Abstract: Provided is a film cooling structure capable of suppressing a cooling medium film from being separated from a wall surface, to increase a film efficiency on the wall surface and thereby-cool the wall surface effectively. One or more pairs of injection holes are formed on a wall surface facing a passage of high-temperature gas to inject a cooling medium to the passage. A single supply passage is formed inside the wall to supply the cooling medium to the injection holes. A separating section is provided between the injection holes in a location forward relative to rear ends of the injection holes to separate the cooling medium into components flowing to the injection holes. An injection direction of the cooling medium is inclined relative to a gas flow direction so that the cooling medium forms swirl flows that push the cooling medium against the wall surface.

Abstract: A method of rendering a colour image from an object-based source file, including spatial gamut mapping to a target colour space, includes the steps of: rendering an image that includes a plurality of source file objects without gamut mapping, in a colour space having a gamut large enough to avoid a loss of colour information, and subjecting the rendered image to spatial gamut mapping to the target colour space.

Abstract: The invention relates to a load-handling apparatus (1) adapted to be mounted on an elevatable lift carriage of a lift truck, wherein the load-handling apparatus comprises a frame having at least four parallel guides (5, 7, 9, 11) making up a first pair of parallel abutting guides (13) and a second pair of parallel abutting guides (15), at least two oppositely directed and hydraulic actuated piston cylinders, wherein at least two outer load-handling arms are connectable to said hydraulic actuated piston cylinders (25, 27) for moving said outer load-handling arms (3) with regard to said guides to and from each other for engaging a load and at least two inner load-handling arms (4) of which each is connected to at least one spring (101, 103) for keeping a fixed position of said inner load-handling arms to the frame during movement of the outer load-handling arms over a predetermined distance.

Abstract: A method for characterizing a colour rendering reprographic apparatus for making an output colour profile comprises the steps of measuring a set of colour values, indicative of output of the colour rendering reprographic apparatus on a predetermined medium and processing these measurement data to profile data that are applicable for creating an output colour profile according to the standards of the International Colour Consortium. The processing step comprises a correction of a measured colour value with a medium compensation value that depends on the medium gray colour value at the same lightness as the measured colour value. The medium gray colour value is a value that results from the application of black colorant on the predetermined medium. The medium compensation value reduces to zero at the lightness of the predetermined medium. The effect of this processing step is that a profile is generated that gives prints that are both free of background colorant and have natural colour rendering.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes an illumination system, a support, a patterning device, a substrate table, a projection system, and a detector. The apparatus further includes a polarization changing element, such as a quarter-wave plate, that is adjustable and a polarization analyzer, such as a linear polarizer. The polarization changing element and the polarization analyzer are arranged in order in the radiation beam path at the level at which a patterning device would be held by the support. By taking intensity measurements for different rotational orientations of the polarization changing element, information on the state of polarization of the radiation at the level of the patterning device can be obtained. Because the polarization analyzer is located before the projection system, the measurements are not affected by the fact that the detector is located after the projection system, such as at the level of the substrate.

Abstract: A method is described for extending a text message with content wherein the text message is sent by a mobile terminal via a Short Message Service Center (SMSC) of a communications system to a recipient and wherein the communications system further comprises a Content Service Center (CSC). The method comprises the steps of receiving at the CSC the text message originating from the SMSC; generating a content-extended text message by adding at least one piece of content to at least a part of the text message; and, sending the content-extended text message depending on the size of the content-extended text message in one or more mobile terminated short messages (MT/SM) to the recipient.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for longitudinal closure of a dissected sternum are provided. The system includes first and second reinforcing members, fasteners, and closure members. Each reinforcing member is configured to be placed on an outer surface of a respective sternum portion, such that each reinforcing member is longitudinally disposed on an opposite side of a sternum opening with respect to the other reinforcing member. Fasteners may be placed in holes defined in the reinforcing members to secure a respective reinforcing member to a corresponding sternum portion. The closure members, which may be sternal closing wires, may then be wrapped around the sternum portions and the reinforcing members transversely to close the sternum opening. The system provides for a low installed profile, enhancing patient comfort and facilitating healing, and also provides for quick and easy access to the thoracic cavity for re-do sternotomies, if needed.

Abstract: An energy absorbing assembly for impact energy absorption can comprise: an elongated plastic member having a major axis, a first side and a second side, comprising a central portion disposed between a first end portion and a second end portion, the second side defines a channel extending from the first end portion to the second end portion; and an elongated insert having a front, edges, tips, and a rear, wherein the insert is configured to flex upon impact, and is removably friction fit within the channel such that the plastic member surrounds the front, and greater than or equal to 50% of the edges and tips. The energy absorbing assembly can be configured to attach to a vehicle to absorb energy absorption impact. A vehicle can comprise: a vehicle rail and the energy absorbing assembly attached to the vehicle rail.

Abstract: In harsh and hazardous environments, the presence of elevated levels of hydrogen gas is an indicator of chemical and/or radiological activity. The present hydrogen-sensing optical fiber provides rapid and reliable hydrogen detection and quantification, irrespective of temperature fluctuations. The hydrogen-sensing optical fiber does not exhibit significant irreversible hydrogen-induced attenuation losses after exposure to a hydrogen-rich atmosphere.

Abstract: A system for digital network map development and maintenance. The system provides for optimizing digital network maps that serve as the reference basis for location-based systems such as, but not limited to, route guidance, multi-modal transportation system monitoring, location-based consumer applications, and vehicle fleet administration. The system provides the ability to develop and maintain digital route maps derived at least in part from data on the routes that drivers or users actually travel to update a digital map. For a route defined between two or more points, costs may be assigned to each road segment. As such, given a collection of route preferences, an algorithm is provided that is capable of generating an optimized route planning digital map by finding and assigning a set of costs to road segments in a way that is consistent with these preferences.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an element (8) of a modular scaffolding system, comprising: providing an at least partly galvanized pipe part (10) having a first end (12) and a second end; providing an at least partly galvanized first connection head (40) which is designed to be connected to the first end (12) of the pipe part (10); forming, through welding, a weld (24) which connects the first end (12) of the pipe part (10) to the first connection head (40), the weld (24) comprising an internal weld surface (24b) and an external weld surface (24a), which internal weld surface is proximal to the pipe part (10) and/or the connection head (40), and which external weld surface is proximal to an outside environment (60) of the pipe part (10) and the connecting head (40).; and covering the external weld surface with a protective layer, such that the external weld surface is screened off from the outside environment (60).

Abstract: A head tube assembly suitable for use with a bicycle or similar wheeled vehicle. The head tube assembly comprises a head tube configured for adjoining to a top tube and to a down tube in a bicycle frame. The head tube includes a lower bearing component and an upper bearing component, the lower and upper bearings being configured for rotatably engaging a fork assembly. The fork assembly comprises an external steerer configured to rotate externally to the head tube. The head tube assembly includes an upper steerer section configured to secure the external steerer; and an internal chamber configured with an aperture for receiving one or more cables, and the internal chamber is coupled to the top tube or to the down tube for routing one or more cables through the interior space of the top tube or the down tube.

Abstract: There is provided a process of dyeing yarn or cloth comprising fibres, comprising dyeing at least part of the fibres with at least two types of dyestuff that dye the same fibres substantially the same colour. One of the types of dyestuff chemically bonds with or is at least partially incorporated into the fibre structure and the other type of dyestuff does not chemically bond with or become at least partially incorporated into the fibre structure.

Abstract: One or more techniques and/or systems are disclosed for an arrow extractor. The arrow extractor can comprise a first and a second elongated lever that are in rotatable engagement with each other. The respective elongated levers comprise a first end configured to be manipulated by a user, and a second end that comprises a tool configured to engage a first and second part of a gripper. The gripper comprises an elongated cavity that can be configured to grip the shaft of an arrow. The first tool and the second tool are engaged with the gripper, and when the user applies a grasping force to the first end of the respective levers, the grasping force may also applied to the gripper, thereby gripping the shaft of the arrow, which may then be extracted from an object using the levers.

Abstract: A method for reducing an amount of marking material for printing a binary image on a receiving material uses a printing process configured to apply print pixels and to associate each image pixel with at least two print pixels. A print signal is generated indicating for each print pixel whether marking material is to be applied. The print signal is filtered by a predefined mask that defines for which print pixels no marking material will be applied independent of the pixel value of the associated image pixel. The print pixels that are blocked by the mask define a regular pattern to avoid graininess in the printed image. The main effect on print quality is a reduction of the contrast in the image. By choosing one of a set of at least two masks, the user selects the amount of reduction that is realized in the print process.

Abstract: The invention relates to collagenous polypeptide films on which cells are cultivated. In particular the invention relates to such films that are used to treat wounds such as severe burns or physical or chemical injury. The invention also related to methods for producing such films.

Abstract: A lithographic projection apparatus is disclosed in which a space between the projection system and a sensor is filled with a liquid.

Abstract: The present invention embraces an optical fiber that includes a central core having an alpha-index profile with respect to an outer cladding, a first depressed trench, an inner cladding, a second depressed trench, and an outer cladding (e.g., an outer optical cladding). The second depressed trench's volume is typically greater than the first depressed trench's volume. The optical fiber achieves reduced bending losses and a high bandwidth with a reduced cladding effect for high-data rate applications.

Abstract: A method and device are disclosed for navigation. In at least one embodiment, the method includes determining a route of travel, in a navigation device, based upon at least a received destination location; determining whether or not travel along the determined route will at least one of meet and exceed a first threshold; and prompting, upon determining that travel along the determined route will at least one of meet and exceed the first threshold, a user of the navigation device to enable output of a warning to break from driving a vehicle, in which the navigation device is located, during travel along the determined route.