Abstract: The present apparatus is constructed for separating previously punched out workpieces from the surrounding waste material, for example, punched-out carton shapes. Preferably, the workpieces are arranged in a stack supported on a worktable. Power driven break-out tool means are located for up and down movement, as well as for lateral back and forth movement above the worktable. If desired, power driven push out means are arranged below the worktable with a push rail extending through a respective channel in the worktable. The break-out tool means and the push rail are arranged to be effective on a stack of workpieces on opposite sides and at opposite ends. The break-out tool and/or the push rail apply a levering action to the workpieces to break any lands or bridges which prior to such levering action connect the workpiece proper to the surrounding waste material.

Abstract: The present apparatus controls the position of the brake flap or air brake of an aircraft. The air brake is operated by a power amplifier including a pressure cylinder and a piston. The piston is mechanically coupled to the brake flap or air brake in such a manner that the displacement of the brake flap is about proportional to the brake flap angle. The pressure in the cylinder is controlled in response to or as a function of the brake flap angle so that the flap is positioned at the angle required for the particular braking action, whereby the force caused by the dynamic or impact pressure is maintained in equilibrium with the force exerted by the pressure piston cylinder arrangement.

Abstract: Very light weight containers are made of synthetic resin reinforced by fiber material, such as glass fibers or carbon fibers, by first manufacturing a hollow dimensionally precise core having the shape of the container and including access openings at each end of the container. The composite material is then applied to the prefabricated core and after the setting of the composite material the core is either completely or partially removed by chemical means, which are pumped through the inside of the container to etch away the core, which is, for example, made of aluminum. A very controlled and precise core removal may be accomplished in this manner.

Abstract: The present exhaust apparatus has a housing with a tiltable front wall and a tiltable bottom wall. The front wall carries the fan unit proper with its drive motor and filter and the tiltable bottom wall may be provided with a light. In order to monitor the operation of the fan in response to the contamination of a filter, there is provided a membrane switch which responds to a predetermined reduced pressure in a space between the filter and the exhaust fan, as well as a further circuit means which respond to the power consumption of the fan motor. The membrane switch and the further circuit means may be arranged in parallel or in series with an alarm device such as a light or a buzzer.

Abstract: This apparatus relates to a workpiece transfer mechanism wherein a tiltable workpiece transfer arm has a free end. A workpiece gripping device is secured to the free end of the tiltable transfer arm by a piston cylinder arrangement. The piston rod supports the workpiece gripping device and the respective cylinder is secured to the free end of the transfer arm. The pressure in the cylinder is separately controlled on opposite sides of the piston in the cylinder to move the gripping device in response to the operation of workpiece handling stations between which the transfer mechanism is arranged. The piston is axially movable relative to the cylinder but rotation of the cylinder is transmitted to the piston to tilt the gripping device independently of any tilting of the transfer arm.

Abstract: A pair of so called water shoes includes two members of mirror-symmetrical shape relative to a central, longitudinal plane. Each member or rather shoe includes a substantially vertically arranged floatation body for buoyancy and a substantially horizontally arranged floatation body for stabilization. The two floatation bodies of a shoe are connected to each other substantially at a right angle. In addition, each shoe is provided with paddles at least one of which operates as a standing foot when the shoes are used on land. The paddles are hinged to the underside, preferably of the horizontally extending floatation body so that they may flap into a retracted position when the particular shoe is pulled through the water in a forward direction and so that the paddles may increase the effective surface of the shoe when the latter is pushed in a rearward direction. The total buoyancy of each shoe may be variable relative to the weight of the person wearing the shoes.

Abstract: In a laser gyroscope it is desirable for precision operation to eliminate or effectively compensate temperature variations, as well as manufacturing tolerances. To this end the present laser gyroscope has two ring lasers physically arranged so close to each other that there is an optimal thermic contact between the two ring lasers. Temperature sensors are arranged in contact with the resonator circumference to control a piezoelectric resonator tuning device in response to temperature variations to compensate the same. The modulators of the lasers are periodically switched, for example, with the aid of Faraday cells to reverse the travel direction of the travelling waves to thereby compensate for manufacturing tolerances, and any remaining temperature variations.

Abstract: The present centrifuge is especially adapted for centrifuging massecuite in the production of sugar. Two functional and structural units are separated from each other in such a manner that each unit may be supported independently of the other unit, yet so as to properly cooperate with each other. Thus, an inner housing and the rotating drum with the drive means for the drum form an inner, integral unit while an outer housing and a cover as well as the massecuite supply means form a further, outer integral unit. A carrier member, preferably in the form of a hollow channel, extends from the inner housing through the outer housing to support the drum drive means outside of the outer housing, but as part of the inner unit.

Abstract: Gas separation nozzles are produced by machining the nozzle parts, such as a holding body and separation elements by moving sectional material, for example, prefabricated sectional steel or aluminum alloy rods through a high precision sliding guide path past a shaving tool, whereby the workpiece is pressed against supporting and retaining surfaces of the guide path at least at three points and a shaving tool is applied to the moving workpiece in an area defined by said three points so that the tool is effective as close as possible to the pressure applying points or areas. At least two separation elements are supported in a dovetail groove of a holding body so that nozzle edges of the elements extend into a gas deflection groove in the holding body. Where four separation elements are held in a common dovetail groove of the holding body, two of the four elements are provided with a gas deflection groove extending along its respective nozzle edge.

Abstract: A vacuum packaging machine is described in which two packaging material webs are used. One of these webs is fed continuously and the second web is sealed to it in a sealing station. Means are provided to reel off the second web in an intermittent way so as to allow the printing of data on the web using a simple printing apparatus.

Abstract: An ejector for the transport container of a missile is used in a missile launcher. The missiles are launched from the container which is then ejected by an ejector mechanism from the launcher proper. The ejector comprises a pair of axially spaced pivoted levers and first spring means for imparting an ejecting movement to said levers and second spring means for returning the levers to a ready position to receive another missile in its container.

Abstract: This apparatus removes individual sheets of paper or the like from a stack regardless of the thickness of each sheet. A sheet stack support is journaled in a housing in see-saw fashion. A first set of sheet separating rollers is arranged above the downstream end of the support as viewed in the direction of sheet movement. A spring urges the downstream end of the support upwardly and thus sheets on the support against the first set of rollers. A stop for the sheets is located adjacent to said downstream end of the support. A table is located substantially adjacent said downstream end and below a second set of sheet separating rollers. The table has a cut-out and a sheet separating gate slants through the cut-out below the second set of rollers. The gate is spring biased toward the second set of rollers. Further sets of rollers may be arranged downstream of the second set of rollers. These rollers are driven in such a manner that each downstream set runs faster than the next adjacent upstream set of rollers.

Abstract: A slip-free sheave or pulley has a housing forming a carrier roller with a circumferential groove and beads bulging out of the side walls of said groove. Inside the carrier roller is a control ring and a force ring arranged partially side by side. A journaled latch pawl cooperates with one of its ends with the force ring. The latching end of the pawl cooperates with a control member rotatably supported in the housing, whereby the sheave may be locked in one direction and freely rotatable in the opposite direction, or vice versa, and whereby the sheave may be controlled through the rope to be changed from one state, for example locked, into another state, for example freely running.

Abstract: A weatherproof decal employs an adhesive coating to hold the lettering or the like to a smooth surface. The adhesive coating covers the lettering and the spaces between the lettering. A further adhesive layer employing the same adhesive agent is present only in the area of the lettering in direct contact with the adhesive coating. The adhesive layer has an adhesive strength larger than that of the coating which holds the lettering. The adhesive strength is controlled by admixing talcum and a mineral oil to the adhesive agent.

Abstract: The present apparatus deposits a fleece of wood chips, particles or shavings on a conveyor belt for manufacturing panels. In order to avoid a uniform orientation of all particles in one direction and to assure an orientation of the particles in all directions in substantially uniform distribution, there is provided a particle flow disturbing device for disorienting the chips, particles or shavings as they are directed toward a conveyor belt. The particle flow disturbing device includes a plurality of screens, which intersect at a common axis, which is located slightly above and across the conveyor belt and which extends normal to the direction of movement of the conveyor belt. The wood chips are directed downwardly through the screens by an air current flowing generally in parallel to the conveyor belt to mix the descending wood chips. The common intersection axis of the screens is located upstream of the opposite edges of the screens with respect to the air current.

Abstract: The present granulating apparatus is especially suitable for chopping strands or thermoplastic material into small pieces as the strands emerge from nozzles. For transporting these strands when they are still hot and partially liquid from the nozzles to a cutting apparatus, there is arranged a chute between the nozzles and a pair of feeding rollers just upstream of the cutting apparatus. The feeding rollers exert a slight pull on the strands. The chute has an entrance end or inlet and an exit end or outlet, as well as a chute path interconnecting said ends, said chute path protruding at least at said ends from a common plane defined by the nozzles and by said feeding rollers, whereby the strands are pressed against the chute at least at the chute ends. A housing surrounds the cutting roller. Cooling water supplied to the housing is divided into a main stream and into a water curtain. The water curtain is so located that the cut off granules must first pass through the curtain before contacting the housing.

Abstract: A coupling rod for connecting the ends of a conveyor belt comprises a flele core enclosed within a plurality of sleeves, each of which has curved end faces in contact with mating faces of adjacent sleeves. The sleeves may have both end faces convex or concave, or one end face convex and the other end face concave. The sleeve bores may vary in diameter along their lengths, the smallest diameter being in the middle of the bore for a sleeve having both end faces convex, or at the concave end face of a sleeve having one end face convex and the other end face concave so as to bear evenly on the core when the rod bends under load.

Abstract: A wrapper, especially a mailing wrapper is secured to printed matter, such as a newspaper, by folding the paper with a wrapper strip loosely resting on the outside of the paper. After the folding, one end of the wrapper strip extends from the folded paper so that after tilting the paper and the extending wrapper strip the latter is wrapped around the paper. The wrapper strip is long enough to have a protruding end even after the folding and wrapping. The protruding end is then bent over the other wrapper strip end to overlap the latter whereupon the two ends are secured to each other, for example by gluing. In the present apparatus, a paper is advanced in a first direction into a position above a slot. A wrapper strip is advanced in a second direction extending at a right angle to said first direction to a position below said slot.

Abstract: A control valve absorption dynamometers has a closed end discharge conduit forming a cylinder with discharge openings in the cylinder walls. A floating piston is movable in the cylinder to vary the area of the discharge openings. A first piston surface is subject to the pressure at the exit port of the dynamometer or to the pressure downstream of a butterfly valve arranged between the piston and the exit port of the dynamometer. A second piston surface which may be smaller than the first piston surface is subject to pressure from the dynamometer exit or from a pump whereby the piston is moved for varying the area of the discharge openings in the cylinder wall. The intake of the pump may be connected to the inlet or exit port of the dynamometer. Flow control means may be located directly next to said exit port in said discharge conduit to convert a turbulent flow into a uni-directional flow.

Abstract: An indicating apparatus for indicating measured values in a digital manner, comprising a graduated plate adapted to be moved in accordance with the weight of an object to be weighed, the graduated plate being provided with numerical characters for indicating the weight in a digital manner and displacement indicating marks for detection of the displacement of the graduated plate, the numerical characters and displacement indicating marks being arranged in the direction of movement of the graduated plate, two light sources opposed to the graduated plate and individually correlated with two adjacent numerical characters, the two light sources being controlled so that either one of them is turned on in response to a signal indicating the displacement of the graduated plate represented by the associated displacement indicating mark thereby to indicate the measured value in a digital manner.