Abstract: The invention relates to water-dispersible binding agents for cationic electro-immersion varnishes on the basis of modified epoxy resins. The binding agents are reaction products of(A) low-molecular epoxy resins containing aromatic groups, with an equivalent epoxy weight of less than 375,(B) aliphatic and/or alicyclic polyfunctional alcohols and/or carboxylic acids with a molecular weight less than 350, where the intermediate product obtained from (A) and (B) has a content of aromatic groups of 10 to 45%, calculated as a phenylene group,(C) polyfunctional alcohols, carboxylic acids and/or SH-compounds with a molecular weight of 500 to 5000, and(D) amino alcohols with at least one concealed primary or a tertiary nitrogen atom.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where the individual radicals R are identical or different and are each hydrogen, an alkali metal, or ammonium which is unsubstituted or substituted by organic radicals, or are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl or a polyoxyethylene radical which contains from 1 to 10 ethylene oxide units and whose terminal OH group may be etherified by an alcohol of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, are used as sun screen agents.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are each C.sub.6 -C.sub.24 -alkyl or are each benzyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl or by cycloalkyl, and one of the radicals may furthermore be hydrogen, and the rings A, B, C and D can be further substituted by chlorine, methyl or methoxy, with the exception of the compound of the formula ##STR2## are useful as dyes in electrooptical liquid crystal displays or for the production of polarization films.

Abstract: Wholly aromatic mesomorphic polyester amides which form a liquid-crystalline fiber-forming melt below 320.degree. C. and are composed of(a) from 3 to 30 mol % of repeat units of the formula ##STR1## (b) from 3 to 25 mol % of one or more of the repeat units of the formulae II, III and IV ##STR2## (c) a molar amount corresponding to the total amount of components (a) and (b) of repeat units of the formulae V and/or VI ##STR3## (d) repeat units of the formula VII ##STR4## (e) if desired from 5 to 25 mol % of repeat units of the formula VIII ##STR5## the mole percentages of components (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) adding up to 100 mol % in each case, and the preparation and use thereof.

Abstract: Isoindoline dyes of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or benzyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are each hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl or nitro, give pure brilliant deep yellow colorations with good lightfastness in surface coatings, printing inks and plastics.

Abstract: Alpha,beta-substituted acroleins of the general formula I ##STR1## where A and B are identical or different and are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, naphthyl, biphenyl or phenyl which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by halogen, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, phenoxy or phenylsulfonyl, are prepared by a process in which a compound of the general formula III ##STR2## where A has the above meanings and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or together possess the carbon atoms required to complete a ring, is reacted with a phosphorus compound of the general formula IV or V ##STR3## where B the meanings stated above, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined above and X.sup..crclbar. is a halide ion, in the presence of a base. The alpha,beta-substituted acroleins can be further processed to give hydroxymethyloxiranes.

Abstract: Phenylacetaldehydes which are substituted by basic groups, of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 to R.sup.8, m and n have the meanings stated in the description, and their preparation are described. The substances are useful for the treatment of disorders.

Abstract: Stilbene derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, X is hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, cyano or nitro, Y is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl, aryloxy, halogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.4 H.sub.4 chain which is fused to the benzene radical, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, NO.sub.2, alkylthio, thiocyanato, cyano, aralkyloxy, aryloxymethyl, ##STR2## and R' and R" independently of one another are each hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or cycloalkyl or are each phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl, halogen or alkoxy, and n is from 1 to 4, and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to binders for cathodic electrocoating. These binders contain non-tertiary basic amino groups in addition to phenolic Mannich bases and consist of a mixture or precondensate of a polymer, polycondensate or polyadduct which has a mean molecular weight of 800 to 8,000 and a content of basic, primary and/or secondary amino groups of 0.8 to 8 equivalents per 1,000 molecular weight units and one or more phenolic Mannich bases prepared from one or more polynuclear polyphenols, formaldehyde or a formaldehyde donor and one or more secondary aliphatic amines, not more than one equivalent of a secondary amine and not more than 2 equivalents of formaldehyde being employed per equivalent of phenol for the preparation of component (B). These binders can be rendered water-dilutable by the addition of an acid and are suitable for the cathodic electrocoating of electrically conductive articles.

Abstract: The heat-hardenable binder mixture based on organic resins comprises an organic resin having primary and/or secondary and, if appropriate, also additional tertiary amino groups and a cross-linking agent based on an organic compound containing at least 2 carbalkoxymethyl groups. The binder mixture can additionally contain pigments, fillers, cross-linking catalysts, corrosion inhibitors and further finish auxiliaries. The binder mixture is used in a process for preparing coatings by applying a coating agent in the form of a film to a substrate and subsequently hardening the film by baking.

Abstract: The use of organophosphines, organophosphonium salts or organophosphine complexes as cure catalysts in the cure of maleimide resin systems produces products having excellent physical properties and improved gel times. These systems are especially useful in the production of advanced structural composites.

Abstract: Trisazo compounds of the formula ##STR1## where Z is ##STR2## X and Y independently of one another are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -alkoxy, benzyloxy, phenylethoxy, mono-C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -alkylamino, monobenzylamino, monophenylethylamino, monophenylamino, bis-C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -alkylamino, N-C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl-N-benzylamino, N-C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl-N-phenylethylamino or N-C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl-N-phenylamino, where the benzene rings are unsubstituted or substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, cyclohexyl, 4-C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkylcyclohexyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -alkoxy, phenoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -alkanoyloxy, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently of one another are each hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, or chlorine and R.sup.7 is hydrogen or methyl, and the ring A or B may furthermore carry a fused benzene ring, are very useful as dyes in liquid crystal media, for example for electrooptical displays.

Abstract: A new type of ionic thickener for water-based products including functional fluids such as hydraulic fluids, cosmetic emulsions, etc. These new thickeners are prepared from polyoxyalklylene glycols, higher alkyl monoepoxides, lower alkyl monohalo lower alkyl carboxylates, and alkali metal hydroxide. These novel thickeners are generally characterized by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a methylene or lower polymethylene group, R' is a higher alkyl group and R" is selected from the group consisting of oxyethylene groups and heteric or block copolymer mixtures of oxyethylene and other lower oxyalkylene groups, said copolymer containing at least 75 percent oxyethylene groups.

Abstract: Novel formulations which contain (a) one or more azo pigments based on coupling products of aromatic monoamines or 4,4'-diaminodiphenyls with acetoacetarylides, 1-arylpyrazolones, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid derivatives or .beta.-naphthol and (b) one or more dyes of the formulaQ--(X).sub.nwhere F is an n-valent radical of a monoazo dye, of a disazo dye or of a quinophthalone, n is 1, 2, 3 or 4 and X is a group of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or hydroxy-C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and A.sup..crclbar. is one equivalent of an anion.The pigments present in the formulations exhibit improved tinctorial, rheological and printing properties when the formulations are used in printing inks.

Abstract: Chloro-olefins which contain a group of the formula ##STR1## where Y is chlorine or hydrogen, which are prepared by a process in which a trichloromethyl compound which contains a group of the general formula ##STR2## where X is hydrogen or an organic radical, is reduced with a chromium(II) salt in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula IA--B--A (I)where A is a radical of the formula ##STR1## and B is a bridge member of the formula ##STR2## and where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are unsubstituted or hydroxy-, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy-, cyano-, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl-, di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino-, chlorine- or bromine-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl, phenylethyl or phenyl, orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen are morpholino, pyrrolidino, piperidino or N-methylpiperazino,R.sup.3 is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy or nitro,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently of one another are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or benzyl,X is oxygen or imino andalkylene is of 2 to 6 carbon atoms and is linear or branched.The compounds of the formula I are particularly suitable for coloring paper pulps.

Abstract: Flexible coatings are applied to the outer surfaces of automotive vehicles having metal and plastic portions from coating compositions having about 40 to 95% by weight of an epsilon-caprolactone modified acrylic polymer and about 5 to 45% by weight of an aminoplast resin cross-linking agent, the epsilon-caprolactone modified acrylic polymer having a number average molecular weight of about 1,000 to 6,000, hydroxyl contents from about 1 to 7% by weight, optionally about 0.1 to 4.0% by weight carboxyl contents and about 0.25 to 6 moles epsilon-caprolactone per mole of hydroxyl and/or carboxyl in the polymer, the coating composition having a solids content of about 35 to 68% by weight and a liquid carrier of about 32 to 65% by weight.

Abstract: Distillative separation of liquid mixtures of one or more water-insoluble substances which have boiling points higher than that of water and one or more substances which have boiling points lower than that of water or which form azeotropes having boiling points lower than that of water, wherein the mixture to be distilled is mixed with a quantity of water such that the boiling point of the water under the pressure applied limits the bottom temperature of the mixture of substances to be separated.

Abstract: This invention relates to moisture tempered, storage stable, single component polyurethane systems prepared from a polyurethane prepolymer derived from an aromatic polyisocyanate, and a polyaldimine, which are used for preparing polyurethane elastomers or polyurethane coatings having improved temperature resistance.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of vinyl chloride by vaporizing liquid 1,2-dichloroethane, thermally cracking the 1,2-dichloroethane and cooling the hot reaction mixture by means of cooled and condensed portions of the reaction mixture, wherein a defined amount of the 1,2-dichloroethane is taken off as liquid in or downstream of the vaporizer and mixed with a defined amount of the cooled liquid portion of the reaction mixture, the mixture is distilled and the constituents taken off the top of the distillation column are mixed with the liquid 1,2-dichloroethane upstream of the vaporizer while the constituents taken off the bottom of the distillation column are worked up by distillation.