Abstract: In a microwave transceiver including a dielectric antenna and a self-oscillating semiconductor mixer stage for both generating a microwave signal to be transmitted via the antenna and mixing that microwave signal with reflected microwave signal components received by the antenna, the mixer stage being composed of a nonlinear microwave diode connected to give the stage a negative impedance to permit oscillation and to effect mixing, and a half-wavelength disc-type resonator providing a resonant circuit for the oscillator and having the form of a stripline piece element composed of two strip conductors between which the microwave diode is electrically conductively connected, the antenna being disposed on one of the strip conductors, the resonator and antenna are constructed to be axially symmetrical and are positioned coaxially to one another.

Abstract: Piezoelectric and pyroelectric elements made from polarized plastics substances such as polyvinylidene fluoride are of considerable interest in a number of fields. Unfortunately, they also suffer from a number of not insignificant drawbacks. Specifically, the maximum thickness of fully-polarized plastics film obtainable is often not sufficient to give the desired sensitivity.

Abstract: In a coupler for detachably placing the ends of at least two light waveguides in energy transmitting communication, which coupler is composed of two coupling halves each including a core member provided with at least one precisely positioned bore holding the end of at least one fiber of an associated conductor, a sleeve in which the core member is mounted and which is provided with at least one extension part extending axially of the sleeve, the core having a frontal end face provided with an axially extending guide pin and a guide opening diametrically opposite the guide pin, with respect to the axis of the core member, and a sleeve nut for securing the two halves of the coupler together, each coupling half includes elements supporting the core member to permit the core member to be axially movable in a resilient manner in the sleeve from an end position and to have a limited axial and radial mobility therein, the core member being in its end position when the coupling halves are uncoupled and moving axially

Abstract: A wave energy absorber comprising a caisson mountable on the seaside surface of an existing breakwater or coastal embankment, which caisson has a water chamber with an open side and a rear wall facing the open side. The distance from the open side to the rear wall is longer than one quarter of a wavelength L.sub.c in the water chamber so as to generate a standing wave in the water chamber with a node of the standing wave at a distance L.sub.c /4 from the rear wall toward the open side. A wave-power turbine impeller is pivotally supported in the caisson at the node position, the impeller rotating in only one direction, whereby wave energy is absorbed by the impeller for further conversion into electric or thermal energy. The caisson itself can also be utilized as a breakwater or an embankment.

Abstract: An electric sewing machine driving apparatus includes a clutch coil of an electromagnetic clutch for transmitting a driving motor torque to a sewing machine, a brake coil of an electromagnetic brake for braking the sewing machine, a needle position signal generator for generating a signal indicative of a position where a needle of the sewing machine is to stop, a DC power supply for energizing the clutch coil and the brake coil, voltage generating means for generating a DC voltage higher than the supply voltage of the DC power supply and a capacitor disposed to be charged by the voltage generated by the voltage generating means, whereby an electric charge stored in the capacitor discharges through the brake coil in response to the needle position signal from the needle position signal generator, thereby improving the needle positioning accuracy of the sewing machine.

Abstract: A guide strip for holding a succession of fittings which are to be hammered into box-shaped containers in a studding machine and for conveying such fittings into the machine, the strip being constituted by a tape-like foil presenting a succession of nests for holding such fittings.

Abstract: The feed hopper of a cigarette packing machine is provided with an inlet mouth comprising a fixed rectangular tubular member over which there is mounted telescopically slidable in the vertical direction a telescoping rectangular tubular member. The tray filled with cigarettes is positioned upside down, with its discharge side closed by a bottom closure plate, over the open upper end of the telescoping tubular member. The full tray is then lowered, together with the telescoping member, until the bottom closure plate reaches the level of the cigarettes already contained in the hopper. At this point, a level sensing device gives a control signal for the side shifting, and consequent opening, of the discharge side of the tray. After the opening of the discharge side, the tray is again raised to its starting position.

Abstract: A servo instrument, particularly a servo altimeter, with a minimum of display error. The instrument comprises a capsule assembly, a sector adapted for rotation corresponding to the displacement of the capsule assembly, a photosensor for producing an output showing its angular position relative to the sector, a support for rotating the photosensor while supporting it adjustably in a direction of tracing the sector, a cam adapted to make the amount of the adjustment of the photosensor variable by the position of the support, a motor, means for generating a signal showing the rotating positional angle of the motor, and an amplifier for amplifying the output of the photosensor and driving the motor so as to maintain the output of the photosensor constant.

Abstract: A method and device for the electropneumatic testing of the air permeability of filter plugs for filter cigarettes. At one end of the filter plug there is applied a pneumatic pressure, the other end of the filter cigarette being connected, through a bore with the atmosphere. The pneumatic pressure applied at the inlet end of the cigarette plug is transformed into an electric test signal, and the signal is compared with an upper alarm threshold and with a higher upper reject threshold respectively, as well as with a lower alarm threshold and an inferior lower reject threshold. The test signal emitted upon reaching of the upper or lower alarm threshold initiates the operation of alarm indicators and/or sends a signal for the control of the filter plug producing machine, so as to modify the air permeability of the filter plugs. Upon reaching the upper or lower reject threshold, it causes rejection of the defective filter plugs.

Abstract: In a high frequency resonator for accelerating a beam of heavy ions in an accelerator, which resonator includes a cylindrical resonator housing having a beam inlet end via which the beam enters the housing, a beam outlet end via which the beam leaves the housing and a longitudinal axis defining a path for travel of the beam between the ends, two opposed end walls each at a respective end of the housing, and an even number of elongate, conductive current collectors disposed within the housing, extending longitudinally thereof, and spaced apart equidistantly about the beam axis, with every other collector being connected to one end wall and the intervening collectors being connected to the other end wall, the number of such collectors being at least four, each end wall is provided with a central opening surrounding the longitudinal axis of the housing, each current collector extends the full length of the housing, and each collector has two longitudinal ends one of which extends into the opening of that end wal

Abstract: An electrical probe apparatus for facilitating the testing of printed circuit boards is constructed in a gas tight manner. This allows the printed circuit board to be held by suction without losing vacuum pressure through the probe. A silicon rubber sleeve serves as the vacuum seal, and its resilience urges the probe into firm contact with the circuit under test.

Abstract: A stabilized power supply which is particularly suitable for use at very high voltages derives its energy from a resonant inverter feeding a transformer and rectifier. The power supply is intended to be operated in a pulsed mode with the generation of each pulse reducing the output voltage below its required value. The output capacitive stages of the power supply are subsequently re-charged and an input switch is rendered non-conductive when the output voltage regains its required value. As it is not possible to switch off a resonant inverter during the course of a cycle, the energy obtained from the inverter during the remainder of the current cycle is fed into another capacitive stage. The second stage may also be utilized as an unregulated output rail of the power supply. The invention is particularly suitable for power travelling wave tube amplifiers.

Abstract: In an infinitely variable cone pulley transmission having a driving shaft connected to a source of driving power, a driven shaft, a pair of conical discs nonrotatably mounted on each shaft with at least one disc of each pair being axially displaceable on its associated shaft, an endless transmission element adapted to run between the two pairs of discs for transmitting power between the shafts, a cylinder-piston unit associated with one axially displaceable disc on each pair for urging that disc toward the other disc of the same pair with a force proportional to the pressure of fluid in the unit, a distributing valve arranged to be arbitrarily adjusted to vary the speed ratio of the transmission, and connected to a pressure fluid source and to each unit for supplying pressure fluid thereto, and a normally-closed control valve connected in fluid flow communication with the distributing valve for controlling the fluid pressure in the unit associated with the driven shaft, the closing force presented by the cont

Abstract: A microprogrammed word processor, e.g., a typewriter or accounting machine or billing machine, has both normal and special modes of operation. During the normal mode, as alphanumerics and control characters (e.g., space, tab, line feed) are keyed in, the printing carriage is stationary at a margin. While fed-in characters are being memorized in the normal mode, the alphanumerics are viewable on a display. However, neither printing nor carriage movement takes place until later, when one of several separate print instruction signals are recognized by the computer program. During a special mode, as characters are keyed in, there is still no printing of alphanumerics; but, there is non-printing carriage movement along the line of print, to the particular printpoint associated with each keyboard actuation.

Abstract: A segmented discharge tube device is provided, particularly for the discharge tube of a laser, in which a number of electrically isolated aluminium segments presenting a passage through which plasma may pass are located within an aluminium tube with heat conductive electrically insulating material in the form of anodization between the outer surfaces of the segments and the adjacent inner surfaces of the tube.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for inhibiting the corrosion of an installation, made of a material chosen from amongst the metals which are less noble than hydrogen, and their alloys, in contact with an acid bath containing an alkylpyridinium chloride.A soluble cyanide complex, which is capable of forming an insoluble compound by reacting with ferric ions in the bath, is added to the bath so as to limit the concentration of the ferric ions in the bath to a maximum of 30 mg/kg. The content of ferric ions in the bath is controlled by means of a potentiometric measurement so as to bring the potential of the bath into the region of a predetermined value.The invention applies in particular to the treatment of baths for cleaning or descaling steel installations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for periodically discharging batches of a glass melt from a ceramic glass melting furnace in which localized heating energy limitable in time is supplied to the glass melt by means of electrodes in the furnace, the furnace being provided at its bottom with an induction heatable outlet member of ceramic material presenting a vertically oriented outlet passage for discharge of such batches, the furnace being operated to cause the outlet passage to be closed by a plug of the glass when no discharge is to take place, in which such plug is melted for discharging a batch of the glass melt via the outlet passage by preheating the outlet member and the glass plug by induction heating up to a preheating temperature which is below the melting temperature of the glass and above which the rate of increase of the electrical conductivity of the glass plug as a function of increasing temperature is greater than that of the ceramic material of the outlet member, and then further heating the plug, while

Abstract: A method for producing a superconductive wire of multifilaments having components comprising niobium and aluminum encased in copper or a copper alloy, wherein the multifilament configuration and the formation of a superconductive Al5 phase are positively developed from the components disposed in a copper or copper alloy tube having an interior metallic coating serving as a diffusion barrier, by cold forming and subsequent heat treatment.

Abstract: An improved vaneless fluid impeller of the friction type including a plurality of co-rotating axisymmetrical aligned spaced annular disks mounted for rotation about a common axis. Depending on whether a low kinematic viscosity or a high kinematic viscosity fluid is being utilized, the spacing between adjacent side surfaces of the disks decreases with increasing radial distance from the axis of rotation or increases with increasing radial distance from the axis of rotation, respectively, to provide increased energy transfer efficiency. The impeller with variable inter-disk spacing may be used either for radial flow directed outwardly or radial flow directed inwardly.

Abstract: In an antilocking control system in which wheel speed is monitored to control a braking operation in a manner to prevent locking of the braked wheels, a tendency of the wheel velocity to decrease more rapidly than a reference rate acts to reduce the brake pressure, and a subsequent tendency of the wheel velocity to increase acts to either hold constant or to gradually increase the brake pressure.