Abstract: The invention relates to a method for heating a fuel cell system (100a) for a motor vehicle (1000), having a fuel cell stack (1) with an anode section (2), a cathode section (3), at least one evaporator (4) for evaporating a fuel/water mixture, a reformer (5) for reforming the evaporated fuel/water mixture for use in the anode section (2) of the fuel cell stack (1), and at least one burner (6) for combusting a fuel-containing fluid, wherein the reformer (5) is arranged downstream of the at least one evaporator (4) in particular, and the at least one burner (6) is arranged upstream of the at least one evaporator (4) in particular.

Abstract: A method for producing an output data stream includes picking up and digitalizing a combustion chamber signal to a combustion chamber signal data stream and, simultaneously therewith, picking up and digitalizing a crankshaft angle signal to a crankshaft signal data stream. The combustion chamber signal data stream is split or duplicated into a first and a second combustion chamber signal data flow. The first combustion chamber signal data flow is filtered to a first filtered combustion chamber signal data stream and then transformed to a first transformed combustion chamber signal data stream. The second combustion chamber signal data flow is transformed to a second transformed combustion chamber signal data stream. The first and second transformed combustion chamber signal data streams are combined to an output data stream which comprises the first and second transformed combustion chamber signal data streams in a respective first and second crankshaft angle range.

Abstract: In order to be able to construct test scenarios for vehicle development, with which tests can be carried out on a test bench during development, according to the present teaching, an output test in the form of a sequence of driving manoeuvres is carried out on the test bench with the test specimen and a value of the target variable is determined in this way. The result of the acquisition of the target variable resulting from the output test is divided into test segments and each test segment is checked for target-variable-critical relevance by means of a predetermined target variable relevance criterion. A driving maneuver assigned to the test segment or an assigned driving maneuver segment is recorded in the test if the target-variable-critical relevance of the test segment is given.

Abstract: A condensation particle counter includes a saturation section, an aerosol inlet assigned to the saturation section, a condensation section, a measuring section for condensation particles, and an outlet section. The aerosol inlet allows a flow of an aerosol loaded with particles. Each of the condensation section, the measuring section and the outlet section are arranged downstream of the saturation section. A critical nozzle is arranged in the outlet section. The critical nozzle includes a critical nozzle inlet. A pump suctions the aerosol. An outlet line extends from the critical nozzle to the pump. A valve device is arranged in the outlet line between the critical nozzle and the pump. A pressure measuring device is arranged upstream of the critical nozzle inlet. The outlet line is entirely closed or partially closed by the valve device depending on a measurement value of the pressure measuring device.

Abstract: Adjustable-length connecting rod (100, 200) for a reciprocating piston engine, in particular for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, having a hydraulic cylinder for adjusting an effective connecting rod length (L) of the connecting rod (100, 200), which hydraulic cylinder has at least one piston and a first hydraulic operating chamber (21) and a second hydraulic operating chamber (22), a hydraulically actuable control device (8) which can be switched over at least between two switching states with an actuating piston (23) for controlling the adjustment of the connecting rod (100, 200), and a mechanically actuable actuating device (9) for switching the control device (8), which actuating device (9) is operatively connected via at least one hydraulic actuating line (11, 12) to the actuating piston (23) of the control device (8) for actuating it hydraulically.

Abstract: A method for reducing the range of fluctuation of the exhaust emission values of identically constructed engine arrangements of a production series, each having an internal combustion engine and an exhaust after treatment system. After manufacturing identically constructed engines, their engine controls are placed into a calibration operating mode and the engines are operated in calibration operating mode. At least one exhaust gas state variable is recorded along the exhaust gas flow and the measurement value is compared with a desired value or desired value range defined for the production series. If necessary, at least one setting variable of the respective engine is adjusted so that the actual value corresponds to the desired value or lies in the desired value range. Then the calibration operating mode stopped, the engine controls are put into a normal operating mode, and the internal combustion engines are operated in the normal operating mode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine during any driving operation and in particular during a defined testing cycle which determines compliance with regulations. The internal combustion engine has at least one exhaust gas aftertreatment device with an adjustable degree of efficiency (for example by changing the reduction agent) or an exhaust gas recirculation device or alternative variables for changing the raw engine emissions. At least one monitoring window is assigned to the active profile. The aim of the invention is to allow strict exhaust gas regulations to be met in particular during real driving operations while simultaneously allowing a low fuel consumption. This is achieved in that at least one main monitoring window of the driving profile and a sub-monitoring window (F2) with a starting point and an end point are defined within a driving profile or test cycle.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to allow a precise and quick regulation of the influencing variables in the operation of a fuel cell. A regulator is used for the regulation, said regulator being designed on the basis of a model of the gas conditioning unit in the form of a coupled nonlinear multivariable system in that the coupled nonlinear multivariable system is decoupled and linearized using Lie derivatives, and the regulator is designed for the decoupled linear multivariable system. The regulator calculates the control variables (uG, uS, uN, Q) for at least three present actuators of the influencing variables of the gas conditioning unit at each sampling time of the regulation using specified target variables (yj,dmd), and at least the three actuators of the gas conditioning unit adjust the calculated control variables (uG, uS, uN, Q) at each sampling time of the regulation.

Abstract: A pressure-regulating device for a fuel consumption measurement system includes a fuel supply line which supplies fuel to a consumer, a fuel return line, a bypass line which branches off from the fuel supply line, a pressure regulator which sets a free flow cross-section in the bypass line, a pressure sensor arranged at the fuel supply line downstream of where the bypass line branches off, a control unit electrically connected to the pressure sensor, and a pressure-reducing element arranged in the fuel supply line upstream of the pressure sensor and downstream of the branch of the bypass line. The bypass line fluidically connects the fuel supply line to the fuel return line and feeds fuel from the fuel supply line to the fuel return line while bypassing the consumer. The pressure sensor provides pressure measurement values. The control unit regulates the pressure regulator depending on the pressure measurement values.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting an unsealed location in a heat recovery system (5) of an internal combustion engine (1) of a motor vehicle. The heat recovery system (5) has at least one combustible working medium, a working medium circuit (6) with at least one EGR evaporator (7), a pump (8), and at least one expansion machine (9). The aim of the invention is to allow an early and reliable detection of leakages in the EGR evaporator (7) of a heat recovery system (5) in the simplest manner possible. This is achieved in that the internal combustion engine (1) is operated in the overrun mode, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is ascertained and compared with a defined lower threshold, and if the lower threshold is undershot, a leakage in the EGR evaporator (7) is detected.

Abstract: To subject a test object during a test run on a test bench to real environmental and/or surrounding conditions, particularly thermal conditions, it is provided that at least one temperature is measured at a measurement point as a measured variable during the test run on the test bench. At least one test object component of the test object is subdivided in a number of segments. The thermal interaction of at least one segment with the environment of the vehicle is simulated during the test run by a thermal simulation model of the simulation model. The thermal simulation model calculates the segment heat flow that is supplied to or dissipated from the at least one segment. This segment heat flow is adjusted as a function of the measured temperature at the test bench on at least one segment by means of a number of heat flow actuators.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to an internal combustion engine having a valve actuation device and at least one first exhaust valve and one second exhaust valve per cylinder. The first and second exhaust valves may be actuated together in at least one operating area of the internal combustion engine, via an exhaust valve bridge and a first valve lifter, by a first cam lobe of a first exhaust cam arranged on a camshaft. The camshaft having a second exhaust cam with at least one additional cam lobe and at least one second cam lobe A transmission device being arranged in the functional path between the second exhaust cam and the second exhaust valve, the transmission device allowing an idle stroke to be activated or deactivated. The first exhaust cam and the second exhaust cam are configured and arranged to be rotatable relative to one another.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reciprocating-piston machine, in particular an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one length-adjustable connecting rod (1) connected to a crank pin (21) of a crankshaft (26), wherein the connecting rod (1) comprises at least one length-adjustment mechanism (6) and at least one electrically switchable and inductively actuatable control valve (7).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel cell unit (100a; 100b; 100c; 100d; 100e; 100f; 100g; 100h) for a fuel cell system (1100), comprising at least a first fuel cell stack (3.1, 3.2), at least a second fuel cell stack (4.1, 4.2), an anode gas supply line (6), an anode exhaust line (7), a cathode gas supply line (8), a cathode exhaust line (9), and at least one BOP device (1, 2) for ensuring the operability of the fuel cell system (1100), the anode gas supply line (6), the anode exhaust line (7), the cathode gas supply line (8) and/or the cathode exhaust line (9) in at least one stack section (A, B) in between at least one first fuel cell stack (3.1, 3.2) and at least one second fuel cell stack (4.1, 4.2), wherein the at least one BOP device (1, 2) in the at least one stack section (A, B) within the anode gas supply line (6), the anode exhaust line (7), the cathode gas supply line (8) and/or the cathode exhaust line (9) are arranged.

Abstract: This invention concerns a fuel cell system (100a; 100b; 100c) comprising a fuel cell stack (1) having an anode portion (2) and a cathode portion (3), a reformer (4) for supplying reformed anode gas to the anode portion (2), and an exhaust gas burner (5) for burning anode exhaust gas from the anode portion (2) and/or cathode exhaust gas from the cathode portion (3), wherein the reformer (4) is arranged at least in sections annularly around the exhaust gas burner (5), wherein an inner wall portion of the reformer (4) is arranged completely or at least substantially around an outer wall portion of the exhaust gas burner (5). The invention also concerns a method for operating a fuel cell system conforming to the invention (100a; 100b; 100c) and a motor vehicle (1000) with a fuel cell system conforming to the invention (100a; 100b; 100c).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a driving simulator having the following steps: detecting a braking request in the driving simulator, in particular on the basis of actuation of a brake actuator; converting the detected braking request into at least one braking signal suitable for characterising the braking request; transmitting the at least one braking signal from the driving stimulator to a test bench on which are mounted at least part of a drivetrain with at least one axle section of a vehicle, in particular an axle half, and at least one brake associated with the at least one axle section; rotating the at least one axle section at a wheel speed which corresponds to a predefined speed of the vehicle; actuating the at least one brake of the vehicle on the basis of the at least one braking signal; setting a predefined torque or a predefined wheel speed of at least one axle section of the at least one dynamometer on the basis of properties of at least one component of the vehicle, in particular

Abstract: The invention relates to a cylinder head (4) for an internal combustion engine having liquid cooling, comprising at least two outlet valves for controlling outlet openings (14) and at least one inlet valve for controlling at least one inlet opening (15) per cylinder (2), having at least one cooling jacket (3) through which coolant flows. An outlet valve bridge (7) is arranged between two adjacent outlet valves and an inlet/outlet valve bridge (8) is arranged in each case between at least one outlet valve and an adjacent inlet valve. A first cooling channel (18) is arranged in the region of at least one outlet valve bridge (7), and a second cooling channel (19) is arranged in the region of at least one inlet/outlet valve bridge (8), and the first and second cooling channels (18, 19) are fluidically connected to one other in a central cooling region (20) of the cylinder (2) with one another.

Abstract: A length-adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating piston machine, which may be a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, is disclosed as well as a reciprocating piston machine and a vehicle. The connecting rod comprises a hydraulic length-adjusting device for adjusting an effective connecting rod length and a control device that can switch between two switching states, for controlling the length-adjusting device.

Abstract: A device for measuring flow processes of fluids includes an inlet, an outlet, a housing in which is arranged a drivable positive displacement flow meter which includes a positive displacement chamber in which a driven impeller is rotatably arranged, a first supply duct connecting the displacement chamber with the inlet, a first discharge duct connecting the displacement chamber with the outlet, a first inlet port, a second supply duct connected to the inlet, a displacement flow meter bypass with a differential pressure sensor, and an evaluation and control unit which controls the displacement flow meter based on a differential pressure applied to the pressure sensor. Cavitation wear of the positive displacement meter is reduced by the first supply duct opening into a front of the displacement chamber via the first inlet port, and the second supply duct opening into a rear of the displacement chamber via a second inlet port.

Abstract: A measuring routine for monitoring the operating state of a fuel cell arrangement consisting of at least one fuel cell, in which the fuel cell arrangement has an operating load connected to it, at least one power amplifier for supplying at least one low-frequency signal (se1(t), se2(t)) is further provided, the output of which is coupled to the fuel cell arrangement, and having an evaluation device, likewise coupled to the fuel cell arrangement, for capturing a signal response sai(t) to the at least one supplied signal sei(t), wherein the fuel cell arrangement (1) has two or more individual signals (se1(t), se2(t)) at different frequencies (fe1, fe2) supplied to it and the evaluation device is set up to capture the signal response sai(t) for selected frequencies (fa3, fa4) of the intermodulation products (mfe1+/?nfe2) of the supplied individual signals (se1(t), se2(t)) and to measure at least the amplitude of said signal response in order to obtain at least one output signal (SAZ, S?AZ, S?AZ).