Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for heating a fuel cell system (1a; 1b; 1c; 1d) comprising at least one fuel cell stack (2) with an anode portion (3) and a cathode portion (4), and a reformer (5) upstream of the anode portion (3) for steam reforming using a fuel, the reformer (5) comprising a nickel-based catalyst, said method having the following steps: starting a heating process for heating the fuel cell system (1a; 1b; 1c; 1d) with a heating device (6) and conducting a carbon-containing fluid and conducting steam through the nickel-based catalyst of the reformer (5) during the heating process. The invention also relates to a fuel cell system (1a; 1b; 1c; 1d) which is designed to carry out a method according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the state of an electrochemical reactor (1), having the steps of: operating an electrode section (2) of the electrochemical reactor (1) for the purpose of generating a harmonic current and voltage signal by means of the electrode section (2), and estimating the amplitude and/or phase of the harmonic current and voltage signal in a model-based manner, wherein the state of the electrochemical reactor (1) is determined on the basis of the estimation, wherein a recursive, time-series-based method is used to estimate the amplitude and/or phase of the harmonic current and voltage signal. The invention also relates to a diagnostic system (3), to a computer program product (5) and to a storage means (6).

Abstract: A measuring system for measuring a mass flow rate, a density, a temperature or a flow velocity. The measuring system includes a main line, a first Coriolis measuring device arranged in the main line, a second Coriolis measuring device arranged in series with the first Coriolis measuring device in the main line, a bypass line which bypasses the second Coriolis measuring device, a first valve arranged in the bypass line, and a computing unit which is connected to the first Coriolis measuring device and to the second Coriolis measuring device. The first valve opens depending on a pressure. The first Coriolis measuring device is designed for a higher maximum flow rate than the second Coriolis measuring device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and to a method for controlling a test stand arrangement having a specimen and having a loading machine, which is connected to the specimen by a connecting shaft. An estimated value (TE,est) for for the internal torque (TE) of the specimen is determined and, from the estimated value (TE,est), while taking into account a natural frequency (f0) and a delay, a damping signal (TDamp) is determined and fed back into the control loop.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel cell system (100) comprising at least one fuel cell stack (1) having at least one cathode section (K) and at least one anode section (A), an air supply section (2) for supplying air (2) to the anode section (A) of the fuel cell stack (1), an exhaust air section (4) for discharging exhaust air (5) from the anode section (A) of the fuel cell stack (1), as well as a supply section (7) for supplying at least one main medium (6) to the cathode section (K) of the fuel cell stack (1), an exhaust gas discharge section (9) for discharging exhaust gas (8) from the cathode section (K) of the fuel cell stack (1), as well as a pump (12) for delivering the at least one main medium (6), the exhaust gas discharge section (9) being fluidically connected via a recirculation section (14) to the supply section (7) downstream of the pump (12) in order to recirculate exhaust gas (8), the recirculation section (14) being connected via a jet pump (16) to the supply section (7) in order to intr

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to controlling an inner effective torque or an effective torque of a drive unit via a unit controlling unit. In some embodiments, the control method may include providing desired values for the inner effective torque or the effective torque and determining actual values for the inner effective torque or the effective torque during operation of the drive unit on a test stand, and in that actuating dynamics of the drive unit are taken into account in the control by means of a transfer function by correcting the desired values of the control with the transfer function or in that for controlling the inner effective torque or the effective torque of the drive unit, a feed forward control of a manipulated variable of the drive unit is used.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed to energy accumulator emulators. In one embodiment, an energy accumulator emulator is disclosed including a DC-to-DC converter having a number of power switches, a control unit that calculates a reference current from electrical variables of the DC-to-DC converter, and a battery model connected to the control unit. The battery model receives and processes the reference current and communicates a referenced voltage to the control unit. The control unit includes a voltage controller that processes the reference voltage and controls a current, on the basis of which the control unit controls the power switches via switching pulses to control an output voltage. The energy accumulator emulator further includes a PPPC unit that is connected to the voltage controller. The PPPC unit provides a number of pulse patterns, selects a pulse pattern, and controls the power switches according to the selected pulse pattern.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a measuring device for determining a measured variable of a measuring gas by means of a photoacoustic method. In some embodiments, the measuring device includes a flow channel for the measuring gas having at least one feed line, a photoacoustic measuring cell and a discharge line. in such an embodiment, the measuring device further includes at least one acoustic filter member tuned to a useful frequency of the measuring cell, and at least one cavity resonator arranged on the flow channel.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a starting burner (100a; 100b) for a fuel cell system (1000a; 1000b), having a catalyst (10) with a catalyst inlet (11) and a catalyst outlet (12), a catalyst area (13) being formed between the catalyst inlet (11) and the catalyst outlet (12), and the catalyst area (13) being surrounded by a catalyst wall (14) in a passage direction (D) from the catalyst inlet (11) to the catalyst outlet (12), and an operating fluid guide section (20) for supplying an operating fluid (F1) to the catalyst inlet (11), wherein the operating fluid guide section (20) is arranged outside the catalyst (10) at least in sections along the catalyst wall (14). The invention also concerns a fuel cell system (1000) with the starting burner (100a; 100b) and a method for heating a service fluid (F1) in the fuel cell system (1000a; 1000b).

Abstract: A gas mixing device for linearizing or calibrating a gas analyzer. The gas mixing device includes a first gas inlet line for a first gas, a second gas inlet line for a second gas, a mixing channel having inlet openings which are arranged one behind the other in a flow direction, the inlet openings comprising a first upstream inlet opening and a second downstream inlet opening, and at least two valves which each comprise at least one inlet and one outlet. The at least two valves release or block a fluidic connection between at least one of the first gas inlet line and the second gas inlet line, and the mixing channel via the inlet openings. A flow cross section of the mixing channel is smaller at the first upstream inlet opening than at the second downstream inlet opening.

Abstract: An exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system has a first aftertreatment element including a first inlet region and a first outlet region, and a second aftertreatment element including a second inlet region and a second outlet region The first outlet region is connected to the second inlet region via at least one connection section, and the at least one connection section extends outside the first aftertreatment element. At least parts of the first inlet region and of the second inlet region are arranged in a common distributor housing.

Abstract: A method for generating a model ensemble that estimates at least one output variable of a physical process as a function of at least one input variable, the model ensemble being formed from a sum of model outputs from a plurality of models that have been weighted with a weighting factor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a longitudinally adjustable connecting rod (7) for a reciprocating piston engine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, a reciprocating piston engine, and a vehicle comprising a reciprocating piston engine. The longitudinally adjustable connecting rod (7) comprises a longitudinal adjusting mechanism (8) for adjusting an effective length (L) of the connecting rod, a hydraulically actuated control device (12), switchable at least between two control modes, for controlling the longitudinal adjustment, and an electromagnetically actuated hydraulic switching valve (9) for hydraulically actuating the control device (12).

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel cell system (100) having a fuel supply unit (8) and fuel cells (1, 2) having a cathode (4, 4?) and an anode (3, 3?), wherein the cathode (4, 4?) features a cathode feed line (40), the anode (3, 3?) features an anode feed line (30), and the flow in the anode (3, 3?) is connected with the flow in the fuel supply unit (8) via the anode feed line (30), in which a reforming apparatus (13) is arranged, and having an anode exhaust line (6) provided with at least one burner apparatus (22, 23).

Abstract: A control device for a VCR connecting rod which can be operated by way of an actuation circuit is provided. Such a VCR connecting rod is to enable safe operation. For this purpose, a detection device is provided for determining a defect of the actuation circuit. Furthermore, the invention relates to a respectively associated method for operating an actuation circuit of a VCR connecting rod of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A condensation particle counter includes a saturation section, an aerosol inlet assigned to the saturation section, a condensation section, a measuring section for condensation particles, and an outlet section. The aerosol inlet allows a flow of an aerosol loaded with particles. Each of the condensation section, the measuring section and the outlet section are arranged downstream of the saturation section. A critical nozzle is arranged in the outlet section. The critical nozzle includes a critical nozzle inlet. A pump suctions the aerosol. An outlet line extends from the critical nozzle to the pump. A valve device is arranged in the outlet line between the critical nozzle and the pump. A pressure measuring device is arranged upstream of the critical nozzle inlet. The outlet line is entirely closed or partially closed by the valve device depending on a measurement value of the pressure measuring device.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to estimating a gearbox gear for a test run from available measured values of a test drive. In some embodiments, a chronological sequence of a vehicle speed and an engine speed may be used as measured values, a number of areas with a linear relationship between the vehicle speed and the engine speed being identified by means of a clustering algorithm from data points from related vehicle speeds and engine speeds. The clustering algorithm, in accordance with some specific embodiments, assigns the data points to the number of areas and calculates a cluster center for each area, which is interpreted as a gear. The gear linked to the cluster center of the area is assigned to the data points of an area in order to obtain a chronological sequence of gears, and used as a target value of the test run.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a generator unit (1) having a housing (10), a fuel cell device (20), which is arranged in an interior space (10a) of the housing (10), a gas-carrying duct (30) having an upstream opening (30a) and a downstream opening (30b), a valve (40), which is provided, in particular set up, to connect the interior space (10a) to the duct (30) at least at times in a gas-carrying manner, a driving device (50), which moves gas within the duct (30) from the upstream opening (30a) to the downstream opening (30b), and a sensor device (60), which is arranged in a downstream direction of the duct (30) starting from the valve (40) and is designed to detect at least one parameter of the gas. The present invention also relates to a method for monitoring a generator unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving the efficiency of an SCR system of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system (5) of an internal combustion engine (1), and to an internal combustion engine (1), wherein an operating medium is metered in upstream of the SCR catalytic converter (2) of the SCR system in a normal operating mode, wherein the operating medium comprises a reducing agent or can be converted into a reducing agent, wherein the reducing agent is stored at least temporarily in an SCR catalytic converter (2) of the SCR system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: operating of the internal combustion engine (1) in the normal operating mode, defining of a determined control value (6) by way of determining of the mass of an exhaust gas component which is measured overall at a point in the course of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system (5) during a first measurement window, determining of a calculated control value (7) by way of calculating of the mass of the exhaust gas component which

Abstract: A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder, a cooling jacket arrangement with a first cooling jacket arranged in the region of a longitudinal central plane of the cylinder head, a second cooling jacket facing a fire deck of the cylinder head, and a third cooling jacket facing away from the fire deck, wherein the first cooling jacket and the second cooling jacket are flow connected to the third cooling jacket via at least one first transfer section and at least one second transfer section respectively.