Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the state of an electrochemical reactor (1), having the steps of: operating an electrode section (2) of the electrochemical reactor (1) for the purpose of generating a harmonic current and voltage signal by means of the electrode section (2), and estimating the amplitude and/or phase of the harmonic current and voltage signal in a model-based manner, wherein the state of the electrochemical reactor (1) is determined on the basis of the estimation, wherein a recursive, time-series-based method is used to estimate the amplitude and/or phase of the harmonic current and voltage signal. The invention also relates to a diagnostic system (3), to a computer program product (5) and to a storage means (6).

Abstract: The invention relates to a reciprocating-piston engine, in particular an internal combustion engine having a variable compression ratio with a length adjusting device which is arranged in a connecting rod and which can be activated by a switching unit arranged in the connecting rod, wherein an actuating mechanism is operatively connected to the switching unit in the region of a connecting rod bearing in order to introduce a switching pulse into the connecting rod. The actuating mechanism has a deflection element with at least one first force-application region and at least one second force-application region, and the first force-application region and the second force-application region can be selectively contacted with at least one actuating device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a waste-heat utilization system (20) for an internal combustion engine (10) of a vehicle, wherein the waste-heat utilization system (20) has at least one expander (22), which can transmit torque to the internal combustion engine (10) and which can be bypassed by means of a bypass flow path (25), at least one evaporator (21), and at least one pump (24) for an operating medium, and wherein at least the evaporator (21) is arranged in the region of the exhaust gas system (11) of the internal combustion engine (10). The expander (22), which can be operated in several operating modes, has a driving connection to a secondary drive shaft (19) of the internal combustion engine in at least one operating mode. An operating mode of the waste-heat utilization system (20) is selected by a control device (30) on the basis of at least one input variable and the waste-heat utilization system (20) is operated in said operating mode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooling system (4) for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder head (1), the at least one cylinder head being connected to at least one cylinder block (2) by means of a cylinder-bead sealing surface (28).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermocouple (1) for measuring the temperature of a high-voltage component, having a metal first conductor (2) made of a first material and a metal second conductor (3) made of a second material, wherein the first material differs from the second material, wherein the first conductor (2) and the second conductor (3) are mechanically asymmetrical and electrically symmetrical with respect to one another. The invention also relates to a temperature measuring system (10) having the thermocouple (1) according to the invention and to a method for producing a thermocouple (1) according to the invention.

Abstract: A method for controlling the course of a signal flow-based computer program having interconnected software components and at least one DF loop. The following method steps are performed: a) identifying the at least one DF loop and the DF components, each DF component instantaneously imaging at least one DF input signal present at at least one component input onto at least one output signal present at at least one component output, b) determining the maximum possible change of the values of the DF input signals for each unit of time from at least one property of the respective DF input signal, c) activating a delay element in front of the component input where a DF input signal is present whose value has the smallest maximum possible change, and d) running the computer program in accordance with the connection of the software components ascertained in steps a) to c).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating and updating a remote instance of a screen view for a communication device during a communication session. The screen view has a number of data elements that are presented on the screen view in accordance with a defined static or dynamic display schema. A display schema that at least partially corresponds to the display schema of the screen view is transmitted to the communication device at least a first time via a first communication path, the values of at least one of the data elements are transmitted to the communication device via a second communication path during the communication session, and the values of the data elements and the transmitted display schema are combined by the communication device in order to display the remote instance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a valve-actuating device (1) for actuating at least one first valve of a reciprocating piston machine, in particular an internal combustion engine, which valve-actuating device can be used in particular for engine braking and comprises a first rocker arm part (2), a second rocker arm part (3), and a first switching element (6) for changing the valve stroke (H) of the at least one first valve (5), wherein the first rocker arm part (2) and the second rocker arm part (3) are pivotably supported and are arranged in such a way that at least one first valve control motion of a first camshaft (4) can be transmitted to the at least one first valve (5) by means of the first rocker arm part (2) and the second rocker arm part (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring method for determining the recirculation rate (RR) in the anode gas circuit (50) of a fuel cell system (1) with fuel cell (10), wherein an anode gas (52) from an anode chamber (13) is supplied to the fuel cell (10) by means of a gas conveying device (70) via an anode gas recirculation line (51) and thermostated in an anode gas heat exchanger (60) arranged in the anode gas recirculation line (51).

Abstract: The invention relates to an air-compressing internal combustion engine, comprising at least one piston (1) having a combustion chamber trough (3) substantially rotationally symmetrical to a piston axis (2), which has a trough bottom (4) with a substantially cone-like elevation (5) and a circumferential trough wall (6), wherein the trough wall (6) forms a substantially torus-like first section (6a) having a maximum inner first trough diameter (d1), a second section (6b) having a minimum inner second trough diameter (d2) smaller than the inner first trough diameter (d1), and a third section (6c), wherein—as seen in a meridian section of the piston (1)—the first section (6a) has a concave first radius of curvature (R1) and the second section (6b) has a convex second radius of curvature (R2), and wherein the third section (6c) forms a first annular surface (8) adjoining the second section (6b) and a second annular surface (9) terminating in the piston end surface (7), which second annular surface (9) defines an a

Abstract: To achieve a compactly designed, simple and robust control valve for a hydrodynamic torque generator which is linear over a wide adjustment range, the control channel (12) of the control valve is formed in such a way that a substantially linear relationship between valve position (?) and flow ({dot over (V)}) is achieved by rotating the valve body (6) between a first valve position (?1), which differs from the closed position, and a second valve position (?2) with a larger flow ({dot over (V)}) than in the first position (?1).

Abstract: A device for measuring through-flow processes of fluids. The device includes an inlet, an outlet, a flow housing in which a fluid flows, a drivable displacement meter in the flow housing, a bypass line which bypasses the drivable displacement meter, a pressure difference sensor in the bypass line and in the flow housing, an evaluation and control unit which controls the drivable displacement meter based on a pressure difference existing at the pressure difference sensor, and a cooling channel in the flow housing which has a coolant flow therethrough.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting an unsealed location in a heat recovery system of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The heat recovery system has at least one working medium, in particular a combustible working medium, and a working medium circuit with at least one evaporator, a pump, and at least one expansion machine to allow an early and reliable detection of leakages in the evaporator.

Abstract: A dynamic system for an observer for estimating the internal effective torque of a torque generator, which can also process unfiltered measurement signals and is capable of mapping vibration effects in the estimated effective torque. An observer is designed with observer matrices and with an unknown input. The observer receives at least one noisy measurement signal of the input vector and/or the output vector. The observer estimates the state vector and the effective torque therefrom as unknown input in that the matrix, which determines the dynamic of the observer error as a difference between the state vector and the estimated state vector. The eigenvalues of this matrix lie in a range f2/5>?>5·f1, wherein f1 is the maximum expected change frequency of the at least one measurement signal, and the noise in the at least one measurement signal influences the frequency band which is greater than the frequency f2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waste gas post-treatment system for a fuel cell system, having a condensing section for producing waste gas condensate from waste process gas of the fuel cell system, a collecting section downstream of the condenser section for collecting the waste gas condensate produced, a suction device for sucking waste process gas out of the fuel cell system into the condensing section, producing a negative pressure in the fuel cell system, a cleaning unit, downstream of the collecting section, for cleaning the waste gas condensate produced, and a valve assembly for recycling cleaning waste gas condensate into the fuel cell system, wherein the valve assembly can be switched between a blocking state, in which the recycling is blocked, and at least one passage state, in which waste gas condensate can be recycled by the negative pressure in the fuel cell system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system and to a method for calibrating a controller of a vehicle component, in particular at least of one section of a drivetrain of a motor vehicle, preferably of an internal combustion engine, wherein control data, on the basis of which the vehicle component is controlled, are stored in the controller, and wherein the method comprises the following working steps: identifying at least one first vehicle parameter of a plurality of vehicle parameters of calibrated variants of the vehicle component, which parameter has different values for different calibrated variants, preferably a rated power, an emission value and/or a market specification; checking, if the calibrated variants differ in terms of the at least one first vehicle parameter, at least one portion of the control data of the calibrated variants for a relationship with the at least one first vehicle parameter; defining, if a relationship is detected, a calibration function for the at least one portion of the control data on

Abstract: A reciprocating-piston machine, in particular an internal combustion engine with a variable compression ratio, having a length adjustment device arranged in a connecting rod and can be activated by way of a switching unit arranged in the connecting rod, wherein an actuating mechanism is operatively connected to the switching unit in the region of a connecting rod bearing in order to introduce a switching pulse into the connecting rod. The actuating mechanism has a transmission means arranged in the region of the connecting rod bearing, and the switching unit has at least one switching valve which is arranged in the connecting rod body of the connecting rod and the valve body, which can be displaced substantially in the direction of the rotational axis of the connecting rod bearing, and can be deflected out of a dosed position into an open position by way of the transmission means.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for heating a fuel cell system (100a) for a motor vehicle (1000), having a fuel cell stack (1) with an anode section (2), a cathode section (3), at least one evaporator (4) for evaporating a fuel/water mixture, a reformer (5) for reforming the evaporated fuel/water mixture for use in the anode section (2) of the fuel cell stack (1), and at least one burner (6) for combusting a fuel-containing fluid, wherein the reformer (5) is arranged downstream of the at least one evaporator (4) in particular, and the at least one burner (6) is arranged upstream of the at least one evaporator (4) in particular.

Abstract: A method for producing an output data stream includes picking up and digitalizing a combustion chamber signal to a combustion chamber signal data stream and, simultaneously therewith, picking up and digitalizing a crankshaft angle signal to a crankshaft signal data stream. The combustion chamber signal data stream is split or duplicated into a first and a second combustion chamber signal data flow. The first combustion chamber signal data flow is filtered to a first filtered combustion chamber signal data stream and then transformed to a first transformed combustion chamber signal data stream. The second combustion chamber signal data flow is transformed to a second transformed combustion chamber signal data stream. The first and second transformed combustion chamber signal data streams are combined to an output data stream which comprises the first and second transformed combustion chamber signal data streams in a respective first and second crankshaft angle range.

Abstract: In order to be able to construct test scenarios for vehicle development, with which tests can be carried out on a test bench during development, according to the present teaching, an output test in the form of a sequence of driving manoeuvres is carried out on the test bench with the test specimen and a value of the target variable is determined in this way. The result of the acquisition of the target variable resulting from the output test is divided into test segments and each test segment is checked for target-variable-critical relevance by means of a predetermined target variable relevance criterion. A driving maneuver assigned to the test segment or an assigned driving maneuver segment is recorded in the test if the target-variable-critical relevance of the test segment is given.