Abstract: Vinylpyrrolidone is removed from its polymers by a process in which an aqueous or alcoholic solution of the polymer is treated with an adsorbent, the adsorbents used preferably being active carbon, zeolites and especially acidic ion exchangers.

Abstract: Frozen crystal layers are purified by a process in which these crystal layers, after they have been frozen out from a melt or solution on a cooling surface, are brought into contact with a purifying liquid and thus purified over their entire thickness, after which the said layers are separated from the purifying liquid and then melted, wherein the temperature of the crystal layers and of the purifying liquid is close to the melting point or solubility temperature, mass transfer at the phase boundary is intensified by forced convection, and this purification is carried out in the course of from 1 to 60 minutes on layers having a thickness of from 0.2 to 10 mm.

Abstract: A box-shaped container for articles, consisting of a bottom part and a lid part, each having side walls, possessess on the side walls joint and rotation-restricting means which consist of one or more joint projections having an oblique surface and a hole having one or more bottom relief surfaces falling away on two sides. In an embodiment having a joint projection in the shape of a frying pan and one or more trapezoidal grooves arranged in a hole in such a way that their position is rotated, automatic closing and opening of the container can be achieved. The container is primarily intended for storing/archiving essentially right parallelepiped recording media, for example audio, video or data cassettes, but other articles too, for example jewelry etc., can advantageously be stored in such containers and protected from damage and dirt.

Abstract: A two-component polyurethane coating kit having a first component including a blocked isocyanate housed in a first container and a second component including an isocyanate-reactive compound housed in a separate container. The blocked isocyanate component unblocks at low temperatures due to the particular blocking agents used. When contacted with one another, the first and second components react to form a polyurethane coating composition. Also disclosed are a method of applying this polyurethane coating and an article of manufacture coated with this coating.

Abstract: A process for the continuous preparation of finely divided homopolymers and copolymers of ethene by catalytic polymerization in a circular tube reactor using a liquid alkane as reaction medium in which the ethene or ethene/comonomer mixture to be polymerized is present in dissolved form and the polymer formed is present in suspended form and running the reaction mixture as a cycle stream to which the feed materials are added by bleeding in and from which the polymer formed is withdrawn by bleeding out reaction mixture, comprising (a) maintaining the mean concentration C.sub.m of polymer in the cycle stream at a value within a certain range and (b) effecting the bleeding out of reaction mixture at a point of the cycle stream at which the concentration of polymer has a value which is lower than the mean concentration C.sub.m by a distinct and definite amount.

Abstract: This invention, therefore, relates to the field of polyurethane coatings for use in automobile basecoat/clearcoat systems. In particular, this invention relates to water-dispersible polyurethane resins having polyether sidechains which may be utilized in basecoat compositions as principal resins or grind resins. These polyurethane resins may be laterally stabilized or terminally stabilized. The terminally stabilized resins of this invention are preferably employed as principal resins in basecoat compositions.

Abstract: Copolymers of ethylene with vinyl esters are prepared in a continuously operated tubular polymerization system at high pressure and temperatures by feeding a mixture of ethylene, vinyl ester, initiator and, if appropriate, regulant into the polymerization system in the form of a mainstream at the inlet point thereof and at the same time through two or more secondary streams downstream of the inlet point, secondary streams (I) being metered in at points where the reaction temperature has just exceeded a maximum temperature due to the heat of polymerization and secondary streams (II) at points which, relative to the direction of flow of the ethylene, are upstream of the feed points of secondary streams (I) and upstream of the respective maximum temperature.

Abstract: Di-tert.-butylethylenediamine is prepared by reacting tert.-butylamine with glyoxal to form di-tert.-butylglyoxaldiimine and water and subsequently hydrogenating the diimine by(a) carrying out the reaction of tert.-butylamine with glyoxal in the presence of a hydrocarbon phase,(b) separating the hydrocarbon with the reaction product from water, and(c) catalytically hydrogenating the reaction product in the hydrocarbon phase.

Abstract: Polyurethane/polyisocyanurate rigid foams having low thermal conductivity are prepared from isocyanate-terminated quasi-prepolymers prepared from polyester polyols derived from phthalic anhydride or from the transesterification of polyethylene terephthalate scrap.

Abstract: 2-methyl-3-(p-methylphenyl)-propionitrile is prepared for use as a scent.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding materials contain, as essential components,(A) from 10 to 89.99% by weight of a polyester,(B) from 10 to 89.99% by weight of a polycarbonate and(C.sub.1) from 0.01 to 1% by weight of a low molecular weight organic compound of not more than 70 carbon atoms which contains (--SO.sub.3).sub.m Q groups where Q is hydrogen, NH.sub.4 or an alkali or alkaline earth metal and m is an integer equal to the valency of Q, and/or(C.sub.2) from 0.01 to 30% by weight of a polymer containing sulfo groups and having a weight average molecular weight of not less than 1000,and, as a further component,(D) from 0 to 30% by weight of a rubber impact modifier.

Abstract: Nylon granules are based on(A) from 20 to 99.99% by weight of a nylon,(B) from 0 to 60% by weight of fibrous or particulate fillers or a mixture thereof and(C) from 0 to 40% by weight of an impact modifying rubber and contain(D) from 0.01 to 1% by weight of an outer shell consisting of a mixture of(d.sub.1) zinc stearate or aluminum stearate or a mixture thereof,(d.sub.2) calcium stearate and(d.sub.3) an ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid of 6 to 24 carbon atoms with an aliphatic saturated alcohol of 2 to 24 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention, therefore, relates to the field of polyurethane coatings for use in automobile basecoat/clearcoat systems. In particular, this invention relates to the discovery that incorporating a long-chain carboxylic acid of at least 50% by weight of the carboxylic acid component used to make polyester resins which are further incorporated into polyurethane resins provides basecoat composition exhibiting low temperature flash characteristics. These low temperature flash characteristics are exhibited even where the basecoat is deposited at 50-90% relative humidity.

Abstract: Etherified 3-hydroxyvalerates of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are identical or different and are each alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 7 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 7 to 10 carbon atoms or aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms, are prepared by a process in which a 3-pentenoate of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sub.1 has the above meanings, is reacted with a compound of the formula IIIR.sub.3 -OH IIIwhere R.sub.3 has the same meanings as R.sub.2, at from 30.degree. to 95.degree. C. in the presence of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to aliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acid esters as defined herein which are useful as base oils alone in lubricating oil compositions or in admixture with completely synthetic, partially synthetic, or mineral oil-based lubricant compositions.

Abstract: Homo- co- and/or block polymers which are modified with amino functional groups, are obtained from vinylaromatics and/or dienes and contain functional groups of the formulae (I) to (VI) ##STR1## where N is nitrogen, R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 are each alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, Me is an alkali metal and A is an unsubstituted or substituted bridge which, in addition to carbon, may contain N or O members, a process for the preparation of the polymers from living anionically polymerized or alkali-metal-metallized homo-, co- and/or block copolymers from vinylaromatics and/or dienes, which are reacted with appropriate nitrogen compounds in the presence of a polar or nonpolar solvent, and the conversion of the polymers as claimed in claim 1 for the preparation of similar polymers by hydrolysis, alcoholysis and/or hydrogenation.

Abstract: 2-cis-Pentenoates are isomerized to 2-trans-pentenoates by a process in which a 2-cis-pentenoate is treated at from 20.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of one or more compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each cycloalkyl of 5 to 8 carbon atoms or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen atom on which they are substituents may form a 5-membered to 7-membered ring which may additionally contain a further nitrogen or oxygen atom, and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or a radical of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.4 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 7 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 7 to 10 carbon atoms or aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms, with the proviso that a tertiary amine is present only when R.sup.3 is a radical of the formula II.

Abstract: A process for combating the growth of unwanted plants, wherein the soil or the plants are treated with a compound of the formula ##STR1## where Ar denotes substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl, R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.2 denotes hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.3 denotes alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or substituted aralkyl, and Az denotes substituted or unsubstituted pyrazole, imidazole or triazole, or a metal complex thereof, and herbicides for carrying out the process.

Abstract: In the production of resist images by application of a radiation-sensitive positive-working resist layer based on degradable polymers onto a substrate, imagewise exposure of the resist layer to actinic radiation and removal of the irradiated parts of the layer with development of the resist image, the radiation-sensitive resist layer used is composed of poly(diacetylenes), in particular soluble ones. Preferably, the radiation-sensitive resist layer based on the poly(diacetylenes) contains sensitizers which can be activated by actinic radiation and which, after being activated, induce or accelerate molecular degradation of the poly(diacetylenes). Dry film resists comprise a temporary dimensionally stable base and a radiation-sensitive resist layer which is applied on the base, can be degraded by exposure to actinic radiation and is based on poly(diacetylenes), in particular soluble ones, with or without a cover sheet on top of the said resist layer.

Abstract: Textile polyester material is dyed with disperse dyes in the presence of specific benzophenone derivatives, some of which are novel, to improve the light fastness.