Abstract: Bithienyl derivatives of the formula Ia ##STR1## where the substituents have the following meanings: R.sup.1, R.sup.2 hydrogen, halogen, nitro, formyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylcarbonyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxycarbonyl and/or phenylcarbonyl;R.sup.3 hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy;A --CSNH.sub.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of an N-alkyl- or N,N-dialkyl-1,2-diaminoethane of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 - to C.sub.5 -alkyl, and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 - to C.sub.5 -alkyl, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is an integer from 1 to 6, by reacting an imine of the general formula II ##STR2## with an amine of the general formula III ##STR3## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined above, which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of carbon dioxide at from 10.degree. to 150.degree. C. and at from 0.5 to 50 bar.

Abstract: Novel sulfonium salts suitable for use as photoinitiators for cationic polymerization and for photoresists have the general formula (I) ##STR1## where X is 1, 2 or 3,R is a hydrocarbon radicalR.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen or nitro,R.sup.2 is a monovalent radical containing more than 6 carbon atoms,Y is a single bond or a bridge member andA.sup..crclbar. is a non-nucleophilic counterion.

Abstract: A process for preparing .alpha.,.alpha.-dialkoxy ketones of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.30 -cycloalkylakyl, C.sub.9 -C.sub.30 -alkylcycloalkyl, unsubstituted or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkoxy-, halogen-, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl-, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy-, phenyl-, phenoxy-, halophenyl-, halophenoxy- and/or cyano-substituted aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 -aralkyl or heterocyclyl,R.sup.2 is also ##STR2## R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each, independently of one another, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 -cycloalkyl, aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 -arylalkyl, or together are an unsubstituted or C.sub.1-C.sub.4 -alkyl- substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 -alkylene chain andR.sup.5 is R.sup.1 or together with R.sup.1 is an unsubstituted or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl-substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dispersing process in which a mill base consisting of solids and of a liquid phase is conveyed through a stirred ball mill containing a grinding medium, energy is supplied in this stirred ball by rotating rotors, and the solids are dispersed, and wet with the liquid phase, wherein the rotors rotate at such a high speed that the grinding medium moved by them forms, as the result of the centrifugal force, a rotating grinding medium charge which is in contact with the inner wall of the stirred ball mill, a space which is essentially free of a grinding medium being formed in the center of this grinding medium charge, the mill base is fed radially into the stirred ball mill, flows radially through the grinding medium charge in such a way that a centrifugal fluidiesd bed is formed with respect to the grinding medium, and is removed from the space which is free of grinding medium through an apparatus for separating off grinding medium.

Abstract: A process for the continuous preparation of alkyl pentenoates comprises the following steps:a) reaction of a butadiene-containing C.sub.4 cut with an alkanol and carbon monoxide in the presence of a cobalt carbonyl catalyst and heterocyclic aromatic tertiary nitrogen base at from 100.degree. to 160.degree. C. and under from 100 to 1,200 bar andb) treatment of the resulting reaction mixture, at the rate at which it is obtained, in a treatment zone, at from 100.degree. to 160.degree. C. under from 250 to 1,200 bar with a residence time of from 5 to 60 minutes, substantially without back-mixing.

Abstract: Azo dyes useful for thermotransfer printing have the formula ##STR1##

Abstract: A yarn interlacer is provided which, being of modular construction, possess a greater versatility for processing yarns of different types.

Abstract: Aqueous polymer formulations contain one or more polymers, external plasticizers, effective amounts of emulsifiers and, if necessary, natural and/or synthetic waxes and are suitable as binders on leather.

Abstract: Aqueous formulations of copolymer latices and polyisocyanate dispersions, containingA) from 5 to 40% by weight of one or more synthetic resins of(a) from 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of one or more monoolefinically unsaturated monomers which carry one or more groups which are reactive with isocyanates and(b) from 80 to 99.9 parts by weight of one or more mono- or diolefinically unsaturated monomers which are copolymerizable with (a) and have no acidic hydrogen atoms,B) from 0.5 to 5% by weight of one or more finely divided, stabilized polyisocyanates,C) effective amounts of dispersants andD) from 5 to 40% by weight of one or more finely divided fillers,are used as coating materials for woven and nonwoven substrates.

Abstract: A method of pretreating fabrics and textiles to impart soil release properties involves contacting the fabrics with a graft copolymer of polyoxyethylene terephthalate/polyethylene terephthalate with vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate.

Abstract: Process for producing dipeptides from non-proteinogenic amino acids with terminal carbon atoms.

Abstract: .alpha.-Arylacrylates substituted by a heterocyclic radical and of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkoxy or alkylthio, R.sup.2 is alkyl, Het is pyridyl, pyridone, quinolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrimidinone, the heterocyclic ring system being unsubstituted or substituted, A is carbonyloxy, oxygen or sulfur, and n is 0 or 1, and their plant-tolerated acid addition salts and metal complexes, and the N-oxides of the heterocyclic compounds, and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: Polypeptides which differ from lymphotoxin by the absence of amino acids at the N-terminal end of the lymphotoxin are described. The polypeptides can be prepared by gene manipulation and are suitable, alone or in combination with lymphokines, as pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The orientation ratio (R.sub.f) of a magnetic layer is defined as the ratio of the magnetizations in the playing direction and the crosswise direction. Assuming that the magnetic layer has anisotropy with respect to the transmittance of infrared light, owing to the orientation of the magnetic pigments, infrared light from a source (IR) is passed through a polarizer (P). The linearly polarized light strikes the magnetic recording medium (M), which is conveyed over a transparent support (T). The support and polarizer are adjusted with respect to one another so that a detector (D) is exposed to maximum light intensity, which is proportional to the orientation ratio (R.sub.f).

Abstract: A compound is described that is useful for metal surface modification, particularly aluminum flake pigment surface modification, having the formula: ##STR1## where X, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, D.sub.1, D.sub.2, D.sub.3, j, k, m, and n are as defined herein.A method for surface modification of a metallic flake pigment with the compound and compositions containing the surface modified metallic flake pigment is also described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an aqueous coating composition, comprising:a) an aqueous nonionic dispersion of a polymer selected from the group consisting of a acrylic resin, polyurethane resin and mixtures thereof;b) a nonionic water soluble polymer having a molecular weight of from about 3,000 to about 200,000 daltons;c) pigments; andd) optionally additives selected from the group consisting of crosslinkers, organic solvents, surfactants, rust inhibitors, catalysts, and mixtures thereof.The new aqueous coating composition is stable in the presence of acids and bases especially with the cure of crosslinkers.

Abstract: Products of the condensation of phenolmonosulfonic acids, dihydroxydiphenyl sulfones, urea and formaldehyde can be obtained by(A) preparing a homogeneous reaction mixture in sulfuric acid from the phenolmonosulfonic acid and dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone in the molar ratio of from 3:1 to 10:1, with the proviso that the water content of the mixture is not more than 10% of the total weight of the components, and the mixture contains from 0.3 to 1.5 moles of sulfuric acid per mole of dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone, at from 100.degree. to 180.degree. C.,(B) subsequently, at from 40.degree. to 90.degree. C., carrying out a precondensation with 1 to 2 moles of formaldehyde and 0.5 to 1.5 moles of urea per mole of phenol units present in aqueous medium,(C) partially neutralizing the reaction mixture,(D) adding to the partially neutralized reaction mixture 0 to 0.5 mole of phenol per mole of phenol units present and then 0.1 to 0.8 mole of formaldehyde per mole of phenol units then present,(E) further condensing at from 40.

Abstract: Poly-N-vinylformamide which contains structural units of the formula ##STR1## and a terminal double bond of the formula ##STR2## is prepared by anionic polymerization of N-vinylformamide in the presence of bases.

Abstract: The invention relates to urethane polymers exhibiting excellent heat transfer properties. Specifically these polymers are used as adhesives for the purpose of adhering cooling/condensing tubes to metal panels for the manufacture of freezer and refrigerator cabinets.