Abstract: A process for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of methacrolein to methacrylic acid in a fixed-bed reactor with contacting tubes, at elevated temperature on catalytically active oxides with a conversion of methacrolein for a single pass of from 40 to 95 mol%, wherein the reaction temperature in the flow direction along the contacting tubes in a first reaction zone from entry of the starting reaction gases containing the reactants into the contacting tubes is from 280 to 340.degree. C. until a methacrolein conversion of from 20 to 40% is reached, and the reaction temperature is subsequently reduced by a total of from 5.degree. to 40.degree. C., abruptly or successively in steps or continuously along the contacting tubes until a methacrolein conversion of from 45 to 95% has been reached, with the proviso that the reaction temperature in this second reaction zone is not lower than 260.degree. C.

Abstract: Copolymers suitable for use as temporary surface protection for two- or three-dimensional structures and as sizing agents are based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylates and/or methacrylates and are obtainable by free radical emulsion or solution polymerization ofA) from 50 to 95% by weight of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylate or methacrylate,B) from 5 to 20% by weight of an unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride,C) from 0 to 20% by weight of further water-soluble comonomer, andD) from 0 to 10% by weight of other comonomer in the presence ofE) from 2 to 60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol per 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture of A) to D).

Abstract: New hybridoma cell lines which synthesize highly specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against human tumor necrosis factor (TNF), monoclonal antibodies against TNF, a process for the preparation of such hybridoma cell lines and antibodies, and the use of the monoclonal antibodies are described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of amine modified copolymers as a pigment dispersant for cathodic electrocoating compositions comprising the steps ofa) polymerizingi) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing an isocyanate group withii) other ethylenically unsaturated monomers having no functional group capable of undergoing a reaction with said isocyanate group to form a copolymer with isocyanate groups andb) reacting stepwise or simultaneously said isocyanate groups withiii) a compound selected from the group consisting of a polyalkyleneglycol monoalkyl ether, an aminoterminated polyalkylene glycol monoalkyl ether and mixtures thereof andiv) a compound containing at least a tertiary amine group and one functional group capable of undergoing a reaction with said isocyanate group andv) optionally, another compound having one functional group capable of undergoing a reaction with said isocyanate group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid, radiation-curable coating composition for the coating of glass surfaces which comprisesA) 56 to 89% by weight of at least one diethylenically unsaturated polyurethane optionally containing urea groups,B) 3 to 30% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer,C) 0.5 to 8% by weight of at least one photoinitiator andD) 0.05 to 6% by weight of an alkoxysilane,the sum total of the components A to D being 100% by weight in each case.The coating composition uses1.) one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing carboxyl groups, optionally together with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers as the component B and2.) an alkoxysilane containing epoxide groups as the component D.These coating compositions are employed for the coating of glass surfaces, in particular of optical glass fibers, and are distinguished by good adhesion even under humid conditions.

Abstract: A mixture consisting of a) a triazolylmethyldiphenyloxirane derivative and b) fenpropimorph, fenpropidin or tridemorph and which exhibits a synergistic fungicidal action, and methods of combating fungi with this mixture.

Abstract: A cementing composition useful in cementing oil, gas and water wells, comprising water, hydraulic cement and an effective amount of water soluble fluid loss additive comprised of a blend of a copolymer (i) of acrylamide/vinyl imidazole in a weight percent ratio of from about 95:5 to 5:95, said copolymer (i) having a molecular weight range of from about 100,000 to 3,000,000, and a copolymer (ii) of vinyl pyrrolidone and the sodium salt of vinyl sulfonate in a weight percent ratio of 80:20 to 20:80, said copolymer (ii) having a molecular weight range of from about 100,000 to 3,000,000. The blend is comprised of a weight percent ratio of copolymer (i) to copolymer (ii) in the range of 20:80 to 80:20. The composition can also optionally include a dispersant such as sodium or potassium salts or a sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensate.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran I ##STR1## or a derivative thereof, where R.sup.a and R.sup.b are C-organic radicals, involves reacting a 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol II ##STR2## in the presence of an acidic ion exchanger resin and in the presence of an inert dehydrating substance. Novel 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans Ia, 2-acylphenols IVa and 2-hydrox-ybenzyl alcohols IIa, a process for their preparation, and their use as intermediates are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to expandable styrene polymers containinga) a styrene polymer,b) and at least one carbon dioxide absorber, mixed or copolymerized with the above, in an amount of from 0.01 to 50% by weight, based on the sum of a) and b), andc) a blowing agent or blowing agent mixture in an amount of from 0.5 to 12% by weight,where the blowing agent or blowing agent mixture comprisesc.sub.1) from 10 to 100% by weight of carbon dioxide andc.sub.2) from 0 to 90% by weight of at least one further blowing agent.The invention furthermore relates to the styrene polymers containing a carbon dioxide absorber, to the styrene polymer foams obtainable from the expandable styrene polymers, and to an improved process for impregnating styrene polymers with carbon dioxide-containing blowing agents or blowing agent mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to copolymers containing amino groups and having an amine number of 30 to 150 mg of KOH/g and a number-average molecular weight of 1,500 to 8,000, which can be prepared from copolymers containing alkyl ester groups by aminolysis with polyamines, processes for their preparation and their use in coating agents.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone oxime ethers of the formula I ##STR1## (R.sup.1 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl; A=substituted or unsubstituted alkylene or alkenylene;Z=a 5-membered or 6-membered heteroaromatic structure;X=substituted or unsubstituted amino, nitro, cyano, halogen, alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy, carboxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyloxycarbonyl and phenyl;n=0 to 3, or 1 to 4 where Z is halogen-substituted pyridyl; andR.sup.

Abstract: An N-substituted polyamide-imide essentially composed of identical or different repeating units of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is one of the following tetravalent aromatic radicals ##STR2## and X is a bond or one of the following linkers ##STR3## where R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are each, independently of one another, one of the following divalent aromatic radicals ##STR4## and where X has the abovementioned meanings and where R.sup.3 is hydrogen or a monovalent radical such as C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or phenyl, and the C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl-, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy-, aryl- or halogen-substituted derivatives thereof, and precursors (monomers) therefor, are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing 2-ethylhexanol having a reduced concentration of 2-ethyl-4-methyl pentanol. It may be practiced in its most basic form as a distillation. It may also be practiced as part of a multi-stage continuous process. In either form it begins with a feed stream comprising n-butyraldehyde containing as a contaminant, isobutyraldehyde, complexes of isobutyraldehyde, oligomers of isobutyraldehyde and mixtures thereof, to which is added or introduced, an amount of water effective to hydrolyze the oligomeric contaminants to the monomeric form of isobutyraldehyde during distillation. The water containing aldehyde mixture is introduced to a distillation zone with a residence time and at a temperature sufficient to hydrolyze the oligomeric contaminants to and then distill substantially all of the isobutyraldehyde overhead.

Abstract: Copolymers comprisingfrom 75 to 92% by weight of ethylene andfrom 8 to 25% by weight of vinyl acetatehave a solidification point of greater than 87.degree. C. and a melt viscosity of greater than 1,200 centistokes.

Abstract: Graft copolymers obtainable by free radical-initiated copolymerization of(A) a monomer mixture comprising(a) a monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 - to C.sub.8 -dicarboxylic acid, or an anhydride, alkali metal salt or ammonium salt thereof,(b) a monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.

Abstract: Soluble and/or meltable benzothiazole-containing polyaryl ethers with a glass transition temperature of above 150.degree. C. and a melting point of up to 450.degree. C. are composed essentially of repeat units of the formula I ##STR1## whose rings may be substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Hybrid and commingled yarns containing reinforcing fibers and thermoplastic matrix fibers when sized with a dispersion or emulsion having a dispersed phase containing a thermoplastic compatible with the thermoplastic of the matrix fibers but having a lower melting point allow preparation of thermoplastic matrix fiber reinforced composite structures at reduced consolidation temperatures, cycle times, and/or consolidation pressures without loss of composite physical properties.

Abstract: Premix for the production of mouldings, containingA) from 40-99.95% by weight of polymer granules A based on a polyaryl ether sulfone, polyaryl ether ketone, polyimide, polyamide imide or polyether imide, or a mixture thereof,B) up to 50% by weight of fillers B in fiber or particle form, or a mixture thereof,C) from 0.05-10% by weight of a compound C ether of the general formula X ##STR1## where A1 to A7 are identical or different and, independently of one another, are a radical of the formula --CO--, --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --, a chemical bond, ##STR2## and k, l, m, n, p and q are each 0 or 1, or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkoxy or cyano derivative thereof which is substituted on the aromatic ring, or of the general formula Y ##STR3## where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkoxy or cyano, A8 to A11 are as defined for A1 to A7, r, s and t are 0 or 1, and x is 2, 3 or 4, or a mixture thereof,is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to acrylate copolymers with free double bonds, which are obtainable by copolymerization ofa) 3 to 30% by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomers with at least two polymerizable double bonds,b) 5 to 60% by weight of monomers with a functional group andc) other ethylenically unsaturated monomers, the sum of all the monomers being 100% by weight, and subsequent reaction of the polymer (A) formed with compounds (B) which, in addition to a group which can react with the functional groups of (A), contain at least one ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable double bond.The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of the acrylate copolymers.

Abstract: An alkoxycoumarin substituted by a heterocyclic radical, or the formula ##STR1## R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, trifluoromethyl, phenyl or halogen, or together form a C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -alkylene chain, R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl or halogen, n is an integer of from 0 to 3, R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.