Abstract: Disclosed is a cushioning material for a polishing pad, which hardly suffers swelling deformation caused by water because it is extremely low in water-absorbing characteristics and water-swelling characteristics. The cushioning material for a polishing pad includes a polyurethane foam capable of polishing even a semiconductor wafer having an undulated surface or a wafer having a local step that is formed during circuit forming process so that the undulation or step becomes smaller by uniformly polishing an entire surface of the wafer along the undulation or step. The cushioning material for a polishing pad is characterized by including a polyurethane foam obtained by reacting polyol and polyisocyanate with each other, the polyurethane foam having a contact angle with water of 90° or more. The polyurethane foam is preferably made by using hydrophobic polyol, and preferably has a self-skin layer formed thereon.

Abstract: A system for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle is provided. The system comprises a hydraulic pump configured to be powered at least partially by a source other than the engine; an adjustable hydraulic engine actuator configured to be adjusted by hydraulic fluid of the pump; a control system configured to adjust said adjustable hydraulic actuator.

Abstract: An air fuel injection engine including an air-intake passage configured to guide air taken in from outside to a combustion chamber formed by a cylinder block and a cylinder head, a fuel injector configured to inject fuel to an interior of the air-intake passage, and a water jacket through which cooling water flows to cool the air-intake passage. As viewed in a plane crossing an air flow direction in the air-intake passage and passing through a predetermined region of an inner wall of the air-intake passage, the predetermined region including a crossing point at which a fuel injection center line of the fuel injected from the fuel injector crosses the inner wall of the air-intake passage, the water jacket is configured to extend away from the crossing point along a circumferential direction of the air-intake passage, from a region near the predetermined region.

Abstract: A system and method for storing and purging fuel vapors for an internal combustion engine comprising a compressor is presented. The system allows the canister to be purged even while the engine is operated at high engine load.

Abstract: A method for controlling at least valve to operate in at least a cylinder of an internal combustion engine coupled to a manifold, the method comprising of deactivating said valve in response to an operating condition of a vehicle electrical system, wherein during at least a first condition of the vehicle electrical system said valve is deactivated in a first position that allows at least some airflow between the cylinder and the manifold.

Abstract: A jet-propulsion personal watercraft includes an engine configured to generate a driving power for generating a propulsion force to propel the watercraft, an engine speed changing system configured to be able to change an engine speed of the engine, a determiner configured to determine whether or not to execute control for effectively steering the watercraft at start of deceleration, and an engine controller configured to control the engine speed changing system based on information received from the determiner. The engine controller is configured to, when the determiner determines that the control for effectively steering the watercraft should not be executed, control the engine speed changing system so that a decrease rate of the engine speed immediately after the determination is smaller than a decrease rate of the engine speed in a case where the determiner determines that the control for effectively steering the watercraft should not be executed.

Abstract: A fuel pump drive system is provided. A system for an engine driven by an engine crankshaft may include a first variable cam device including a first hydraulic actuator, and a second variable cam device including a second hydraulic actuator. The system may further include an intermediate power transfer mechanism coupled between the first variable cam device and the second variable cam device upstream, in a direction of power flow from the engine crankshaft, of the first hydraulic actuator and the second hydraulic actuator. The system may further include an auxiliary device coupled to and driven by the intermediate power transfer mechanism. In this way, because the auxiliary device is driven via the intermediate power transfer mechanism and thus derives its power from upstream of the hydraulic actuator of the variable cam device, the actuator can be adjusted without having to overcome resistance torque of the auxiliary device.

Abstract: A junction connection is provided that is used to connect a torque transmitting junction component (2) to a hollow shaft (1). The junction component (2) includes a continuous recess which has a shape which corresponds to the outer cross-section of the hollow shaft (1) and which is used to receive the hollow shaft (1). The hollow shaft (1) includes a press stopper (8) in the connection area between the hollow shaft (1) and the junction component (2). The press stopper (8) forms, at least sectionally, a press fit with the wall of the hollow shaft (1). The junction connection enables the transmission of comparatively high torque during the entire service life thereof. The junction connection is also compatible with thin-walled, light-weight hollow shafts. The junction connection limits production costs, mounting and maintenance.

Abstract: A device and a method are provided for determining chlorine dioxide, especially in the presence of chlorine as a foreign gas. In the device the gas sample is exposed at first to a reagent for removing chlorine and subsequently to an indicator or to an electrochemical cell for the qualitative and/or quantitative determination of chlorine dioxide. The reagent for removing chlorine is or contains cyclohexylsulfamic acid and/or salts thereof. The device, through which flow can take place may be a test tube.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling EGR of an internal combustion engine is presented. The system is capable of controlling EGR over a wide range of flow rates.

Abstract: In a method for identifying a living tissue in an ultrasonic diagnosis, the elasticity of a living tissue to be diagnosed is measured for each local small area by using ultrasound. Elasticity data for each kind of known living tissue is composed of an elasticity modulus frequency histogram in each local small area for each kind of living tissue and is managed in a data library. Regarding the elasticity data serving as the measurement results, the kind of living tissue to be diagnosed is identified by using the elastic data for each kind of known living tissue.

Abstract: A chain guide for guiding a chain traveling around a sprocket supported on a frame of a motorcycle is disclosed. Typically, the chain guide includes a plastic chain guide support having a substantially U-Shaped body with a channel formed along an inner surface of the body. The body typically includes an outer surface and a ridge structure protruding outward from the outer surface so as to reinforce the chain guide support. The body of the plastic chain guide support is generally configured with at least one mounting hole sized to receive a fastener for securing the chain guide to the frame of the motorcycle. Typically the plastic chain guide support further is configured to house a chain guide insert in at least a portion of the channel.

Abstract: A system for controlling spark of an engine is disclosed. In one embodiment, a number of sparks produced by a spark plug is varied. The system may improve engine operation, at least during some conditions.

Abstract: A system for a vehicle, comprising of a diesel engine having an intake system and an exhaust system, a first EGR loop coupled between said intake system and said exhaust system and having a first valve and a first cooler located therein, a second EGR loop coupled between said intake system and said exhaust system and having a second valve and a second cooler located therein, and a control system operating the first and second valves in a first condition where both valves provide EGR flow to the engine, and at least temporarily increasing flow in the first EGR loop and decreasing flow in the second EGR loop when EGR flow is decreased to a condition where buildup in one of said coolers is increased.

Abstract: To protect a base metal layer (1) against high-temperature corrosion and high-temperature erosion, an adhesive layer (3) based on MCrAlY is applied to the base metal layer (1). The adhesive layer (3) is coated with an Al diffusion layer (4) by alitizing. The diffusion layer (4) is subjected to an abrasive treatment, so that the outer built-up layer (4.2) on the diffusion layer (4) prepared by alitizing is removed by the abrasive treatment. A ceramic heat insulation layer (2) consisting of zirconium oxide, which is partially stabilized by yttrium oxide, is applied to the diffusion layer (4) thus treated.

Abstract: An insulation displacement contact (IDC) is provided for use in a connector housing having an IDC receiving passage with insertion region first side edge and insertion region second side edge defining lower stops and upper locking catches. The IDC includes a base portion with a first IDC arm extending from the base portion and a second IDC arm extending from the base portion. The arms each have a lower portion with reduced dimension, a wire cutting/clamping region with an inner surface for insulated wire cutting and clamping, and an upper portion defining a region for introducing wires for termination. The IDC arms are flexible with respect to the base portion whereby the wire cutting/clamping regions cooperate for cutting and clamping insulated wires.

Abstract: A reaction surface array diagnostic apparatus and method of making the same includes a substrate carrying a plurality of reaction surfaces and a gasket having a plurality of through bores, each alignable with one of the reaction surfaces and forming a fluid tight well about each reaction surface when the gasket is sealingly affixed to the substrate. In one aspect, the gasket and the substrate are mounted in a support. In another aspect, a plate having a plurality of through bores is mountable on the gasket and substrate. Clamp members engage opposite side edges of the plate, the gasket and the substrate.

Abstract: A pivotable bracket is provided such that a constant moment of friction is present at the hinge (4). A first hinge part (5) is provided, which has a cylindrical pin (6) and a contact surface (11). A second hinge part (12) is provided, which has a bearing bush (13), which can be pushed over the pin (6), with two friction surfaces (15, 16) directed at right angles to the central axis (14). The second hinge part (12) is braced against the contact surface (11) by means of a tensioning device (7, 19, 20, 21, 22) arranged on the upper side of the pin (6).

Abstract: An image processing system and method, in which an image processing operation is performed on a pixel or pixels by selecting and applying one of a plurality of implementations of the image processing operation. The plurality of implementations is varied from time to time, such that one or more of the implementations is replaced with a different implementation or implementations.

Abstract: A small-sized motor includes a field magnet attached to an inner circumferential surface of a metallic motor casing and having four or more magnetic poles. The field magnet is formed of a single ring-shaped magnet member having a predetermined thickness with respect to the radial direction and a predetermined length with respect to the thrust direction. At each of portions between the magnetic poles formed through magnetization, the magnet member has a thin portion having a reduced thickness with respect to the radial direction, the thin portion being formed by cutting the magnet member from the radially outward side. The magnetization is performed in the radial direction so as to alternately form S poles and N poles in the circumferential direction. At each of portions between the magnetic poles, the magnet member may have cut portions formed at opposite end portions of the magnet member with respect to the thrust direction.