Abstract: The present circuit arrangement is, for example, useful for producing reference signals in response to the rotation of a body such as a wheel or rotor to be balanced. Source signals are produced in response to the rotation of said body. Circuit means are provided for handling and comparing the source signals in such a manner that the reference signals are provided at an output terminal in response to the occurrence of the center of a source signal or in response to the maximum of a source signal. The transmittal may also be controlled in response to the center and the maximum of a source signal.

Abstract: An electrical machine, such as a motor or generator, with a rotor is manufactured by first deep drawing the housing as two separate members from sheet metal, such as steel sheet metal. As a result of the deep drawing, each housing member is provided with a bearing seating surface for the rotor bearing and at least one housing member is provided with a shoulder for the stator also as a result of the deep drawing. The parts of the machine are assembled by a press fit between the rotor bearings and the respective bearing seating surface and preferably also between the stator and at least one housing member. The housing members are secured to each other either by a press fit or by radially outwardly extending ears or lugs produced by said deep drawing.

Abstract: The present circuit arrangement for generating a high voltage for the spark plugs of an internal combustion engine, includes an ignition coil having a secondary winding coupled to the spark plugs. One end of the primary winding of the coil is connected to one terminal of a battery by a conventional contact breaker. A capacitor and first switch are connected in that order between the other end of the primary winding and the other terminal of the battery. A diode is connected in parallel with the capacitor and first switch. A second switch is connected between the first terminal of the battery and the junction of the capacitor and the second switch. The first switch opens and closes in synchronism with the contact breaker. The second switch is open when the contact breaker is closed, and vice versa. The circuit functions as a voltage doubler whereby the voltage applied to the primary winding is doubled as compared to the battery voltage.

Abstract: The present drop-forging die includes an upper and a lower die member which re pressed together in the forging operation to form a closed cavity of the shape of the finished workpiece without a flash gutter at the interface of the die members. The die is constructed in a manner to force the heated material of the blank to follow a predetermined flow pattern whereby to completely fill the different spaces within the die cavity in a fixed sequence before the material is cooled off enough to cause fabrication defects. More specifically, the material is forced to first flow downwardly to fill a recess in the bottom of the lower die member. Thereafter the cavity elements of the upper die member are filled by a material flow in the opposite direction. For this purpose the blank rests on a narrow annular surface around its bottom edge portion and is mostly unsupported in its center portion above said recess.

Abstract: The present balancing method measures instantaneous analog unbalance representing signals and converts these signals into digital signals. The conversion involves multiplying the measured signals with reference values at least three times within each period of a reference signal. Said reference values are sine or cosine values of an oscillation having the same frequency as the unbalance vibration. The sine and cosine reference values are taken at points of time corresponding to the respective multiplication point of time. The products of all individual multiplications are separately summed for sine and cosine values and at least for one period of the reference signal. Thereafter mean values are formed from the two sums. The just mentioned signal processing steps are performed by digital circuits including digital multipliers, digital summing networks, digital mean value formation circuits, as well as a clock signal generator.

Abstract: This cutting apparatus includes a frame structure supporting a cutting roller and a counter pressure roller arranged at an angle relative to the feed advance direction of sheet material to be cut. Drive means are provided for the cutting roller and for the counter pressure roller in the form of a common drive chain positively interconnecting the rollers with a drive motor through an instantaneously operable clutch, such as an electro-magnetic or pneumatic clutch. A brake is provided between the cutting roller and the frame structure, whereby the control of the clutch and of the brake is such that engagement of the positive drive through the clutch disengages the brake and vice-versa.

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting an insulated wire, stripping the end thereof and twisting the wire strands, comprises an insulated wire intermittent supply, cutting blades to be driven to cut the wire during the stoppage of the wire supply and to be returned immediately thereafter. Front and rear stripping blades are driven to cut only the insulation of the wire at positions spaced forwardly and rearwardly of the wire cutting position. Front and rear insulation rotating bars are driven to contact the insulation forward and rearward of the wire cutting position and to move in the opposite directions to rotate the insulation thereof while the wire portions at the opposite sides of the wire cutting position are forcibly drawn in the directions away from the wire cutting position.

Abstract: A high concentration sugar solution is produced by contacting sugar crystals as they emerge from a centrifuging basket, with pressurized solvent liquid sprayed from a plurality of nozzles to form a turbulent mist of solvent and to envelope the sugar crystals which are forced to travel through said turbulent mist of solvent to impinge upon a baffle guide ring. The turbulent flow of solvent mist and solvent enveloped sugar crystals is guided along said baffle guide ring to a back-up location, where sugar solution, air, and liquid mist are forced through a gap and over a damming ring wall surrounding the gap. The centrifuge for performing the foregoing process includes a centrifuging basket with an upper rim over which the sugar crystals emerge. A solvent supply ring with nozzles facing toward the rim is arranged above the upper basket rim. The baffle guide ring curves downwardly and surrounds an inner housing which in turn surrounds the basket.

Abstract: The present hair dye is adapted for dyeing, re-dyeing and also for differently dyeing natural as well as artificial hair without showing a difference in the coloring result, or hue. For this purpose so-called oxidation dyes and soluble catalysts especially metal complex compounds are combined in a solvent wherein the components are at least partially solved to produce a solution and/or mixture wherein the proportion by weight of the catalyst is preferably kept below 1%. The hair dye according to the invention is especially suitable for application out of a spraying device such as an atomizer or an aerosol container whereby the pressure supplying means do not contain any oxygen.

Abstract: A rotary piston engine has a pair of lobed rotors affixed to parallel axes for rotation in respective connected cylinders defined by a housing. Pressure compensating channels are provided in the walls of the housing at the intersections of the connected cylinders, where the lobes of the rotors engage and lift-off from their respective cylinders. A fuel injection inlet is provided in the precompression region of the engine.

Abstract: The present heavy duty automatic circuit breaker is compact in construction, since all elements are coordinated to each other in an efficient manner. Thus, an upper arc guide plate of a quenching stack is extended to form the stationary contact member. The movable contact member is a single arm pivot contact arranged directly in front of said quenching stack. A lower arc guide plate of the quenching stack is extended and electrically connected to the movable contact member. The circuit breaker includes means for either manual or automatic circuit breaking, the latter in response to overload and/or excess temperature conditions.

Abstract: A continuously operable piston pump for conveying of viscous materials, such as mortar mixes or the like comprises first and second chambers separated from a pressure source, such as a piston cylinder arrangement, by respective flexible wall means. The chambers are connected in series with each other. The pressure source is controlled by a further piston cylinder arrangement including a control valve at each end of the control cylinder. The control valves are operated by a flip-flop means which in turn is actuated by means directly coupling the flip-flop means to the piston rod of the control piston cylinder arrangement. The pressure piston cylinder arrangement and the control piston cylinder arrangement are constructed to have a common axis, and thus also a common piston rod located in said axis. The control valves are connected to said common piston rod.

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting an insulated wire, stripping the end thereof and twisting the wire strands, comprises an insulated wire intermittent supply, cutting blades driven to cut the wire during the stoppage of the wire supply and returned immediately thereafter. Front and rear stripping blades are driven to cut only the insulation of the wire at positions spaced forwardly and rearwardly of the wire cutting position and returned after a predetermined period after return of the cutting blades. A pair of front insulation rotating bars are driven to contact the insulation rearward of the front insulation cutting position and moved in the opposite directions to rotate the insulation thereof while the cut wire length is forcibly moved in the supply direction thereof, whereby the end of the cut wire length is stripped and the strands thereof are twisted.

Abstract: A manufacturing method in which the life cycle of a silkworm, particularly the cocoon forming stage of the silkworm is utilized to insert a sounding object such as a bell in a cocoon formed by the silkworm and thereby to produce a material which is particularly well suited as a material for folk handicrafts personal dress accessories or as a decorative article. Further the cocoon may be colored by the silkworm itself.

Abstract: In the present method and apparatus materials such as hot and/or liquid foodstuffs are sealed into pouches or containers formed between layers or foils of a synthetic material, whereby gas above the material is evacuated prior to sealing of the containers or pouches. In order to avoid splashing of the material onto the sealing surfaces of the foils, the temperature of the material is measured just before the sealing step. The vacuum is adjusted as a function of the measured temperature to inhibit boiling of the material being packed and thus preventing the splashing of the material.

Abstract: A drum for a centrifuge has a shell with a radially outer layer of plastic resin free of fibrous material, a radially inner layer of a fine mesh metal fabric embedded in a plastic resin material, and a plurality of intermediate layers of fibers, such as glass fibers embedded in plastic resin material, with the fibers of adjacent layers extending in different directions. The ends of the drum are thickened, and secured to flanges of end plates by screws having axially extending holes. Radially extending holes at the center of the shell are provided with tubular inserts. The holes axially extending through the screws also extend substantially radially relative to the drum.

Abstract: A jet deflecting device has a first rotatable pipe section connected to the nd of an engine jet pipe and a second pipe section rotatably connected to the end of the first pipe section. Nozzle flaps are provided at the end of the second pipe section, and coupled to be moved inwardly and outwardly in response to axial movement of a nozzle actuating skirt slidably mounted at the end of the second pipe section. A first drive motor on the stationary jet pipe directly rotates the first pipe section by way of driving gears. A second drive motor is coupled by gears to rotate the second pipe section independently of rotation of the first pipe section, and a third drive motor is provided for rotating an angular gear carrier on the second pipe section independently of the angular position of the two pipe sections. An angle drive mechanism is provided for converting rotational movement of the angular gear carrier to axial movement of the nozzle actuating skirt for control of the nozzle flaps.

Abstract: A jet deflecting device has a first rotatable pipe section connected to the nd of an engine jet pipe and a second pipe section rotatably connected to the end of the first pipe section. Nozzle flaps are provided at the end of the second pipe section, and coupled to be moved inwardly and outwardly in response to axial movement of a nozzle actuating skirt slidably mounted at the end of the second pipe section. A first drive motor on the stationary jet pipe directly rotates the first pipe section by way of driving gears. A second drive motor is coupled by means of gears to rotate the second pipe section independently of rotation of the first pipe section. Actuating devices mounted on the engine jet pipe and providing a linear movement are coupled by way of actuating arms extending externally of the pipe sections to the nozzle actuated skirt for control of the nozzle flaps.

Abstract: The present tree bark removing apparatus is suitable for mounting on a carriage for mobile use and also for stationary installation, for example, in a saw mill. A frame structure supports two rows of driven wheels which form a tree trunk passage. The wheels are, for example, driven by a frictional contact with a drive roller extending along and in contact with the two rows of wheels. A tool supporting bridge carries a tiltable platform, which in turn has secured thereto a cantilever arm, the free end of which supports the tool head. The platform is tiltable by power means so that the free end of the cantilever and thus the tool may be brought into contact with a tree trunk, which is moved past the tool by the rotating wheels. For this movement the wheels extend at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the apparatus to propell the tree trunk past the tool whereby the tree trunk rotates simultaneously with the longitudinal movement.

Abstract: Method of producing a mixture of bitumen and subdivided solid mineral matter, comprising mixing pure bitumen with subdivided solid mineral matter containing moisture in at least such proportion as is picked up by the mineral matter from the atmosphere and heating the mixture to a temperature of about 120.degree. to about 250.degree. C.