Abstract: Reactive dyes of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,X is hydrogen or hydroxysulfonyl,Hal is fluorine or chlorine,D is phenylene, carboxyl- or hydroxysulfonyl-monosubstituted or -disubstituted phenylene or hydroxysulfonyl-monosubstituted or -disubstituted naphthylene,A is a fiber-reactive radical, or A--D combined is a benzo-fused fiber-reactive radical, andZ is a bridge member, are useful for dyeing or printing hydroxyl- or nitrogen-containing substrates.

Abstract: Carbonyl halides I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl or halocycloalkyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each alkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl or halocycloalkyl and may furthermore be bonded to one another to form a 5-membered to 7-membered ring andX is halogen,are prepared by reacting an alkyl halide II ##STR2## with carbon monoxide under superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a catalytic amount ofa) aluminum bromide and in the presence or absence of a solvent orb) aluminum chloride or bromide and in the presence of a halohydrocarbon and a carbonyl halide of the formula IIIR.sup.4 --CH.sub.2 --CO--Hal III,where R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and Hal is halogen.

Abstract: Reactive dyes of the formula ##STR1## where n is 1 or 2,X is a six-membered halogen-containing nitrogen heterocycle,L.sup.1, depending on n, is fluorine, chlorine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, phenoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or a bridge member which has one or two hydroxysulfonyl groups,D is the radical of a diazo component of the aniline or naphthalene series which has at least one hydroxysulfonyl group,L.sup.2 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl,L.sup.3 is the cationic radical of an aromatic heterocycle which is linked to the pyridone ring via a nitrogen atom, andL.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,with the proviso that the number of hydroxysulfonyl groups in the molecule exceeds that of the cationic groups by at least one, are useful for dyeing and printing hydroxyl- or nitrogen-containing substrates.

Abstract: Phenylpiperidinylamines of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is --NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.4 or ##STR2## R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each, independently of one another, H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or together are a (CH.sub.2).sub.n chain with n=4 or 5, andR.sup.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl,and the physiologically tolerated salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions containing these are described.

Abstract: N-Heterocyclomethylspiroheterocycles of the general formula I ##STR1## where A is a radical, II, III or IV ##STR2## R.sup.2 is CH.sub.3, OH or OCH.sub.3, n is from 0 to 3,R.sup.3 is hydroxyl, acyloxy, alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted benzoyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted benzyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl,X is oxygen, sulfur or methylene,Y is hydrogen or hydroxyl, andR.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted cyclohexyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, their addition salts with acids, and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: Strong, transparent and readily dispersible copper phthalocyanine pigments are obtained by grinding the crude pigment in the presence of from 1 to 10% by weight (based on the crude pigment) of an organic liquid at from 90.degree. to 140.degree. C., the pigment forms obtained giving printing inks with very good flow characteristics.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of copolymers which contain monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids as copolymerized monomer units, which comprises copolymerizinga) 10 to 60% by weight, based on the sum of the monomers, of a monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid of 4 to 6 carbon atoms, -or an alkali metal salt thereof or, an anhydride thereof,b) 90 to 40% by weight of a monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid of 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkali metal salt thereof andc) 0 to 20% by weight of another monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, not having carboxyl groups and which is copolymerizable with a) and b);in an aqueous medium in the presence of from 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on monomers, of a water-soluble initiator.

Abstract: Disazo dyes suitable for preparing inks have the formula ##STR1## where m is 1 or 2,n is 0 or 1,Z.sup.1 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,Z.sup.2 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkanoyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylsulfonyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenylsulfonyl or a derivatized 1,3,5-triazinyl radical, andD is the radical of a diazo component of the class of the thiazole, thiophene, aminobenzoic acid or phenylenediamine compounds.

Abstract: Hetarylalkenes of the general formula I ##STR1## where Ar is hetaryl,A is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl or unsubstituted or monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted aryl or aralkyl, ##STR2## Z is whereR is hydrogen, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -acyl, unsubstituted or substituted benzoyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl-substituted phenylsulfonyl or a radical R.sup.1,R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or benzyland Hal is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine,and B is unsubstituted or substituted mononuclear or dinuclear aryl, aralkyl or hetaryl,and their N-oxides and addition salts, the preparation of these substances, intermediates for this purpose and the preparation thereof, fungicides containing hetarylalkenes and a corresponding method for controlling harmful fungi.

Abstract: Benzisothiazole-azo dyes useful for dyeing synthetic fiber materials have the formula ##STR1## where X is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, cyano or nitro and K is a radical of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1 is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -alkenyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methyl andR.sup.4 is hydrogen, cyano, carbamoyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-dispersible binders for cationic electrocoating paints, a process for the preparation of these binders and a process for electrophoretic coating of an electrically conducting substrate, connected as cathode, from an aqueous bath based on this binder.The water-dispersible binders are reaction products of(A) epoxy resins containing low-molecular, preferably aromatic groups, having an epoxide equivalent weight below 750,(B) 10% to 60% by weight, prerferably 20% to 40% by weight, based on the total binder, of a prepolymer having a molecular weight (mass average) of 500 to 5000 and an average content per molecule of 0.1 to 1.9 hydroxyl groups and 0.1 to 1.0 carboxyl groups, the total of the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups being between 1 and 2, with an aromatic groups content of 10% to 45% by weight, calculated as phenylene groups contained in the resin solids in % by weight.

Abstract: Readily dispersible pigment granules are prepared by dispersing, in an aqueous suspension of the pigment, by thorough stirring, a gas which does not react with the suspension in fine bubbles under essentially atmospheric pressure and converting the resulting pigment suspension into pigment granules by spray drying or by mechanical removal of the liquid, shaping of the still moist pigment cake and subsequent drying.

Abstract: A method of removing or of accumulating heavy metal ions from an aqueous solution by contacting the latter with an ethylene copolymer, in which a copolymer of ethylene with (meth)acrylic acid and a (meth)acrylate is used, in which the carboxyl groups may be neutralized by metal ions to an extent of 100% or less.

Abstract: Compositions of the formula IMO.sub.12 P.sub.a V.sub.b X.sup.1.sub.c X.sup.2.sub.d X.sup.3.sub.e Sb.sub.f Re.sub.g S.sub.h O.sub.n (I)whereX.sup.1 is potassium, rubidium and/or cesium,X.sup.2 is copper and/or silver,X.sup.3 is cerium, boron, zirconium, manganese and/or bismuth,a is from 0.5 to 3.0,b is from 0.01 to 3.0,c is from 0.2 to 3.0,d is from 0.01 to 2.0,e is from 0 to 2.0,f is from 0.01 to 2.0,g is from 0 to 1.0,h is from 0.001 to 0.5 andn is a number determined by the valency and content ofthe elements different from oxygen in I, are used as catalysts for preparing methacrylic acid by gas-phase oxidation of methacrolein.

Abstract: Novel substituted N-hydroxypyrazoles or N-hydroxytriazoles of the general formula I ##STR1## where X and Y are O, S, SO, SO.sub.2 or CH.sub.2, B is N-pyrazolyl or N-1,2,4-triazolyl of the formulae Ba and Bb respectively ##STR2## R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, z is 1, 2 or 3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy, and n is 0, 1 or 2, and methods of combating pests.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymers containinga) from 80 to 99% by weight of polystyrene,b) from 1 to 20% by weight of a styrene-soluble polymer having a softening point above 140.degree. C.,c) from 3 to 10% by weight, based on the sum of a) and b), of a C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -hyrocarbon as blowing agent, and, if desired, d) conventional additives,the mixture of components a) and b) having a melt flow index MFI 200/5 of from 15 to 30, have high heat distortion resistance and a high capacity for expansion.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions containing, each percentage being based on the weight of the aqueous solution,a) from 5 to 20% by weight of the dye of the formula ##STR1## (calculated as free acid) where cat.sup..sym. is a mixture of cations comprising from 5 to 50 mol % of lithium ions, from 5 to 40 mol % of diethanolammonium ions and from 20 to 90 mol % of triethanolammonium ions, andb) from 0 to 15% of urea, are useful for dyeing paper stock.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of cellular polyurethane elastomers involves reactinga) an organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanate withb) a polyether polycarbonate diol which contains bonded polyoxytetramethylene glycol radicals having a mean molecular weight Mn (number average) of from 150 to 500, and, if desired,c) a low-molecular-weight chain extender and/or crosslinking agent,in the presence ofd) a blowing agent,e) a catalyst andf) if desired additives and/or assistants.

Abstract: In thermoplastic elastomers selected from the group consisting of the thermoplastic polyurethanes, of the polyetheresters and of the polyetheramides which are derived from polyetherpolycarbonatediols as diol components, the polyetherpolycarbonatediols used are reaction products of phosgene, dialkyl carbonates having C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl groups or cyclic carbonates having C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene bridges or mixtures thereof with mixtures ofa.sub.1) from 10 to 100 mol % of polyoxytetramethylenediol having a number average molecular weight M.sub.n of from 150 to 500 anda.sub.2) from 0 to 90 mol % of polyoxyalkylenediols which differ from a.sub.1) and have C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylene groups, aliphatic alkanediols of 2 to 14 carbon atoms, alicyclic alkanediols of 3 to 14 carbon atoms or alkylene oxides of 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Aqueous polymer emulsions whose polymer component essentially consists ofA) from 15 to 50% by weight of copolymer A ofI from 25 to 98.5% by weight of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl acrylate or methacrylate or a mixture of these esters,II from 0 to 60% by weight of a monomer I or a vinylaromatic,III from 1.