Abstract: An overcurrent protection switch having one or more thermal and/or magnetic trips (14,21) and a mechanical switch latch which essentially consists of an actuating element and a latching lever (6) which acts in conjunction with the former and which with its first end acts upon a plunger (8) which is guided in the longitudinal direction of the housing (69) under an initial spring tension and which drives the switching contacts, and which latching lever rests with its other end in the latching position under an initial spring tension on a support area (13) of a trip lever (9), wherein, for improving the switching-off characteristics and the handling characteristics of the switch, the trip lever (9) is constructed as an essentially L-shaped angle lever which in the area of its angle is rotationally supported on a shaft (75) which is stationary with respect to the housing, which lever is subjected to an initial spring tension with respect to the thermal and/or magnetic trip (14,21) and which engages with the swive

Abstract: In an overvoltage protection circuit for an amplifier inserted in series between lengths of a signal transmission line, the line including a ground path and the amplifier being supplied with operating power via the transmission line and including power supply inputs conductively connected to the transmission line lengths via a current supply filter, there is provided: one single overvoltage arrester for providing coarse overvoltage protection connected between the ground path and one of the power supply inputs, and lowpass filters connected between the arrester and each transmission line length.

Abstract: An epitaxial reactor comprises an enclosed evacuable container, a heating tube in the container in the wall of which there is a heat source and a temperature control system which is sealed at one end, a feed line for reaction gas, which line passes along the heating tube so as to provide an outlet for reaction gas adjacent the seal, and means for accommodating the elements to be treated on the inside of the heating tube.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically operating a semi-continuous passenger transport system using non-motorized vehicles. Fault conditions corresponding to passengers or articles carried by passengers projecting beyond a surface limiting access to the vehicles in stations are detected. Detection of such fault conditions initiates progressive implementation of fault condition signalling, and slowing and stopping of the tracks which drive the vehicles. These measures are progressively cancelled on clearance of the fault condition.

Abstract: An oral cavity cleaner including a pump unit for supplying a pulsating stream of high-pressure fluid, and a toothbrush unit connected thereto via a flexible conduit. The toothbrush unit includes an actuating member responsive to the pressure of the pulsating stream of fluid to provide a reciprocatory movement, a toothbrush connected to the actuating member, a valve section brought to an open position when the movement of the actuating member has exceeded a predetermined value, and an operating member for operating the valve section. The toothbrush can be automatically given a reciprocatory movement, and the high-pressure fluid can be ejected through the toothbrush or its ejection can be stopped as desired by manipulating the operating member while the toothbrush is being moved with a reciprocatory movement.

Abstract: A cardiac pacemaker constructed for terminating tachyarrhythmias and including: an atrial electrode implantable in a patient's heart for supplying atrial stimulation pulses thereto and at which a pulse appears in response to each atrial contraction; a ventricular electrode implantable in the patient's heart for supplying ventricular stimulation pulses thereto, and at which a pulse appears in response to each ventricular contraction; separately switchable control paths connected to each electrode for causing one electrode to produce a stimulation pulse at a given time after the occurrence of a pulse on the other electrode; a first time delay unit connected to be actuated by signals derived from the heart behavior for supplying a stimulating pulse to the ventricular electrode at a time after the occurrence of a pulse on the atrial electrode, which is shorter than the physiological atrial-ventricular transfer time; and a second time delay unit connected to be actuated by signals derived from the heart behavior f

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for transmitting digital signals by means of signal generators by initially converting a double current pulse train, under control of bit clock pulses and before transmission, into a first unipolar pulse train composed of pulses corresponding to all positive transmission pulses and into a second unipolar pulse train composed of pulses corresponding to all negative transmission pulses, the pulse trains are code converted independently of the duration of the bit clock pulses for producing a converted signal having a first transmitting amplitude in correspondence with each pulse of the first pulse train and a second transmitting amplitude in correspondence with each pulse of the second pulse train, the second amplitude differing from the first, and the converted signal is applied to a signal generator for producing an output signal corresponding to the converted signal and in which the transmitting amplitudes corresponding to both unipolar pulse trains vary the output signal in the same

Abstract: A system for generating in-phase alternating current components which are fed into a medium held in a melting trough and flow in the medium between electrodes and counterelectrodes immersed in the medium to effect resistance heating. One embodiment of the system includes a supply voltage source, and a plurality of transformers each having a primary winding and a secondary winding, with the primary windings being connected together in series and to the source, each secondary winding being connected between a respective electrode and counterelectrode to provide a respective alternating current component, and each winding having a number of turns corresponding to the desired relative amplitudes of the current components.

Abstract: A metallic syringe tube is fused to a plastic fitting into which the tube is inserted so that the inner end of the tube contacts the fitting, by clamping the tube between a counterelectrode which acts as an abutment for the inner end of the tube and a clamping jaw which engages the free end of the tube, and applying a resistance heating voltage to the tube between the counterelectrode and a location between the fitting and the clamping jaw for heating at least a portion of the syringe tube inner end in contact with the fitting to the melting temperature of the plastic forming the fitting.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing switching mechanisms or program sequences to an external frame clock pulse, wherein after a given period of time the switching mechanism or program is enabled to be reset and that after this enabling the resetting takes place with the edge of an external clock pulse. Moreover, the resetting takes place immediately after enabling if the edge of the external clock pulse has appeared earlier in time and the resetting takes place in any case no later than after a further given period of time even if the edge of the external clock pulse has not arrived. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A device for feeding sheets of wrapping material from a roll formed of wrapping material web to a packaging machine which discontinuously operates at consecutive cycles. The device includes a transversal cutter provided with cutter blades for cutting single sheets of wrapping material from the web which has a new leading edge after each cut, and at least one intermittent motion feeding group for feeding the web to the cutter. A first independent electric stepping motor drives the feeding group and is controlled by a programmable electronic control circuit which controls the stepping motor to drive the feeding group in accordance with a predetermined sequence of motions in synchronism with the cycles the packaging machine, including momentarily driving the feeding group backwards to withdraw and detach the leading edge of the web from the cutter blades.

Abstract: The rod-breaking device comprises a deflecting guide movable alternately across the normal straight path of a cigarette rod issuing from a rod-forming mechanism and entering the inlet of a rod-processing unit. The movement of the deflecting guide into active position serves to break the rod by cooperating with a fixed abutment, whereafter the deflecting guide stops in said active position to deflect the following rod out of the normal path. The movement of the deflecting guide into the opposite inactive position serves to break the rod and to bring the said deflecting guide to an inactive position out of the normal path of the rod. A transverse blade is secured on the deflecting guide in such a manner as to move, across the normal path of the cigarette rod, close to the inlet of the processing unit.

Abstract: A lamp consists of a high voltage power supply 5 mounted on an evacuated envelope 1. The lamp glows when electrons from a cathode 2 strike a phospher coating 4 on the inside surface of the envelope. The lamp is mounted so that it can be separated from the power supply and provision is made to inhibit the generation of the very high anode potential by the power supply unless it is correctly mounted on the envelope.

Abstract: In an advancing device for the motorized vertical displacement of a record carrier in an electrically driven office machine, which device includes an operating element mounted for movement in either one of two directions from a zero position, and members responsive to movement of the operating element in either one of its two directions for displacing such carrier in a respective vertical direction corresponding to the direction of movement of the operating element, the members are made to be responsive to movement of the operating element in at least one direction from the zero position for advancing the record carrier at a rate which increases as the extent of displacement of the operating element from the zero position increases.

Abstract: In a coupler for detachably placing the ends of at least two light waveguides in energy transmitting communication, which coupler is composed of two coupling halves each including a core member provided with at least one precisely positioned bore holding the end of at least one fiber of an associated conductor, a sleeve in which the core member is mounted and which is provided with at least one extension part extending axially of the sleeve, the core having a frontal end face provided with an axially extending guide pin and a guide opening diametrically opposite the guide pin, with respect to the axis of the core member, and a sleeve nut for securing the two halves of the coupler together, each coupling half includes elements supporting the core member to permit the core member to be axially movable in a resilient manner in the sleeve from an end position and to have a limited axial and radial mobility therein, the core member being in its end position when the coupling halves are uncoupled and moving axially

Abstract: Piezoelectric and pyroelectric elements made from polarized plastics substances such as polyvinylidene fluoride are of considerable interest in a number of fields. Unfortunately, they also suffer from a number of not insignificant drawbacks. Specifically, the maximum thickness of fully-polarized plastics film obtainable is often not sufficient to give the desired sensitivity.

Abstract: In an infinitely variable cone pulley transmission having a driving shaft connected to a source of driving power, a driven shaft, a pair of conical discs nonrotatably mounted on each shaft with at least one disc of each pair being axially displaceable on its associated shaft, an endless transmission element adapted to run between the two pairs of discs for transmitting power between the shafts, a cylinder-piston unit associated with one axially displaceable disc on each pair for urging that disc toward the other disc of the same pair with a force proportional to the pressure of fluid in the unit, a distributing valve arranged to be arbitrarily adjusted to vary the speed ratio of the transmission, and connected to a pressure fluid source and to each unit for supplying pressure fluid thereto, and a normally-closed control valve connected in fluid flow communication with the distributing valve for controlling the fluid pressure in the unit associated with the driven shaft, the closing force presented by the cont

Abstract: A stabilized power supply which is particularly suitable for use at very high voltages derives its energy from a resonant inverter feeding a transformer and rectifier. The power supply is intended to be operated in a pulsed mode with the generation of each pulse reducing the output voltage below its required value. The output capacitive stages of the power supply are subsequently re-charged and an input switch is rendered non-conductive when the output voltage regains its required value. As it is not possible to switch off a resonant inverter during the course of a cycle, the energy obtained from the inverter during the remainder of the current cycle is fed into another capacitive stage. The second stage may also be utilized as an unregulated output rail of the power supply. The invention is particularly suitable for power travelling wave tube amplifiers.