Abstract: A data processing arrangement which comprises a memory device provided with a memory with a first field in which memory words are stored or can be stored and a second field in which an error protection bit can be stored for every memory word from the first field. The memory device further comprises an error protection bit generator for the generation of error protection bits and a coincidence circuit. This coincidence circuit operates in two different modes, on the one hand, an error protection mode in which error protection operations, suh as for example the use of parity bits, take place in the known manner and, on the other hand, a coincidence mode in which the error protection operations are suppressed and replaced by coincidence operations. These coincidence operations make it possible to find out whether access operations are being performed at pre-determined memory addresses.

Abstract: The central processor of a telecommunication system is designed for performing many as well as a great variety of tasks. Owing to the more or less accidental character of the demand for processor time (long) waiting times can arise or even overload can occur. The method according to the invention has for its object to avoid this or to control this. As a measure for processor load it is suggested to take the number of calls in build-up phase and the queue length (the number of tasks waiting to be processed by the processor). Based on the value of the maximum number of tasks-in-process determined again and again it is detected whether a new task is acceptable in view of the tasks still waiting to be performed.

Abstract: X-ray examination apparatus includes a detector array 32 for the detection of the light beam 10. The array is set up in such a manner that image information from substantially the entire output screen of an X-ray image-intensifier tube incorporated in the apparatus can be detected. The detector array is used for brightness control and for adaptation of the quantities influencing the image quality. Use is made of a measured field which can be programmed spatial image imformation can also be used by the matrix form of the detector.

Abstract: A sampled synchronous transmission signal Vt is represented by a series of samples J at equidistant sampling instants. A computing circuit 5 computes the positions R of the sampling instants relative to the rising edges of a virtual reference clock Cref which is phase-locked to the channel clock. For each sampling instant the position R is determined on the basis of the position R of a preceding sampling instant and a measure Q of the difference in time between the sampling interval T and the period L of the virtual reference clock Cref. From the values of the successive samples J an interpolation circuit 2 derives the positions N of the detection-level crossings by the transmission signal Vt, which crossings represent a fixed phase position of the channel clock. After each detection-level crossing the measure Q of the time difference is corrected by circuit 3 and 4, depending on the difference between the positions N and R.

Abstract: A frequency-domain block-adaptive digital filter (FDAF) having a finite impulse response of length N for filtering a time-domain input signal in accordance with the overlap-save method includes window means (11) for obtaining modifications (B(p;m)) of the 2N frequency-domain weighting factors (W(p;m)) from correlation products (A(p;m)). A known FDAF of this type contains five 2N-point FFT's, two of which are used in the window means (11). By utilizing a special time-domain window function which can be implemented very efficiently in the window means (11) with the aid of a frequency-domain convolution, a FDAF of this type containing only three 2N-point FFT's is obtained whose convergence properties are comparable to those of the known FDAF containing five 2N-point FFT's.

Abstract: A local area network operates on the multiple bus system and with a plurality of interface modules connected between the multiple bus system and data-processing/generating subsystems. Each interface module is provided with several autonomously operating bus adapters connected to separate lines of the multiple bus system including locally controlled buffer memory means. Each interface module is further provided with a local distribution circuit connected to the buffer memory means of the interface module and to a host interface unit for the subsystem to be connected to the interface module.

Abstract: An SSB signal demodulator comprising an analog bandpass filter for band-limiting such signal, an analog-to-digital converter 20 for digitizing the band-limited signal, and a pair of quadrature related decimating filters (28, 29) for deriving quadrature related decimated signals therefrom which are applied to a Hilbert transform pair (30, 31). The upper or lower sideband signal is obtained by taking the sum or difference of the outputs of the Hilbert transform pair, and the resulting digital signal is reconverted to an analog signal. By using a decimation factor which is an odd numbered integer greater than 1, the periodic transfer function of the demodulator has alternate passbands and stopbands. This relaxes the performance requirements of the analog filter and of the Hilbert transform pair, and greatly enhances the adjacent channel selectivity of the demodulator.

Abstract: A block of code symbols is protected by a product code or a pseudo product code. First of all, all syndrome symbols are formed and all code words having a syndrome which deviates from zero are provided with a flag. Each non-redundant symbol forms part of a first code word and also of a second code word, the numbers of flags of first and second code words being separately summed. The code words are successively addressed and an error location is determined. When an error location forms part of an incorrect first code word as well as of an incorrect second code word, it is corrected; if the second code word is not signalled as being incorrect, however, the error will not be corrected. After correction, the syndromes are updated, the flags being updated and the summing results being decremented only if the syndromes of both relevant code words are zero. In the opposite case the flags will remain unmodified for the time being.

Abstract: Method of transmitting information by means of code signals, information transmission systems for carrying out the method, and transmitting and receiving apparatus for use in the information transmission system.A method of and system for transmitting n-bit information words is revealed, using code signals (Sc, x.sub.i) in which the bits (b.sub.1, b.sub.2, b.sub.3, b.sub.4) having corresponding bit positions in different information words are always represented by frequency components (fd1, fd2, fd3, fd4; fh1, fh2, fh3, fh4) in the same frequency range of the frequency spectra of the code signals (Sc, x.sub.i). Bits having different bit positions are represented by frequency components which are situated in different frequency ranges of the frequency spectra of the code signals. After transmission of the code signals the individual bits of the information words are recovered by means of frequency-domain detection.

Abstract: A digital telephone set dial pulsing circuit in which the line current switching element is a bipolar transistor. To keep such switching transistor constantly in the saturated state irrespective of the magnitude of the line current, its base is driven by a current source supplying a current linearly related to the line current. In order to prevent an excessive voltage drop in the current source, which would reduce the voltage for the remaining circuits of the telephone set, the current source is voltage-controlled by a control circuit which provides a control voltage linearly related to the line current.

Abstract: A telecommunication system comprising a bus conductor to which respective stations are connected by respective transformers, communication taking place via voltage pulses V.sub.p on the bus. Each voltage pulse V.sub.p causes a magnetizing current i.sub.m to be developed in the spurious self-inductance of each connected transformer, which if not compensated will cause a faulty voltage to arise after termination of the pulse and so result in faulty information transfer. The invention provides a controllable voltage source which generates a compensating current i.sub.c in the winding of each connected transformer to compensate this faulty voltage, so that at the instants of pulse termination the total magnetization of all transformers remains unchanged.

Abstract: The invention relates to a charge-coupled image sensor of the line transfer type comprising a number of parallel lines (2-6) which are each constituted by an n-phase CCD. An electrode (12-16) of each CCD is arranged parallel to this CCD separately for each CCD. The other (n-1) electrodes (17-20) extend transversely to the charge transport direction over all CCD's. The first-mentioned electrode (12-16) is used as a selection gate and is moreover used, depending upon the applied voltage, as an integration gate or as a blocking gate during the integration period.

Abstract: A cellular digital radio transmission system which increases the number of available communication channels between base stations and mobile stations in such system. Message transmission from a base station to its assigned mobile stations is effected by a combination of time-division, code-division and frequency-division multiplexing. Message transmission from the mobile stations assigned to a particular base station is effected by at least one of such multiplexing modes.

Abstract: Projectiles fired toward a target are provided with target tracking devices for automatic guidance. To improve accuracy of fire at least one projectile in a burst is provided with an illumination source which is activated by a target detector at the end of the projectile trajectory. The source selectively illuminates the target and its closest surroundings with radiation for which the target tracking device in other projectiles is sensitive. A following projectile corrects its trajectory toward the target. All projectiles in a burst can be provided with an illumination source which is activated at the end of the trajectory as a guidance aid for following projectiles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a safe and arm mechanism for an exploding projectile to be fired from a rifled gun. The projectile first experiences axial and angular acceleration which moves a setback ball to initially arm the mechanism. A third projectile parameter, angular velocity, functions to lock the ball in the armed position. During projectile flight, a spin actuated escapement mechanism moves toward a fully armed position, but may be precluded from reaching that fully armed position by a command arm arrangement. The projectile is then fully armed when a command arm signal releases the arrangement and the escapement mechanism is allowed to complete its motion to the fully armed position. When the projectile strikes a target, it experiences axial deceleration which moves a contact ball partway to a detonating position. After the projectile passes through the target surface and into a void, e.g.

Abstract: A three winding induction compass mounted in a host vehicle has each winding output coupled to an analog to digital converter. Each winding output is weighted and accumulated by a push down stack circuit to obtain a time filtered output; the filtered outputs are mapped into equivalent two winding outputs as the vehicle is turned in a 360.degree. circle to form sensitivity values from the windings readings and using these values to obtain measurement parameters which are incorporated into a least squares matrix which is solved for calibration coefficients to obtain the calibration parameters representing the distortions due to the permanent and inducted magnetism of the host vehicle and due to winding imbalance between the three windings and misorientation of the three windings. The calibration parameters are applied to the outputs of the three windings to obtain an equivalent two winding output which is normalized for determining the corrected compass heading.

Abstract: A reluctance motor comprises a stator (S) provided with coils (W1, W2), and a rotor (R). The rotor R has pairs of positions of stable equilibrium and pairs of positions of unstable equilibrium. The reluctance motor is started by first bringing the rotor into a first position of stable equilibrium (.theta.=-.theta.ms) by means of a first energizing current and subsequently rotating it towards a second (.theta.=0) of stable equilibrium by means of a second energizing current.

Abstract: A bistable electromechanical transducer is disclosed having an armature reciprocable between first and second positions, a permanent magnet latching arrangement for maintaining the armature in the respective positions, and an electromagnetic repulsion arrangement operable when energized to dislodge the armature from the position in which the armature was maintained and causing it to move to the other of the positions. In a preferred embodiment, the transducer takes the form of an electronically controllable valve mechanism for use in an internal combustion engine and has an engine valve with an elongated valve stem along with the electromagnetic repulsion arrangement for causing the valve to move in the direction of stem elongation between valve-open and valve-closed positions.

Abstract: An apparatus for data transfer with a portable electronic card, for example a payment card or a credit card. It comprises a housing into which a card is introduced. When the card is introduced, a hook is taken along, which is connected to a carriage, which carries compression springs in the form of laminations moulded from one piece with the carriage and which press a flexible insulating foil against the card when due to the introduction of the card the carriage is lowered to the latter by guiding means. The part of the film which is pressed against the card carries metallic contact elements connected through conductive leads to another part of the same foil, which part carries the electronic elements which ensure data processing.

Abstract: Finite audio and video signals are subjected to a digitizing code format and converted into blocks of audio and video words respectively. For the transmission of these blocks via a record carrier (2), for example a compact disc, the words are arranged in frames, Each frame has a frame header (8.1) and a data field (8.2). Such a data field contains information words in the form of either audio words or video words. The header indicates whether the associated data field contains audio words or video words. At least two audio signals associated with a video signal are recorded on the record carrier. An example of this is a "slide show" in which the explanatory text is available in two or more languages (e for English, f for French). The frame header of the frames containing an encoded audio signal also indicate to which one of the two or more audio signals the information words in an audio frame belong. Further, reference signals and additional frames (6)are recorded in the record carrier.