 150.degree. C. or more. A relay component formed of the above polyester resin composition has excellent vibration-damping and noise suppression properties.

Abstract: Closely related formulations of GRAS food additives serve as insect repellents, insecticides and larvicides. The ingredients of the repellent, insecticide and larvicide also exhibit useful disinfectant properties against vector-borne pathogenic micro-organisms.

Abstract: A laminated polyester film comprising an aromatic copolyester layer having a surface roughness of 2 to 13 nm and a polyester layer having a surface roughness (Ra) of at least 15 nm. This laminated polyester film has improved impact resistance particularly at low temperatures and improved taste-retaining property while retaining the excellent moldability, heat resistance, retort sterilization resistance and flavor-retaining property possessed by copolyester films.

Abstract: A thermal recording medium comprising a substrate having thereon a recording layer containing a colorless or pale colored dye precursor, and a color developer reactable with the dye precursor to develop a color as main ingredients, wherein the color developer includes at least one compound of Formula (1): and the recording layer contains at least one methylolated fatty acid amide of Formula (2): ##STR1## (wherein X denotes oxygen atom or sulfur atom; and R denotes substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, naphthyl group, aralkyl group, a lower alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or a lower alkenyl group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Z denotes a lower alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an electron attracting group. n is an integer from 0 to 4, and p is an integer from 1 to 5, satisfying n+p .ltoreq.5.).R.sub.1 -CONHCH.sub.2 OH (2)(wherein R.sub.1 denotes an alkyl group of 11 to 21 carbon atoms).

Abstract: In a thermal sensitive recording medium comprising a thermal sensitive color developing layer which includes a basic leuco dye and an organic color developer on a substrate, characterized by the said thermal color developing layer includes 0.01-0.9 parts of aminobenzenesulfonamide derivatives indicated by general formula (I) based on 1 part of color developer and also includes at least one kind of methylolated fatty acid amide indicated by general formula (II) in proportion of 0.01-2 parts based on 1 part of color developer. ##STR1## (wherein, "X" indicates an oxygen or sulfur atom, "R" indicates non-substituted or substituted phenyl group, naphthyl group, aralkyl group, lower alkyl group of carbon number 1-6, cycloalkyl group of carbon number 3-6 or lower alkenyl group of carbon number 2-6. "Z" indicates lower alkyl group of carbon number 1-6 or electron attractive group. "n" indicates an integer from 0 to 4 and "P" indicates an integer from 1 to 5, wherein satisfies the numerical formula of n+p.ltoreq.5)R.