Abstract: An apparatus and a method for the casting of metals comprising the steps of: indexing a mould (3) in series on a rotating carousel (2) to a pouring station (2.1), skimming station (2.2) and a mould transfer station (2.3); casting molten metal into the mould at the pouring station (2.1); skimming dross from the molten metal at the skimming station (2.2); transferring the mould (3) containing molten metal from the mould transfer station (2.3) to a cooling section (5) and replacing it at the mould transfer station (2.3) with an empty mould; transferring a cooled mould containing a solidified metal ingot (10) from the cooling section (5) to a demoulding station (7) remote from the rotating carousel (2); removing the solidified ingot (10) from the mould (3); removing the pin/hook members (11) from the ingot (10); returning the pin/hook members (11) to the empty mould (3); returning the empty mould (3) to the mould transfer station (2.3); and transferring the ingot (10) to the further processing.

Abstract: A tree-structured dynamic encoder generates an N-bit encoder output word in response to each encoder input word of a sequence of encoder input words, such that the number of encoder output word bits of value 1 equals a value of the encoder input word and such that positions bits of value 1 within the N-bit encoder output word for each give value of encoder word varies with time. Some or all of the switching blocks produce more than two block output words in response to each block input word. The dynamic encoder includes a tree of switching blocks, each dynamically encoding a block input word into more than one block output words, each having fewer bits than the block input word. A sum of values of the output words of each switching block always equals a value of that block's input word.

Abstract: A method of operating a knock detection system of a multi-cylinder piston engine in which the knock detection system comprises a sensor arranged in connection with each cylinder and a measurement circuit connected to the sensor includes running the engine at a load being less than full load and setting the output signal of each separate sensor between certain preset limits by adjusting one or more adjustment variables of the measurement circuit. The values of the adjustment variables for each separate cylinder are stored in the detection system. During normal use, the engine is run and the previously stored values of the adjustment values for each cylinder are used in the knock detection system.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit tester includes a generally parallelepipedal housing, a main tester board in the housing, and an interface unit incorporating a tester interface that is connected to the main tester board. A support mechanism supports the interface unit in a manner allowing pivotal movement of the interface unit relative to the housing.

Abstract: An IC layout system compiles a hierarchical netlist describing an IC into a database having a separate record for each cell and each module of the IC. Each database record references a cell library entry describing the cell or module and indicates a hierarchical relationship between its corresponding cell or module and other IC cells or modules. The system initially processes the database to reduce the number of cell and module records by combining hierarchically related cells and modules into larger cluster cells. The system then processes the database and cell library to generate a trial layout of the IC which positions highly interconnected cells near one another without regard to the hierarchical nature of the design.

Abstract: A memory tester tests a random access memory device under test (DUT) comprising addressable rows and columns of memory cells, and provides a computer with enough information to determine how to efficiently allocate spare rows and columns for replacing rows and columns containing defective memory cells. During a test the memory tester writes a “fail” bit into each address of an error capture memory (ECM) to indicate whether a correspondingly addressed memory cell of the DUT is defective. The tester also includes a set of programmable area fail counters, each for counting of the number of memory cells within a separately selected area of the memory's address space. After the test, the computer processes the counts to determine whether it needs to allocate the spare rows and columns and, in some cases, to determine how to allocate the spare rows and columns.

Abstract: An electromechanical cylinder lock-key-combination includes a key having a mechanical locking code and a device for storing an electronic code and sending it into the lock. A lock body encloses a turnable lock cylinder and a locking mechanism which normally prevents turning of the lock cylinder with regard to the lock body and which can be moved by the key into a releasing position allowing turning of the lock cylinder.

Abstract: An overhead camshaft internal combustion engine is disclosed having a valve mechanism which comprises an intake or exhaust poppet valve 14 having a valve stem operated by two cams 16 and 18 mounted for rotation about a common axis. A first rocker 20 mounted on a pivot shaft 26 acts between the first cam 16 and the valve 14. A second rocker 28 is mounted in the engine on a fixed pivot shaft 30 and acts between the second cam 18 and the pivot shaft 26 of the first rocker 20, to raise and lower the pivot point 26 of the first rocker 20 cyclically in synchronism with the rotation of the second cam 18.

Abstract: A gas lubricated axial thrust bearing for resisting axial forces acting on a machine rotor, comprises at least one pad mounted on a stationary machine surface and axially spaced from a surface of the rotor by a lubricating gas film. The bearing further includes a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the pad to provide an output signal indicative of the axial load on the bearing.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for a piston engine, in which the piston engine comprises an engine block with cylinders arranged thereto and at least one fuel injector nozzle arranged for each cylinder and connected to the fuel injection system and in which the fuel injection system comprises at least one fuel pressure accumulator. The fuel injection system comprises a dedicated fuel pressure accumulator for each cylinder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the effect of magnetic stimulation on human brain. According to the method, the stimulation dose is determined in different parts of the brain by summing cumulatively the electric field strength generated by the individual stimulus pulses. According to the invention, the position and alignment of a magnetic stimulation coil (1) is determined separately for each applied stimulus pulse in three dimensions relative to the head (5), the number, repetition rate and intensity generated by the magnetic stimulation coil (1) are measured separately for each pulse, the coordinate data of the brain are determined substantially unambiguously in the same coordinate system with the magnetic stimulation coil (1) on the basis of information obtained from other kind of measurement, such as a tomographic scan or, e.g.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a fuel pressure boost pump having a pump body that defines a pump cylinder and a pump chamber. A piston structure is movable in the pump cylinder along a longitudinal axis of the piston structure. A fuel inlet conduit and a fuel outlet conduit are in flow connection with the pump chamber, the fuel inlet conduit being provided with a first one-way valve and the fuel outlet conduit being provided with a second one-way valve. A temperature sensor is in thermally conductive contact with the pump body.

Abstract: A method for designing integrated circuits (ICs) and their interconnect systems includes IC component cells and interconnect component cells in a cell library. Each IC component cell provides both a physical and behavioral model of a component that may be incorporated into the IC while each interconnect component cell includes both a physical and behavioral model of a separate internal or external component of an interconnect system that may link the IC to external nodes. Both the IC and its interconnect systems are designed by selecting and specifying interconnections between component cells included in the cell library. Interconnect systems are flexibily designed to act like filters tuned to optimize desired frequency response characteristics.

Abstract: A mechanical gear shifting mechanism capable of connection to a gearbox includes a shifter frame and a rotatable shaft mounted to the shifter frame. A ratchet drum having teeth is fixed to the shaft. A first cam disc formed with a slot in its main face is fixed to the shaft for rotation therewith. A shifting lever is connected to the shifter frame and is pivotable about an axis in first and second directions. First and second engagement pawls are connected to the shifting lever and positioned for engaging the teeth of the ratchet drum, whereby pivotal movement of the shifting lever induces rotational movement about the shaft's longitudinal axis. A pendant lever is engaged with the slot via a follower and has an end engageable to the gearbox. In practice, the end of the pendant lever would be connected to gear selectors of the gearbox.

Abstract: An attractant composition for application to fishing lures is composed of about 10-45% bees wax and up to about 75 % menhaden oil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooling element provided with louvers to be used in a heat exchanger under the influence of passing cooling medium used for cooling another medium flowing inside a circulating element whereto the cooling element is bounded by a contact area on one edge, and the louvers form an angle with the surface of the cooling element. According to the invention the cooling element is positioned so that the cooling element forms a substantially equal angle to the longitudinal direction of the circulating element as the louvers form to the surface of the cooling element.