Abstract: A substantially pure mixture of tetrabromotetrachloroperfluorododecanes of the empirical formula C.sub.12 Br.sub.4 Cl.sub.4 F.sub.18, of which the isomer ##STR1## is a significant part, is prepared by oligomerizing bromotrifluoroethylene in the presence of chlorine and distilling, thereby obtaining a substantially pure mixture of trimers of the empirical formula C.sub.6 Br.sub.3 Cl.sub.2 F.sub.9, of which the isomer ##STR2## is a significant part and reacting the trimer mixture with zinc in the presence of acetic anhydride to form a perhalododecane. The product is especially useful as a gyroscopic flotation fluid because of its stability, homogeneity and density.

Abstract: A self-emptying clarifying drum has a first paring disk disposed in a first paring chamber for the removal of the clarified liquid and an automatically operating apparatus for sensing the solids level in the separating chamber of the drum. The apparatus includes a plurality of passages formed between the drum cover and a separating plate and which lead from the separating chamber to a second paring chamber provided with a second paring disk for the removal of a small portion of the clarified liquid. The outlet passage of the second paring disk is in communication with the outlet for the clear phase and is connected to a flow measuring apparatus which is coactive with a control apparatus for effecting the discharge of solid matter from the drum.

Abstract: A perfluoroalkane-sulphinic acid of the formula R.sub.F --SO.sub.2 H is reacted with a diene at -20.degree. to +20.degree. C. to form the new intermediate ##STR1## in which R.sup.3 -R.sup.8 are hydrogen or various organic radicals or double bonds, and that is reacted with a .beta.,.beta.-dimethyl-acrylic acid derivative of the formula ##STR2## in the presence of a base at a temperature between about -20.degree. and +30.degree. C. to produce a cyclopropane carboxylic acid derivative of the formula ##STR3## in which Z is alkoxycarbonyl or cyano and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or various organic radicals. The products are known intermediates for insecticides.

Abstract: A process for the production of an improved photographic image is provided which comprises imagewise exposing photographic material which comprises on a support base at least one light-sensitive negative-working silver halide emulsion layer containing a color coupler (receptor layer) and in which after color processing a negative dye image only is formed, there being associated therewith at least one light-sensitive negative-working silver halide emulsion layer containing at least one DIR compound (development inhibitor releasing compound) and in which after processing no photographic image is present (donor layer), developing the photographic material in a color photographic developing solution to form a negative silver image in the layer which comprises the DIR compound and a coupled compound with the DIR compound in the areas in which the silver has been developed, so releasing the DI compound imagewise from the DIR compound and allowing the DI compound to diffuse imagewise into the layer containing the co

Abstract: The invention provides a method of performing a unidimensional and bidimeonal microgel electrophoresis which method comprises first performing a unidimensional microgel electrophoresis in a capillary gel and then removing the capillary gel from its capillary tube, wherein a capillary gel rodlet obtained after said unidimensional microgel electrophoresis is disposed along one side edge of a capillary gel slab and bound to the latter and then performing the second dimension of the bidimensional microgel electrophoresis in the capillary gel slab.

Abstract: A novel process for the purification of industrial effluents, wherein the effluents are brought into contact with cationically modified, cellulose-containing materials, the cationic constituent of which is bonded to the cellulose part via the grouping of the general formula--O--CH.sub.2 --N<in which the nitrogen belongs to an amide group of the cationic constituent and the oxygen is bonded to the cellulose part.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for thermally decomposing salts, containing mainly ferrous sulfate wherein said feed material is contacted in a single suspension-type exchanger with exhaust gases formed by reaction of the oxygen-containing gases in the fluidized bed reactor, the fluidizing gas and at least a partial stream of the secondary gas stream are heated by an indirect heat exchange in a fuel-heated heat exchanger, and the quantity of oxygen introduced via which consists of the fluidizing gas and the secondary gas, is controlled in dependence on the quantity of fuel in order to receive an exhaust gas from the suspension-type exchanger with a free oxygen content of 1-6% by volume and a temperature of 300.degree.-450.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a hydrolyzable titanyl sulphate solution comprising adding sulphuric acid having a concentration greater than about 86% to a ternary mixture of two slags and an ilmenite to bring the proportion by weight of H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 to TiO.sub.2 to from about 1.7:1 to 2.2:1 and adding water, dilute sulphuric acid or oleum in amount sufficient to bring the H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 concentration to from about 86 to 96%, thereby to form the titanyl sulphate solution, the first slag having a TiO.sub.2 content greater than about 80% and a Ti(III) content of about 22 to 40%, the second slag having a TiO.sub.2 content of about 60 to 80% and a Ti(III) content of about 5 to 15%, and the ilmenite having a ratio of Fe(III) to Fe(II) of from about 1:1 to 10:1, the slags and ilmenite being present in such proportions that the ternary mixture of raw materials obtained has a molar ratio of Ti(III) to Fe(III).gtoreq.1.4.

Abstract: Method and an apparatus whereby electron beam deep welding can be performed at pressures of more than 10 millibars, especially under atmospheric conditions, without the need for complex apparatus. This is achieved by guide surfaces disposed between a seam and an electron beam source, so as to reflect the diverging electrons and at the same time reduce the free access of the ambient gas atmosphere. The electron reflection and the simultaneous blocking off of gases is achieved by guide surfaces substantially parallel and symmetrical with the beam axis which extend along the beam for at least ten millimeters. The distance between the guide surfaces through the center of the electron beam is greater than the diameter which the beam has upon entering into the higher pressure area.

Abstract: In the preparation of a 1-alkyl- and 2-aryl-thio-methylphenol of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is, or the radicals R.sup.1 are, in the 3-, 5- and/or 6-positions relative to the hydroxyl group and each independently is a hydrogen or halogen atom, or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkoxy group,n is 1, 2, or 3, andR.sup.2 is an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted phenyl radical or an optionally substituted aralkyl radical,by reacting a phenol of the formula ##STR2## with formaldehyde or an formaldehyde producing compound and with a mercaptan or a thiophenol of the formulaR.sup.2 --S--H.the improvement which comprises effecting the reaction at a temperature of about 90.degree. to 220.degree. C.

Abstract: A process of preparing a carboxylic acid amide which comprises reacting (a) an aldehyde with (b) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, a primary amine and a secondary amine in the presence of a molecular oxygen-containing gas and palladium metal or platinum metal as the catalyst.

Abstract: A method for processing exposed silver dye-bleach materials using novel preparations for combined dye bleaching and silver bleaching is described. In addition to a strong acid, a water-soluble iodide, a water-soluble oxidizing agent, an antioxidant and, if desired, a bleaching accelerator, these preparations also contain a mixture of 1,4- or 1,2-diazines as bleach catalysts. This mixture consists either of at least two bleach catalysts with redox potentials between +105 mV and -30 mV, the difference between the redox potentials of the catalysts being at least 15 mV, or of at least one bleach catalyst with a redox potential between +60 mV and -30 mV and at least one bleach catalyst with a redox potential between -30 mV and -100 mV, the difference between the redox potentials of the catalysts likewise being at least 15 mV.When exposed dye-bleach materials are processed using these preparations, images with improved color quality are obtained.

Abstract: A device for controlling actuators by pneumatic pulses includes a casing having an inlet for vacuum pulses and an outlet connectable to an actuator. A control wheel is rotatably mounted in the casing and has a plurality of indentations therein. A plunger is disposed in a chamber in the casing and is sealingly guided for movement from a normal rest position wherein the plunger is engaged with one of the indentations to a retracted position when the chamber is evacuated, wherein the plunger is engaged with a successive indentation. Rotation of the control wheel is effected when the plunger returns to the rest position. Fluid communication is provided between the inlet and the outlet and between the inlet and the chamber in the casing through the control wheel to control the supply of vacuum pulses to the outlet and to the chamber in dependence on the angular position of the control wheel.

Abstract: A packing ring comprises a stiffening ring having an angular profile and an angularly profiled sealing element fastened thereon composed of an elastomeric material and having the configuration of a two-armed lever. The sealing element comprises a membrane portion forming one arm, a sealing lip on the other arm and an annular portion fastened by the membrane to the annular portion of the stiffening ring. The radial portion of the stiffening ring and the membrane portion define a cavity therebetween and a fulcrum axis is provided centrally of the two arms to pivot the sealing lip into contact with the surface to be sealed.

Abstract: In the manufacture of double-wall plastic tubing in which the outer wall has transverse corrugations and the inner wall is smooth, in the case of annular transverse corrugations the air pressure between the two walls cannot be balanced with the external air pressure, resulting in deformations of the inner tube. To permit an equilibrium of pressure before the inner wall hardens, openings are pierced in the outer wall or openings are produced between the two walls for communication between the inner chambers of the transverse corrugations. After the hardening of the inner tube, these openings are reclosed by fusion.

Abstract: An improvement in a method for manufacturing a composite safety glass wherein one or more silicate glass panes is bonded to a plasticized synthetic resin film at an elevated temperature, the improvement residing in employing as the plasticized synthetic resin film a soft film of a polymer of ethylene and/or propylene and effecting the bonding under pressure at a temperature of at least 120.degree. C. and up to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: New optical brightening agents and photographic materials which contain in at least one layer these brightening agents are provided. The compounds have the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 are alkyl R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, X is --NH--, --O-- or --S--, L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are alkylene oxide chains and M.sup..sym. is a hydrogen or an alkali metal cation.These brightening agents enhance the brightness in the white areas of photographic print materials.

Abstract: In a system for the transmission of ground vibrations to an ignition device, a frequency filter and a timing circuit are disposed between the sensor and the ignition device. The timing circuit permits the feeding of the output signal of the frequency filter to the ignition device only after the mechanical vibrations producing the output signal of the frequency filter have acted on the sensor for a predetermined, variable period of time.

Abstract: An isotope separation apparatus comprises a plurality of independent developing units, each comprising 2 to 20 adsorbent-packed columns forming a continuous developing circuit or passageway, and the developing units are connected to at least one common main pipe for supplying an isotope mixture solution, a regenerating agent solution, or an eluent solution. Also, in a further embodiment the developing units are connected to common liquid-discharge main pipes.The separation or concentration of isotopes such as uranium isotopes, nitrogen isotopes, boron isotopes, etc., is performed by continuously developing the isotope mixture solution passed through the individual adsorbent-packed columns successively in each developing units.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the determination of peroxidase in the presence of a compound, the enzyme-catalysed oxidation of which with a peroxy compound results in the emission of light, which is measured, wherein 7-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid hydrazide of the formula ##STR1## is used as light-emitting compound. The present invention also provides a reagent for the determination of peroxidase, comprising 7-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid hydrazide, a system providing hydrogen peroxide and a buffer substance of pH 6 to 9.