Abstract: Thiophene-2-carboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, halogen, branched or straight-chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -haloalkoxy, nitro, cyano, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl which is mono- to trisubstituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -haloalkoxy;X is --OR.sup.4 or --NH--OR.sup.5,R.sup.4 being branched or straight-chain C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 -alkynylalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen; andR.sup.5 being branched or straight-chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, or branched or straight-chain C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 -alkynylalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen;with the proviso that R.sup.4 is not propargyl when R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are both hydrogen or when R.sup.2 is halogen or R.sup.3 is chlorine, methyl or methoxy.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,5-dihydrofurans of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are identical or different and are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, by the catalytic rearrangement of 3,4-epoxy-1-butenes of the general formula II ##STR2## comprises the rearrangement being catalyzed by a system which contains components A, B and C, at from 60.degree. to 200.degree. C., whereA is a halide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or an onium halide,B is an organic solubilizer for component A, andC is a Lewis acid or elemental iodine,with the proviso that at least one of components A or C is an iodide. 2,5-Dihydrofurans are intermediates for the well known tetrahydrofurans which are used as solvents, e.g. for polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and other difficultly soluble organic materials, and are also used as monomers for the preparation of polytetrahydrofurans.

Abstract: A video cassette consists of an upper cassette part (8) and a lower cassette part (6), at least one reel which is located therein and onto which magnetic tape can be wound, in which a pressing spring resiliently loads the tape reels (1, 2) in the direction of a defined operating position, the hub (3) of the tape reels having on its side facing the upper cassette part a centrally arranged sleeve-shaped recess (11). According to the invention, there is seated in the recess a helical spring (10), which is resiliently supported in the recess and in the other end of which there is fitted a pin (12), which consists of abrasion-resistant material and the upper end (7) of which bears against the upper cassette part (8) in the assembled cassette state (FIG. 2).

Abstract: Substituted sulfonylureas of the formula I ##STR1## where the substituents and indices have the following meanings: x is oxygen or sulfur;z is nitrogen or methine (=CH--);R.sup.1 is halogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkoxy, or a radical --CONR.sup.6 R.sup.7, whereR.sup.6 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy andR.sup.7 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl;R.sup.2 is halogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl;R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkylthio, halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, mono-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino, di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: An optical recording medium contains tetraazaporphyrins of the formula ##STR1## where L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3 and L.sup.4 are each independently of the others the radical of a bicyclic aromatic heterocycle containing 1 to 3 identical or different heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, which may be substituted, andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have defined meanings.

Abstract: Caprolactam is purified continuously by passing a 75-95% strength by weight aqueous caprolactam solution together with hydrogen at 50.degree.-95.degree. C. and 1.5-100 bar upward through a fixed-bed supported palladium or nickel catalyst in a tubular zone while maintaining a residence time of from 10 to 100 min.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions suitable for producing interior components for vehicles for the conveyance of passengers, in particular aircraft, which show a low smoke gas density and low heat release characteristics in the event of a fire, are based on a heat-resistant plastic which contains as a filler from 0.5 to 50% by weight of an oxide of an element of main group III, IV or V, of a salt of an oxygen acid of an element of main group III, IV or V or of a compound which on heating forms such an oxide or salt.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of gamma and delta lactones from organic carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof is disclosed. The process comprises cultivating, under aerobic conditions, a fungus of the genus Mucor in a suitable medium containing the carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: A method of treating injuries in a patient associated with spinal cord trauma is disclosed. The method comprises administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of (S)-emopamil or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The process of manufacturing thiazolo-(2,3-b)-quinoazolones of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are defined in the disclosure, wherein either a) an anthranilamide derivative of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, is reacted with a thiazole derivative of the formula III ##STR3## where X is fluorine, chlorine, bormine, alkylsulfonyl or arylsulfonyl, or b) for certain radicals R.sup.4' from the group R.sup.4 - a thiazolo-(2,3-b)-quinazolone of the general formula IV ##STR4## is reacted with a nucleophile R.sup.4' -H, where R.sup.4' is alkoxy, alkylthio or unsubstituted or halogen-, alkyl-, haloalkyl-, nitro- or alkoxy-substituted phenoxy or thiophenyl, or an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salt of an alcohol.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions contain as essential components(A) 10-89% by weight of a copolyamide of(A.sub.1) 80-99% by weight of recurring units derived from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine and(A.sub.2) 1-20% by weight of units derived from .epsilon.-caprolactam,(B) 10-80% by weight of polyhexamethyleneadipamide,(C) 1-40% by weight of an impact-modifying rubber and in addition(D) 0-60% by weight of a fibrous or particulate filler or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Copolyamides which contain units of the formula --NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --NH are prepared by a continuous process in whicha) an aqueous solution of from 5 to 80% by weight of a salt of 1,4-diaminobutane, and dicarboxylic acids and from 20 to 95% by weight of further polyamide-forming starting materials are heated to a temperature above the melting point of the copolyamide, with the addition of diamines and with vaporization of water, under superatmospheric pressure,b) the vapor phase and prepolymer are brought into intimate contact with one another,c) the prepolymer is separated from the vapor phase and the polymer is discharged after a total residence time of not more than 30 minutes, andd) diamines are separated off from the vapor phase and recycled to a).

Abstract: In flue gases or other humid exhaust gases which contain NO.sub.x and SO.sub.2, the NO.sub.x content is reduced and the SO.sub.2 content is oxidized to SO.sub.3 by a catalytic processing and the SO.sub.3 content is subsequently condensed as sulfuric acid. In order to prevent a clogging and deterioration of the catalyst and a contamination of the sulfuric acid the flue gas is subjected before the catalytic processing to a fine dedusting by a scrubbing with hot dilute sulfuric acid. In dependence on the water content of the flue gases the concentration of sulfuric acid in the dilute sulfuric acid and the temperature of the latter are adjusted so that no water will be transferred from the flue gases to the dilute sulfuric acid and no water or only a small amount of water will be transferred from the dilute sulfuric acid to the flue gas.

Abstract: An acicular, ferromagnetic material which has a high coercive force and essentially consists of iron-containing chromium dioxide is prepared by thermal decomposition of hydrated chromium(III) chromate under superatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A method of separating .gamma.-butyrolactone from a mixture containing ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, water, n-butanol, 1,4-butanediol, diethyl succinate and .gamma.-butyrolactone, by distillation in vacuum columns.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-dilutable coating compositions which contain a binder, an aluminum pigment and an aqueous diluent. The water-dilutable coating compositions according to the invention are distinguished in that they contain, as the aluminum pigment, a pigment which has been obtained by passivating a lubricant-containing aluminum pigment in an aqueous passivating solution which contains chromic acid and a water-soluble glycol ether of the general formula R.sup.1 --(--O--CHR.sup.2 --CH.sub.2 --).sub.n --OH (R.sup.1 represents a lower alkyl radical, R.sup.2 represents either an H atom or a lower alkyl radical, preferably a --CH.sub.3 group, and n represents a number from 1 to 5) and/or a water-soluble glycol of the general formula HO--(CHR.sup.3 --CH.sub.2 --O--).sub.n H (R.sup.3 represents either an H atom or a lower alkyl radical, preferably a --CH.sub.3 group, and n represents a number from 1 to 5), at not less than 50.degree. C., preferably 60.degree. to 90.degree. C.

Abstract: Pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazolones are prepared by reacting isatoic anhydrides with pyrazolones at from 100.degree. to 180.degree. C. in an inert organic solvent with simultaneous azeotropic removal of the water formed in the course of the reaction.

Abstract: A technique for examining surface structures which differ in respect of refractive index and/or height modulation of the surface comprises introducing these surface structures into a plasmon surface polariton field and scanning them by means of surface plasmon microscopy.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of ethylene copolymer waxes, which dispersions are free-flowing at room temperature, contain a mixture of an ethylene copolymer wax having a high acid number and an ehtylene copolymer wax having a low acid number.The novel mixtures are particularly suitable as surface preservatives, as components in floor care agents or as sizes in textile finishing.

Abstract: Substituted imidazolylmethyloxiranes and substituted imidazolylpropenes of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, tetrahydropyranyl, norbornyl, pyridyl, naphthyl, biphenyl or phenyl,D is oxygen or a single bond,E is H, F, Cl or Br,X, Y and Z are hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted amino, unsubstituted or substituted mercapto, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, hydroxyalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, and acid addition salts and metal complexes thereof tolerated by plants,processes for their manufacture, and fungicides containing them.