Abstract: An optical device for obtaining a 3-dimensional signature or a plurality of 2-dimensional signatures for a given sample in order to detect predetermined chemical agents. The device comprises a light channel with a first sensing optical fiber with a coating thereon which changes its absorptive and refractive properties in the presence of a predetermined chemical agent, and a second light channel with a reference optical fiber isolated from the sample. A scanning monochromator is utilized to apply light beams to the sensing and reference fibers, and an optical detector is used to cross-correlate the outputs from the sensing and reference fibers. A variable optical delay line is disposed in one of the fiber channels in order to scan from 0.degree. to 360.degree. in phase shift for each light frequency. A 2-dimensional cross-correlation is obtained for this scan at this frequency. The scanning monochromator is set to run through a series of light frequencies in a given bandwidth.

Abstract: An integrated circuit structure which includes small area lateral bipolar and method for making the same is described. A semiconductor body, such as a monocrystalline silicon wafer, having surface regions thereof isolated from other such regions by a pattern of dielectric isolation is provided. At least two narrow widths PN junction regions are located within at least one of the surface regions. Each PN junction has a width dimension substantially that of its electrical contact. Substantially vertical conformal conductive layers electrically ohmic contact each of the PN junction regions. The PN junction regions are the emitter and collector regions for a lateral bipolar transistor. A base PN junction base region of an opposite conductivity is located between and contiguous to the emitter and the collector junctions.

Abstract: A method for making contact to a small area field effect transistor device is described. A monocrystalline semiconductor body having at least a surface region of a first conductivity is provided with a insulating layer over the surface region. A substantially horizontal first conductive layer is formed over the insulating layer. The insulating and first conductive layers are masked and etched to form openings in the layers to the semiconductor body where the source, drain and gate region of the device is desired to be formed. The openings have substantially vertical surfaces on the layered structure. A conformal, highly doped of a second conductivity conductive layer is formed over the openings having these substantially vertical surfaces and over the insulating and conductive layers.

Abstract: A 3 or more - dimensional optical processor for simultaneously processing ree or more parameters from a coherent emitter via an acoustic Bragg cell. For a 3-D processor, two separate antenna arrays (azimuth and elevation) are connected to excite two sets of acoustic transducer arrays on one edge of the Bragg cell. Multiplexing is achieved by the appropriate choice of the transducer array apertures. One transducer array set may have a narrow aperture to produce one wide first grating lobe pattern or a fraction thereof in a given focal plane (nonredundant imaging). The other transducer array set may have a wider transducer array aperture to produce a plurality of smaller second grating lobes within the first grating lobe pattern in the focal plane (redundant imaging). One coordinate axis of the focal plane represents the frequency of the emitter.

Abstract: A device for converting the kinetic energy of an intense relativistic electron beam (IREB) into trains of multi-gigawatt AC electrical pulses comprising a foilless diode for generating an IREB and injecting the IREB into one end of a drift tube. The device further includes a modulating circuit for modulating the IREB current while in the drift tube to obtain longitudinally spaced bunches of electrons, and a coaxial transmission line with the end of its center conductor disposed across the other end of the drift tube in the path of the IREB. A gap is disposed between the end of the drift tube and the end of the center conductor. The modulated IREB induces a voltage in the coaxial transmission line. This voltage appears across the gap to slow down the electrons and to convert the kinetic energy of the IREB into electrical energy that propagates along the coaxial transmission line.

Abstract: Bandwidth compression of speech signals is done by aliasing the fricativeund signals (4-8 KHz) into the voiced-sound signal band for transmission (0-4 KHz). To minimize distortion, aliasing (foldover) is done only when the fricative band power is more than twice the voice band power.

Abstract: A variable phase shifter based on the slow-wave effect for operation in the millimeter wave region, comprising a GaAs substrate for mechanical support; an n.sup.+ doped semiconductor layer disposed on the GaAs substrate for operation as a first ground plane; an n doped semiconductor layer disposed on the n.sup.+ semiconductor layer with a thickness to permit only one mode at millimeter wave frequencies to propagate, while suppressing higher order millimeter wave modes; and a Schottky metal microstrip with first and second ends disposed on top of the n doped semiconductor layer. Means are provided in the form of ohmic contacts for electrically connecting the n.sup.+ semiconductor layer to ground electrical potential. These ohmic contacts are disposed on top of the n doped layer, but are provided with a very large surface area contact to the n doped layer in order to significantly reduce the resistance between the ohmic contact and to the n.sup.+ semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A method and means for forming an in-line integrated optical fiber polarizer comprising the steps of providing a length of highly birefringent optical fiber, and thermal tapering one or more separated but approximately adjacent small sections of that optical fiber in order to reduce the core diameter at those sections. This core diameter reduction adjusts the V-value for the fiber so that polarization-dependent transmission effects become evident at the wavelength of operation.

Abstract: A triple matrix product processor for optically multiplying three matrices U. G, and V, comprising a matrix-vector processor for sequentially multiplying each column of an M.times.N matrix G by at least a row of a P.times.M matrix U so that the 1.sup.th column of G is multiplied by the at least a row of matrix U producing at least the il.sup.th element of an intermediate result. The triple matrix product processor further includes an outer product processor for multiplying at least the il.sup.th element of the intermediate result with the 1.sup.th row of an N.times.Q matrix V producing at least a row of an N.times.N outer product matrix in a first plane, and a time-integrating optical detector array for summing the light impinging on the first plane from the outer product processor to produce all or a portion of a P.times. triple matrix product after all of the N columns of the matrix G and all of the N rows of the matrix V have been cycled through the processors.

Abstract: A magnetic proximity sensor for detecting the proximity of a laterally mog magnetized target moving along a translation axis which is parallel to a line joining the targets magnetic poles, including: two ring-core flux-gate magnetometers disposed adjacent to each other with their axes of sensitivity in parallel, with both axes perpendicular to the magnetized target translation axis. The energizing coils of the flux-gate magnetometers are driven by an ac signal at frequency f.sub.o. The signal on the detecting coils in each flux-gate magnetometer is applied to a phase comparator via a bandpass filter tuned to the second harmonic of f.sub.o. When the signals applied to the phase comparator are of opposite phase, then the center plane equidistant from the target's magnetic poles is between the two axes of sensitivity of the magnetometers. When the signals are of the same phase, then the target's center plane is laterally outside of the these two axes.

Abstract: A lasing system for lasing at x-ray wavelengths. In one embodiment, a neoike sulfur ion S.sup.6+ plasma is caused to radiate on its 3d.fwdarw.2p transition to pump a lithium-like neon Ne.sup.7+ plasma to obtain x-ray lasing. In a second embodiment, a lithium-like silicon S.sub.i.sup.11+ ion plasma is caused to radiate on the 3d.fwdarw.2p transition to pump lithium-like magnesium Mg.sup.9+ plasma to obtain x-ray lasing.

Abstract: A chemical composition formed from a chelating agent, polymeryable bonding agent, and a high dielectric solvent which eliminates intermodulation interference when applied to "rusty bolt" junctions.

Abstract: A fiber optic magnetic gradiometer for measuring both ac and dc magnetic field gradients. The gradiometer utilizes an optical interferometer with magnetostrictive magnetic field sensing elements in each of the interferometer arms. Ac and dc magnetic field biasing is achieved by disposing each of the magnetic field sensing elements within its own magnetic field coil and utilizing a variable dc current source for applying dc current to each magnetic coil. An ac current source at frequency w.sub.o connected across the circuits for the dc current sources is used in conjunction with a variable attenuator to control the ac bias to the respective magnetic coils. The detected output from the interferometer is processed either by bandpass filters or a spectrum analyzer to obtain the signal component at w.sub.o, which is proportional to the external dc gradient magnetic field, and at w.sub.o +w.sub.s, (where w.sub.

Abstract: An adaptive N-pulse MTI processor for obtaining optimum clutter cancellation with a minimum of hardware, comprising a first input pulse line; first delay means for providing an interpulse delay T to pulses on this first input line; a first adaptive canceller with its auxiliary input connected directly to take pulses from the first input line, and with its main input connected to take delayed pulses from the first delay means; and N-2 series-connected canceller circuits, with each canceller circuit associated with a different level of pulses. The nth canceller circuit, where 1.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.

Abstract: A fiber optic interferometer-type magnetic field sensor which uses an automatic feedback system to limit the range of the magnetic field experienced by the sensor element. A high frequency bias field is mixed with the external magnetic field to be measured and the resulting interferometer output signal is converted to an electric output signal. The electric output signal is mixed with a reference signal having the same frequency as the bias signal to form a baseband negative feedback signal which is converted to a magnetic field and mixed with the bias and external fields to provide automatic feedback.

Abstract: A solid state detector for use in detecting submillimeter and millimeter wave radiation. The solid state detector comprises a semiconductor superlattice of alternating thin epitaxial layers of GaAs and AlGaAs doped with impurities having the same conductivity type. Because of the transfer of charge carriers in order to obtain thermal equilibrium, the charge carriers in the higher energy doped layer transfer to the adjacent lower energy doped layer and form a predetermined number of either D.sup.- or A.sup.+ centers in this layer. This D.sup.- or A.sup.+ center formation is obtained without the use of an optical bias. The ionization energy for these D.sup.- or A.sup.+ centers is small enough that photons from millimeter or submillimeter wave radiation is sufficient to ionize these carriers and yield a measurable conductivity in the device.

Abstract: A device for producing intensity-modulated light over a broad frequency range comprising a frequency tunable light soruce, a control line for controlling the frequency of the light source to provide a first frequency at a first time and a second frequency at a second time, and an interferometer with a differential path length. The interferometer functions to recouple the light frequencies after propagating along different interferometer paths to effect a frequency beating. The resulting beat frequency is the intensity-modulated light.

Abstract: A radar doppler processor, comprising M, M=N-1, tap delay lines; N digital multipliers; a N-point fast fourier transform network; and a fast orthogonalizing network to orthogonalize each subband output signal to eliminate cross-correlations between all output signals.

Abstract: Boric acid, an acidifying agent, and an optional complexing agent are mixed to form an aqueous solution which is used to etch and polish metal halide. The solution is used to wet a polishing pad which is mounted on a rotating planar wheel. The metal halide is brought into contact with the pad thereby polishing the surface of the metal halide.

Abstract: A compact and portable biosensor which can detect the presense of an environmental stimulus is produced by extracting cell membrane proteins which are specific for the stimulus, purifying the proteins, and reincorporating the proteins into synthetic membranes. Electrodes are used to measure the voltage or current changes across the membrane when the proteins in the synthetic membranes react to the specific stimulus. The magnitude of the changes indicate the concentration of the stimulus in the environment.