Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing one or more cells or particles confined in a free flying droplet has a droplet generating device configured to eject out of an orifice a free flying droplet of a suspension of cells or particles. The droplet generating device has a branch-less one-way channel having the orifice at one end thereof. A device for detecting information on cells or particles located in an observation volume of the suspension within the branch-less one-way channel is provided. An ejected droplet is directed to a first position or a second position depending on the detected information.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a biocompatible and preferably biodegradable gradient layer system comprising at least one set of layers comprising a biocompatible and preferably biodegradable cross-linked polymer and at least one biocompatible and preferably biodegradable support layer, wherein a gradient is preferably formed with respect to the mechanical and/or physical properties of one or more layers of the at least one set of layers comprising a biocompatible and biodegradable cross-linked polymer and/or the at least one biocompatible and preferably biodegradable support layer. The at least one support layer preferably comprises a biocompatible and preferably biodegradable meltable polymer and/or a biocompatible and incorporable material. This biocompatible and preferably biodegradable gradient layer system may be used as a biomaterial for regenerative medicine, particularly as a wound dressing or for tissue support.

Abstract: The invention is related to a microstructure apparatus for the measurement of biological membranes, comprising a support substrate having an upper side for supporting the membrane, at least one microcavity of the support substrate for receiving an electrolyte, wherein the microcavity is open upward and ends in a microaperture in the upper side of the support substrate, wherein the microaperture has a first characteristic diameter D1 and has at least one electrode, which is at least partially arranged within the microcavity and which has a contact side for contacting an electrolyte, the contact side being arranged adjacent to the inner volume of the microcavity, characterized in that the contact side of the electrode has a characteristic diameter D2, being larger than D1. The invention further relates to a corresponding method for producing the microstructure apparatus.

Abstract: A device for measuring yaw rate, having a mechanical yaw rate sensor, which has an inert mass that can be set into a primary vibration along a primary axis by means of an excitation device and can be deflected along a secondary axis extending transversely with respect to the primary axis so that when a yaw rate occurs about a sensitive axis extending transversely with respect to the primary and to the secondary axis, said device carries out a secondary vibration excited by the Coriolis force. A sensor element detects an amplitude-modulated signal for the secondary vibration. A sigma-delta modulator has a low pass filter connected to the sensor element, a quantizer and a secondary actuator disposed in a feedback path for applying a force which counteracts the Coriolis force.

Abstract: An electromechanical energy converter for generating electric energy from mechanical vibrations has a bending bar clamped to a holder that can be set in vibration and elastically deflected at an end area along a path curve from a neutral position transversely to the longitudinal extension of the bending bar. A deflectable point on the bending bar is connected to the mount via a deflectable bridge part extending along the bending bar for applying to the bending bar a mechanical prestress oriented substantially in the direction of longitudinal extension of the bending bar. The bending bar has a drive connection to at least one electromechanical converter element for converting mechanical vibration energy into electric energy. The bridge part is arranged outside of the bending bar such that when the bending bar is deflected out of the neutral position, the bending bar and the bridge part extend along lines having different courses.

Abstract: An apparatus (1) for the impedance matching of an electrical load (2) to a generator (3) has input connections (6a, 6b) for connection to the generator (3) and output connections (7a, 7b) for connection to the load (2). The apparatus (1) has a converter (9) which connects the input connections (6a, 6b) to the output connections (7a, 7b) and by means of which an input voltage which is applied between the input connections (6a, 6b) can be converted into an output voltage which is produced between the output connections (7a, 7b). The converter (9) has at least one energy storage means which is connected to at least one of the output connections (7a, 7b) by means of an active diode (15), a controllable switching device which is connected to said energy storage means, and an actuation device (16) for said switching device.

Abstract: The invention is related to a method and an apparatus for the automated fabrication of a molecular layer made from amphiphilic molecules, in particular lipids for a lipid bilayer membrane, in the apparatus, which has a support substrate for supporting the molecular layer, a rotation element, which can be rotated on top of the support substrate, and an actuator device, by means of which the rotation element can be automatically rotated, wherein the rotation element has an outer surface, which is formed hydrophobic at least in sections, the method having the following steps: placing a first solvent, which contains amphiphilic molecules, in a region above the support substrate; causing the automatic rotation of the rotation element above the support substrate; moving the first solvent between the support substrate and the rotation element by the interaction of the rotating rotation element with the first solvent, thus forming the molecular layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for the generation of molecular microarrays. The invention relates therefore to a universal approach for the generation of protein microarrays, DNA microarrays and RNA microarrays (in general nucleic acid microarrays), by production of an output molecule from a template molecule microarray via enzymatic or chemical processes and transfer of the output molecule onto the desired molecular microarray.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, immunoassays, kits and devices pertaining to the detection of multiple biomolecules from single cells or other biological entities. It also enables the highly parallel detection of interacting biomolecules from such entities.

Abstract: A measuring device has a micro-electromechanical capacitive sensor which has electrodes which move toward and away from each other for measurement of a mechanical deflection of a test mass. The measuring device has a charge integrator which has an operating amplifier which has at least one amplifier input connected to the sensor and an amplifier output which is fed back to the amplifier input via an integration capacitor. The amplifier input is connected via a high-resistance electrical resistor to a terminal for an electrical common-mode reference potential. In addition to the amplifier input, the operating amplifier has an auxiliary input. The amplifier output is connected to the auxiliary input via a deep pass.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substrates comprising covalently attached antimicrobial polymers, which act as synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides (SMAMPs) and are preferably obtained by ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The inventive antimicrobial polymers exhibit a molecular weight of more than 100,000 g mol?1 and are preferably covalently attached to the surface of a substrate, e.g. an implant, a medical device, medical equipment or a (tissue-supporting) biomaterial, etc. Covalent bonding may be carried out using a photoreactive crosslinker but also by “grafting onto” or “grafting from”. The present invention is also directed to uses of the inventive antimicrobial polymers as defined herein, e.g. for antimicrobially coating a surface of such a substrate with a layer of the inventive antimicrobial polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for introducing a polynucleotide into non-adhesively growing plant cells, comprising the following steps: providing a solid support having immobilized thereto the polynucleotide in dry state; contacting the plant cells with the polynucleotide on the solid support so as to obtain transformed plant cells; and optionally washing the plant cells.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a bio-functionalized stimulus-responsive dissolvable PEG-hydrogel. This inventive stimulus-responsive dissolvable PEG-hydrogel comprises a matrix of PEG-polymers, which are modified to contain at least one multifunctional fusion protein, the multifunctional fusion protein preferably comprising as components a substrate binding peptide (SBP), preferably a repetitive RGD-binding peptide and/or a ZZ-binding domain, preferably a tag for purification, and at least one N- and/or C-terminal linker. The present invention is furthermore directed to the use of such inventive stimulus-responsive dissolvable PEG-hydrogels in the treatment of lesions, in surgical dressings, for wound treating, for soft and hard tissue regeneration, for the treatment of wounds in the oral cavity, in the field of ophthalmology, in the field of periodontal defects, etc. The invention also describes a method of treatment for such diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the precision processing of substrates, in particular for the microstructuring of thin layers, local dopant introduction and also local application of a metal nucleation layer in which a liquid-assisted laser, i.e. laser irradiation of a substrate which is covered in the regions to be processed by a suitable reactive liquid, is implemented.

Abstract: A method for designing an electromagnetic gradient coil for magnetic resonance imaging systems. The method includes the steps of: choosing a set of objectives Li, whereby the objectives Li are combined to one weighted-sum objective function; choosing a design variable ? for modifying the value of the objectives L; making an initial guess of the value of the design variable ?; simulating the magnetic field in a computational domain with respect to the distribution of the surface current density; carrying out a sensitivity analysis by calculating a sensitivity vector G=?L/??; updating the design variable ?, whereby the value of the design variable ? is changed in order to decrease the value of the objective L; determining whether convergency is achieved by either determining whether the value of the objective function does not decrease or the whether the Euclidian norm of the sensitivity vector G approximate to zero; and reconstruction of a discretized coil.

Abstract: A solar element with increased efficiency and also a method for increasing the efficiency of a solar cell are provided. The solar cell comprises a luminescent element, an upconverter, and also at least one selectively reflecting structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a lipid bilayer over a microcavity open on one side and to a microstructure for investigating lipid bilayers and an associated measuring arrangement. The method of producing a lipid bilayer over a microcavity open on one side comprises the following steps: filling the microcavity with an electrolyte solution; moving a fluid containing dissolved lipids in a first direction onto the microcavity; moving the fluid in a second direction away from the microcavity; monitoring the formation of the lipid bilayer over the microcavity by detecting an impedance between a counter-electrode connected to the fluid and a measuring electrode, which is arranged inside the microcavity.

Abstract: A detector and a method for the detection of ionising radiation are proposed. The detector (1) exhibits a detector body (2) made from a semiconductor material in which incident ionising radiation generates free electron-hole pairs, a cathode side (4) of the detector body (2) to which the free holes generated drift in an electric field, an anode side (3) of the detector body (2) to which the free electrons generated drift in an electric field, at least two electrodes (5, 6) on the anode side (3) and at least two electrodes (7, 8) on the cathode side (4). There is a potential difference between the electrodes (5, 6, 7, 8). The potential difference between the individual electrodes (7, 8) on the cathode side (4) is smaller than the potential difference between each of the electrodes (5, 6) on the anode side (3) on the one hand and each of the electrodes (7, 8) on the cathode side (4) on the other hand.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing one or more cells or particles confined in a free flying droplet has a droplet generating device configured to eject out of an orifice a free flying droplet of a suspension of cells or particles. The droplet generating device has a branch-less one-way channel having the orifice at one end thereof. A device for detecting information on cells or particles located in an observation volume of the suspension within the branch-less one-way channel is provided. An ejected droplet is directed to a first position or a second position depending on the detected information.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the fabrication of structures from an ion gel. In particular, the invention relates to a method, wherein the structures are fabricated by way of ink jet printing technology, which comprises the following steps of mixing at least one monomer with at least one ionic liquid to a printable liquid; generating the structure by printing the printable liquid using ink jet printing technique; and forming the polymer by means of polymerization, polyaddition or polycondensation of the structure; wherein common solvents are omitted.