Abstract: An optical recording medium contains, on a base, one or more dyes and a polymer which forms liquid-crystalline phases.The information is written into the uniformly oriented liquid-crystalline polymer layer, for example by means of a laser. During this procedure, the polymer heats up locally to above a phase transition temperature. By cooling, the resulting change is frozen in the glass state.The information can be erased by applying an electric field and/or heating.The recording material permits high-contrast storage and possesses high sensitivity, good resolution and excellent stability.

Abstract: Novel tetrahydrofurancarboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## or polymers of these containing units of the formula II ##STR2## where the radicals R independently of one another are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl, m is from 0 to 3, n is 1 or 2, and R' is a radical of the formula ##STR3## suitable terminal groups in the polymers being chlorine or hydroxyl in the case of the CO group and hydrogen in the case of the --NR.sup.2 group, A is a bridge member, R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl which may be interrupted by up to 3 oxygen atoms, unsubstituted or substituted phenylalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl and R.sup.2 is radical of the formula ##STR4## where R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are each methyl or ethyl and R.sup.8 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: Pyrazoles of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, are prepared by electrochemical oxidation of 2-pyrazolines of the general formula ##STR2## in the presence of an ionic halide.

Abstract: Magnetite pigments are prepared from iron(II) salt solutions by a process in which the mean particle size can be brought to a value within the range from 0.06 to 0.5 .mu.m by means of a residence stage between the precipitation stage and the oxidation stage.

Abstract: Fiber spin finish lubricants are disclosed which are ethylenediamine initiated "reverse" polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymers.

Abstract: A process for waterproofing leather and skins with a silicone oil and the salt of an N-(C.sub.9 -C.sub.20 -acyl)-amino acid as an emulsifier for the silicone oil, which is carried out in the aqueous phase during or after retanning, and the use of salts of N-acylamino acids as emulsifiers for silicone oils in the waterproofing of leather and skins in the aqueous phase, and the mixtures used for this purpose.

Abstract: 2-(N-Formylamino)-propionitrile is prepared by reacting acrylonitrile with formamide in the presence of a basic compound by a process in which the basic compound used is a tertiary nitrogen base.

Abstract: Preparation of aromatic carboxylic acid ortho-esters of the formula I ##STR1## where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and R.sup.1 is H, halogen, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy or CN, by electro-oxidizing benzene derivatives of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.2 is CH.sub.3 or CH(OR.sub.2), in the presence of an alcohol ROH, a halogenated triarylamine compound and a base, and novel ortho-trialkyl 4-tert-butoxybenzoates, where alkyl is of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.Ortho-trialkyl 4-tert-butoxybenzoates are scents and are also used to prepared p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters.

Abstract: A synthetic resin carrying basic nitrogen groups, its preparation, coating materials prepared from this resin, and a process for cathodic electrocoating.This synthetic resin is obtained by reacting(A) an epoxy resin which(B) a diketimine of a diprimary amineand, if required,(C) with a secondary amine, which may additionally contain a tertiary amino group, with a ketimine of a primary monoamine and/or with a ketimine of a primary/tertiary diamine,a diketimine obtained from(B.sub.1) a ketone and(B.sub.2) a branched aliphatic diprimary diamine of 5 to 9 carbon atoms and/or(B.sub.3) one or more diaminodiamides which are obtained by condensation of 2 moles of diamine (B.sub.2) and 1 mole of a dicarboxylic acidbeing employed as component (B).After protonation with an acid, this synthetic resin is useful as a binder for cathodic electrocoating.

Abstract: N-Benzoyl-N'-phenylureas of the formula ##STR1## where X, Y, Z and R have the meanings given in the description, are used for insect control.

Abstract: Thermally stable heat transfer fluids are disclosed which are polyoxyethylene polymers initiated with bisphenols. These polymers do not smoke excessively, volatilize, nor form sludge in high temperature heat transfer operations in open and closed systems.

Abstract: Calcium propionate is prepared by passing a vaporous mixture of propionic acid and water into an aqueous solution containing calcium propionate and calcium hydroxide, with or without propionic acid.

Abstract: 2-Amino-4-trichloromethylpyridine of the formula I ##STR1## The compound is an effective nitrification inhibitor.

Abstract: Imidazoles which carry a hydroxymethyl radical on a carbon atom of the imidazole ring are prepared by treating a 1-hydroxymethylimidazole, which is unsubstituted in one or more of the positions 2, 4 and 5 of the imidazole ring, with an anion exchanger.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing high temperature-resistant dense or cellular polyurethane elastomers by reacting the following, preferably using low-pressure processing techniques:(a) organic polyisocyanates, preferably in the form of isocyanate group-containing prepolymers and/or modified urethane group-containing organic polyisocyanates, with(b) relatively high molecular weight compounds having at least 2 reactive hydrogen atoms,(c) urea derivatives and, optionally,(d) chain extenders and/or cross-linking agents in the presence of(e) catalysts and, optionally,(f) blowing agents(g) auxiliaries and/or additiveswherein amino and/or hydroxyl group-substituted ureas and/or polyureas having molecular weights from 200 to 4000 are also used as the urea derivatives. Said ureas and/or polyureas are prepared by reacting organic diisocyanates with primary aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic diamines and/or alkanolamines in molar ratios of from 1:1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of cellular or non-cellular polyurethane-polyurea molded articles. The new process involves the use of urethane and isocyanurate group modified 2,4- and/or 2,6-toluene diisocyanate mixtures as the polyisocyanate component to improve the flowability of the reaction mixture without adversely affecting the mechanical properties of the resulting molded articles.

Abstract: Pulverulent and/or granular additives for pulverulent detergents and cleaning agents, consisting of(a) from 80 to 20% by weight of one or more copolymers comprising from 40 to 90% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid and from 60 to 10% by weight of maleic acid and/or one or more copolymers comprising from 10 to 45% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid, from 10 to 45% by weight of maleic acid and from 10 to 60% by weight of one or more hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates where hydroxyalkyl is of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, if appropriate in the form of a partially or completely neutralized water-soluble salt,(b) from 20 to 80% by weight of nitrilotriacetic acid or its mono-, di- or trisodium or mono-, di- or tripotassium salt and(c) from 0 to 20% by weight of one or more additives conventionally used for detergent and cleaning agent formulations, the use of these pulverulent and/or granular mixtures as additives for pulverulent and/or granular detergents and cleaning agents, and processes for the preparation of the said additives.

Abstract: Wastewaters are subjected to an oxidative treatment with a carbon-containing catalyst and an oxidizing agent by a process in which the carbon carrier used, e.g. graphite, coke or active carbon, is subjected to anodic oxidation in an aqueous mineral acid and then doped with molybdenum(Vl) and/or tungsten(VI) and/or vanadium(V) compounds.

Abstract: Polyphenylene ethers are prepared from monohydric phenols, which possess alkyl substituents in the two ortho-positions and, if desired, in the meta-position, but not in the para-position, by an oxidative coupling reaction with oxygen at from 15.degree. to 50.degree. C. and under from 1 to 10 bar in the presence of a catalyst complex, of a solvent and, if required, of an activator, by a method in which the conversion of the phenols is carried out in two more reaction zones, in which some or all of the solvent, the catalyst complex and the phenols and, where relevant, the activator is initially taken and is circulated by means of a conveying unit, and about 60-100% of the stoichiometric amount of oxygen required for the oxidative coupling is introduced into the first reaction zone and from 0 to about 40% of the said stoichiometric amount is introduced into the second reaction zone.

Abstract: Acyloxybenzenesulfonic acids and their alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts are prepared by a process comprising sulfonation of a phenyl ester in the presence or absence of a small amount of a complexing agent for the sulfonating agent SO.sub.3 or chlorosulfonic acid, subsequent acylation and, if desired, neutralization to give the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, and, if required, subjecting the latter to oxidative bleaching before drying.