Abstract: Disclosed is a line card frame. The line card frame internally comprises a line card unit, a switching unit, and an optical fiber interface unit. The switching unit internally comprises a switching chip module and an onboard optical component module, the onboard optical component module being used for realizing mutual conversion of an optical signal and an electrical signal; an electrical signal interface of the onboard optical component module is connected to the switching chip module having an exchange routing function, and the switching chip module is connected to the line card unit by means of an electric connector; an optical signal interface of the onboard optical component module is connected to the optical fiber interface unit by means of an optical connector; and the optical fiber interface unit connects the optical signal to a cluster interface on a router panel by means of an optical fiber, and the cluster interface is used for realizing the cascading between different frames of a router.

Abstract: A method of transmitting a BGP message and a routing device are provided. According to an example of the method, a queue for holding BGP messages to be transmitted is partitioned into more than two subqueues according to types of BGP routes, where each of the subqueues is used to hold a BGP message carrying a corresponding type of BGP route. A BGP message carrying a BGP route to be advertised is placed into one of the more than two subqueues according to the type of the BGP route. A target subqueue is selected from the more than two subqueues according to a first scheduling algorithm, and a BGP message in the target subqueue is transmitted.

Abstract: Cable backplane systems and communication devices are provided according to examples of the present disclosure. In one aspect, a cable backplane system includes a frame and a cable unit; the cable unit includes a first connector array, a second connector array and communication cables; the first connector array is fixed on the frame, wherein a first connector in the first connector array is connected with a first plug-in card, first connectors in a same row are connected with a same first plug-in card; the second connector array is fixed on the frame, wherein a second connector in the second connector array is connected with a second plug-in card, second connectors in a same column are connected with a same second plug-in card; and the communication cables is connected with the first connector array and the second connector array.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for transmitting a packet. According to an example of the method, a Controlling Bridge (CB) device maintains a mapping entry representing a correspondence between a Port Extender (PEX) device and a Media Access Control (MAC) address of a host connected with the PEX device in a mapping table. The CB device receives a first data packet transmitted by a first PEX device, and determines a mapping entry in which the MAC address of the host matches a destination MAC address of the first data packet by querying the mapping table. Then, the CB device transmits the first data packet to a second PEX device in the mapping entry.

Abstract: Provided are a method and terminal device for installing an operating system. The method includes: copying an installation boot file in a mirror file of a to-be-installed-operating system into a root directory of a removable storage device attached to the terminal device, the mirror file being stored in the removable storage device; creating an installation script file where a pre-installation script indicates the mirror file is to be mounted to a first folder of the terminal device; designating in the installation script file that a storage address of software installation packages is that of the first folder; adding the installation script file to the mirror file and copying the updated mirror file into a hard disk, where the operating system is to be installed, in the terminal device to obtain a startup disk; and installing the operating system in the hard disk with the startup disk and installation boot file.

Abstract: A SDN controller calculates forwarding paths for a traffic flow based on SDN technology. The controller determines a maximum flow rate and flow rate identify of each forwarding path, generates ingress flow table entries based on packet characteristic information of the traffic flow, the flow rate identify and an output port of an ingress node on each forwarding path, and sends the ingress flow table entries and maximum flow rate and flow rate identify to the ingress node; generates intermediate flow table entry for each intermediate node base on the packet characteristic information, flow rate identify and an and the output port of each intermediate node, and send each intermediate flow table entry to corresponding intermediate node; generates an egress flow table entry based on packet characteristic information and an output port of an egress node for sending the traffic flow, and sends the egress flow table entry to the egress node.

Abstract: Provided is a flow path detection method. The method comprises: a controller in an SDN network issuing reporting indication information to a forwarding device in the SDN network, wherein the reporting indication information is used for instructing the forwarding device to report, when receiving a message matching a pre-determined message feature, message forwarding information corresponding to the message, and the pre-determined message feature comprises: a source IP address and a destination IP address of a detection message for detecting a path, and a controller identifier of a controller; the controller receiving the message forwarding information reported by a plurality of forwarding devices according to the reporting indication information; and according to the received message forwarding information reported by the plurality of forwarding devices, determining a forwarding path between the source IP address and the destination IP address for the detection message.

Abstract: A method and device for realizing automatic stacking of network devices are disclosed. According to an example of the method, when a network device determines its device role, the network device may send a first neighbor discovery message to a neighbor device and receive a second neighbor discovery message sent by the neighbor device. Next, if it determines that a topological structure between the network device and the neighbor device changes according to the second neighbor discovery message, the network device may determine whether a stacking condition to trigger stacking the network device and the neighbor device is satisfied or not. If the stacking condition is satisfied, the network device may further determine a stacking configuration for stacking the network device and the neighbor device. Then the network device may stack the network device with the neighbor device according to the stacking configuration.

Abstract: In an extended bridge comprising a controlling bridge and a port extender, the controlling bridge associates an aggregation port of a link aggregation group with a plurality of extended ports connecting to a same terminal on the port extender, and assigns an aggregation port identifier to the aggregation port. The controlling bridge associates an extended port identifier of each of the plurality extended ports and a cascaded port connecting to the port extender with the aggregation port. The controlling bridge associates the aggregation port with the aggregation port identifier and the cascaded port to determine to add the aggregation port identifier into a downstream unicast packet of which an egress port exiting the extended bridge is the aggregation port and to via determine to send the downstream unicast packet with the aggregation port identifier via the cascaded port.

Abstract: A NFV Manager receives user traffic notified by each sub vBRAS of each vBRAS. The NFV Manager calculates user traffic of the each vBRAS, selects a source vBRAS and a target vBRAS from all of the vBRASs, selects a migration sub vBRAS needing to migrate from the source vBRAS to the target vBRAS, and notifies the source vBRAS to send data relevant to the migration sub vBRAS to the target vBRAS.

Abstract: A method of transmitting a BGP message and a routing device are provided. According to an example of the method, a queue for holding BGP messages to be transmitted is partitioned into more than two subqueues according to types of BGP routes, where each of the subqueues is used to hold a BGP message carrying a corresponding type of BGP route. A BGP message carrying a BGP route to be advertised is placed into one of the more than two subqueues according to the type of the BGP route. A target subqueue is selected from the more than two subqueues according to a first scheduling algorithm, and a BGP message in the target subqueue is transmitted.

Abstract: A PE and a method of forwarding packet are provided. According to an example of the method, when receiving a packet, the PE may determine a vPort associated to a port through which the packet is received. When a forwarding entry adding condition is satisfied, the PE may add a first forwarding entry in a forwarding table by recording the first vPort as an egress port, a source MAC address of the packet as a MAC address and an VLAN identifier of the VLAN associated with the first vPort as a VLAN identifier. Subsequently, the PE may search the forwarding table for a second forwarding entry matching the destination MAC address of the packet and the VLAN to which the packet belongs. The PE may search a port associating relationship table for a port associated to a second vPort in the second forwarding entry to forward the packet.

Abstract: A Multibit Trie is created for routing distribution of IP prefixes in each Virtual Private Network (VPN); and each Multibit Trie is divided into multiple layers. When routing search is performed for an IP address of a VPN, an input key is generated for each layer respectively, the input key of the layer comprises a VPN identifier of the VPN and bits corresponding to all of at least one layer before the layer in the IP address. A calculation is performed for the generated input key of each layer by using a Hash function of the layer, and routing is searched for according to a data structure information pointer of a Sub_Trie node corresponding to a longest Hash hit result.

Abstract: Disclosed is a line card chassis which includes line card units, optical electrical conversion units and optical fiber interface units. The optical-electrical conversion unit has an onboard optical assembly module used for mutual conversion between an optical signal and an electrical signal; an electrical signal interface of the onboard optical assembly module is connected to the line card unit through an electrical connector, and an optical signal interface of the onboard optical assembly module is connected to the optical fiber interface unit through an optical connector; and the optical fiber interface unit couples the optical signal to a cluster interface of a panel on a router through an optical fiber, and the cluster interface is to concatenate different chassis in the router. Also disclosed is a multi-chassis cluster router and a packet processing method.

Abstract: A Software Defined Network (SDN) controller monitors load of Virtual FireWall (vFW) nodes in a firewall cluster in real time. When detecting that load of one or more vFW nodes is higher than a predefined first threshold, the SDN controller creates a new vFW node. The SDN controller selects a first flow, which is to be migrated, from flows passing through the monitored vFW nodes, updates a first flow entry corresponding to the first flow, and sends the updated first flow entry to a switch. The updated first flow entry indicates the switch to send the first flow to the new vFW node.

Abstract: Provided is a method and device for switching a primary/backup PW. When a primary PW is detected having changed into a Down status by a BFD session corresponding to the primary PW, PE searches for a matching switching information entry. When in the switching information entry indicates transmission switching is supported, and Failover value indicates that a packet is forwarded via a backup PW, the PE updates Failover value in a hardware protection switching entry to the Failover value in the switching information entry. When bRX in the switching information entry indicates reception switching is supported, the PE updates drop identifier in a hardware reception entry to a value indicating that a packet is received, and updates the bFS to a value indicating that transmission switching is not supported; and the PE reports a Down event of the primary PW.

Abstract: In an example, a method of updating Basic Service Set ID (BSSID) is provided. According to the method, a wireless bridge device determines whether a Service Set Identifier (SSID) carried in a received access packet transmitted by a first wireless access point is matched with a target SSID locally saved in the wireless bridge device. The wireless bridge device continues determining whether a BSSID carried in the access packet is identical to a locally saved target BSSID if the decision result is yes. Otherwise, the wireless bridge device determines whether the access packet carries configuration information of a second wireless access point currently associated with the wireless bridge device, and the wireless bridge device saves the BSSID carried in the access packet as the target BSSID if the access packet carries the configuration information.

Abstract: After receiving the packet, an operation type of an operation to be performed for a packet is identified, a key value is extracted from the packet and Hash calculation is performed for the extracted key value; a calculation result of the Hash calculation is taken as a Hash entrance, and at least one Hash index table entry is found from a local Hash index table; match operation is performed between the identified operation type and the at least one Hash index table entry; the packet is processed according to a matched Hash index table entry if the matched Hash index table entry is found.

Abstract: The server may be configured with two or more than two network cards. The server may advertise a route, which may comprise a network segment address of each local network card and an IP address of the server, to a route neighbor of the server via the each local network card. The server may receive route information, which may comprise an address of a device, from the route neighbor of the server via the each network card. The server may determine a route from the server to the device. An outgoing port of the route may be the each network card. When a packet destined for the address of the device is received, the server may forward the packet via the route. When a link connecting to a network card fails, the server may disable all the routes, outgoing interfaces of which may be the network card.