Abstract: A granular bleaching activator for use in a detergent or bleach, which has particles which have a size of from 0.5 to 3 mm and are composed of(a) from 70 to 99.5% by weight of one or more bleaching activators for per-compounds and(b) from 0.5 to 30% by weight of one or more water-swellable assistantsand which have been prepared, without use of water, by compacting the components (a) and (b).

Abstract: The invention describes a process for the preparation of N,o-substituted mono- and/or polyurethanes of formulaR.sup.1 [--NHCOOR.sup.2 ].sub.n,in whichR.sup.1 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic, or heterocyclic radical, which may be substituted,R.sup.2 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or araliphatic radical which may be substituted with alkoxy or polyoxyalkylene groups, andis a whole number from 1 to 5,through the reaction of N-substituted allophanates and/or polyallophanates with alcohols R.sup.2 OH in the presence or absence of catalysts at temperatures of at least 160.degree. C., preferably from 165.degree. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: A liquid preservative for plated or unplated metal surfaces and surfaces of coatings, in the form of an aqueous wax dispersion which contains a special ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer wax, consisting of from 8 to 25% by weight of acrylic acid units and from 92 to 75% by weight of ethylene units, in partially or completely neutralized form, if appropriate as a mixture with waxes based on polyethylene oxidation products and/or hydrocarbon waxes, the use of this special ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer wax for preserving plated or unplated metal surfaces and surfaces of coatings, and a process for temporarily preserving metal surfaces and surfaces of coatings.

Abstract: Ketones are prepared by isomerization of aldehydes at elevated temperatures over zeolites.

Abstract: The compounds of the formula ##STR1## where Y is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine or nitro, Z is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, a sulfonic ester group or unsubstituted or substituted sulfamyl, X is --O-- or ##STR2## R is alkylene which may or may not be interrupted by oxygen or ##STR3## m is 0 or 1, p is 1 or 2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, or aryl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen form a heterocyclic structure, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 independently of one another are each hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkoxy or acylamino, K is a radical of a coupling component, A.crclbar. is an anion, R.sup.4 is unsubtituted or substituted alkyl and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A process for the thermolytic cleavage of formamide to give hydrocyanic acid and water over alumina or alumina/silica moldings subjected to final sintering or over high temperature corrosion-resistant stainless steel packings in the presence of atmospheric oxygen possesses, in particular, high HCN selectively and a high formamide conversion.

Abstract: Elastomeric thermoplastic molding materials contain(A) from 5 to 50 parts by volume of a partially or completely crystalline thermoplastic polymer having a melting point of above 160.degree. C., as a coherent phase, and(B) from 95 to 50 parts by volume of one or more crosslinked elastomeric polymers which are prepared by emulsion polymerization, are dispersed in the component A and have a glass transition temperature Tg of below -10.degree. C., the sum of A and B being 100 parts by volume, with the proviso that the mixture of A and B has a Vicat softening temperature, measured according to DIN 53,460, which is 5.degree.-40.degree. C. lower than that of the component A, with or without(C) effective amounts of conventional assistants.

Abstract: Alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of acyloxybenzenesulfonic acids of the formula I ##STR1## where R is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical of 1 to 17 carbon atoms or is phenyl which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or disubstituted by alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, halogen, methoxy or nitro, are prepared by neutralization, by a method in which a liquid acyloxybenzenesulfonic acid of the formula I and an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, carbonate or bicarbonate are combined in water, at from 0.degree. to 60.degree. C. and while mixing thoroughly, so that the pH is kept at from 2.5 to 7.0, and, if desired, the resulting salt is isolated from the aqueous solution in a conventional manner.

Abstract: 2-Amino-3,5-di-(halomethyl)-pyrazines of the general formula I ##STR1## where X is either chlorine or bromine, m and n may each be 0, 1, 2 or 3 and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen or a protective group or may furthermore be bonded to one another, in particular those compounds of the formula I in which m is 1 and n is 2 and/or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a phthaloyl radical, are useful intermediates for the pteridine building block of folic acid or folic acid analogs.They are obtained by a method in which a 2-amino-3,5-dimethylpyrazine of the general formula II ##STR2## is treated with a chlorinating or brominating agent and, where R.sup.1 and/or R.sup.2 are protective groups, these are, if desired, eliminated when the chlorination or bromination is complete.

Abstract: A laminate consists of a layer A of a polyolefin, reinforced with from 10 to 50% of glass fiber mats, and a metal layer D, which are bonded to one another by means of a mechanically adhesion-promoting layer B and an adhesive layer C. The adhesive is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, preferably having a melting range of from 110.degree. to 250.degree. C. The laminates are used as automobile components, and as housings and containers.

Abstract: Isoureas of the formula ##STR1## where X, Y and Z are each hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenoxy or unsubstituted or substituted arylalkoxy, R.sup.1 is alkyl, R.sup.2 is alkyl or methoxy and R.sup.3 is benzyl or is phenyl which can be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxyl, nitro, alkoxycarbonylmethoxy, alkoxycarbonylethoxy or a radical--NH--R.sup.4, processes for their preparation, and their use for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, methyl or cyano, R.sup.2 is alkyl, R.sup.3 is alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl, or propargyl, R.sup.4 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, formyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, methoxyalkylcarbonyl, unsubstituted or substituted benzoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl, N,N-dialkylcarbamyl, N-alkylcarbamyl, N-cycloalkylcarbamyl, N-alkoxy-N-alkylcarbamyl, unsubstituted or substituted N-phenylcarbamyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkenylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, N-alkylsulfamyl, N,N-dialkylsulfamyl, N-acyl-N-alkylsulfamyl, N-alkyl-N-methoxycarbonylsulfamyl, dialkoxyphosphoryl, dialkoxythiophosphoryl, 2-haloalkanoyl, acyloxyacetyl or alkoxyoxalyl, and R.sup.6 is alkyl, halogen, hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, nitro or amino, and salts of these compounds, and the use of these compounds for controlling unwanted plant growth.

Abstract: The invention relates to unsaturated homo- and/or copolymerizable polyesters which have been prepared from an alcohol component comprising a multivalent alcohol, a carboxylic acid component comprising a multivalent carboxylic acid and optionally, hydroxycarboxylic acids or their derivatives capable of forming esters, and an acid component selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, aconitic acid, their derivatives capable of forming esters and mixtures thereof. As part of the alcohol coponent, hydroxylated polybutadiene with an average molecular weight of 2400 to 3000 and a hydroxy-functionality of 2.2 to 2.4 is condensed into the polyester. The polyesters exhibit useful flow anomalies which are due to their molecular structure.

Abstract: New and valuable herbicidal composition based on benzothiadiazinone dioxide derivatives and phenoxybutyric acid derivatives.

Abstract: The conversion is increased in the preparation of polyisobutylene by polymerization of isobutylene in a polymerization zone at from 0.degree. to -130.degree. C. in the presence of from 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of a boron trifluoride catalyst, from 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of a molecular weight regulator and from 30 to 90% by weight of a low-boiling solvent which is inert under the reaction conditions, by a process in which the content of but-1-ene in the monomeric isobutylene is kept constant at from 1.9 to 2.1, in particular 2.0, % by weight.

Abstract: Optically active carboxylic acids ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is an organic radical which is linked to the asymmetric C' atom via a carbon atom and R.sup.2 is one of the radicals R.sup.1 (but not the same radical), halogen or an organic radical which is bonded to the asymmetric C' atom via an oxygen atom, are prepared by reacting a ketene II ##STR2## with an alcohol in a homogeneous liquid phase in the presence of a tertiary amine III and then converting the resulting ester into the acid, using an optically active alcohol IV.

Abstract: Graft polymer dispersions in polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols are employed together with flame retardant compounds to prepare flame retardant polyurethane foams. The polymer dispersions employ less than 0.1 mole of induced unsaturation per mole of polyol mixture. Processes for the preparation of these polymer dispersions employ fumarate derived polyetherester polyols or polyetherester polyols prepared by reacting a polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol with a compound selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, maleic anhydride and fumaric acid and an alkylene oxide in the presence of salts and oxides of divalent metals. The polymer dispersions are prepared in the presence of a reaction moderator and employ 50 weight percent or more of acrylonitrile.

Abstract: White graft polymer dispersions in polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols are employed together with flame retardant compounds to prepare flame retardant polyurethane foams. The polymer dispersions employ less than 0.1 mole of induced unsaturation per mole of polyol mixture. Improved processes for the preparation of these polymer dispersions employ either maleate or fumarate derived polyetherester polyols or polyetherester polyols prepared by reacting a polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol in the presence of a chain transfer agent with a compound selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, maleic anhydride and fumaric acid and an alkyklene oxide in the presence of salts and oxides of divalent metals.

Abstract: Isothioureas of the formula ##STR1## where X, Y and Z are each hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy or unsubstituted or substituted arylalkoxy, R.sup.1 is alkyl, R.sup.2 is alkyl or methoxy and R.sup.3 is benzoyl which may be monosubstituted or disubstituted by alkyl, halogen or haloalkyl, or is a radical of the formula ##STR2## where A is oxygen or sulfur, R.sup.4 is alkyl, alkoxyethyl, haloalkyl or phenyl and R.sup.5 is methyl, ethyl, phenyl, alkoxy, alkoxyethoxy, haloalkoxy, phenoxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino or alkylthio, a process for their preparation, and their use for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a rubber lubricant composition characterized by complete wetting of the elastomer surface both before and after vulcanization which gives a matte finish on cooling down that remains soft and does not flake off and which washes off easily after molding whereby there is little of no ooze after several months storage. This comprises (1) polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer having a molecular weight of the hydrophobe of about 1000 to 12,000 and containing 40 to 80 percent oxyethylene groups and (2) an alkyl phenol ethoxylate.