Abstract: 3-Formyltetrahydrothiopyrans are prepared by hydrogenating a 3-formyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-thiopyran in the presence of a catalyst containing nickel, cobalt, platinum, copper and/or silver; if necessary, the 3-formyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-thiopyrans are prepared by converting bis-(.beta.-formylethyl) sulfides and/or 3-formyl-4-hydroxytetrahydrothiopyrans in the presence of an acidic catalyst, and, if required, these bis-(.beta.-formylethyl) sulfides and/or 3-formyl-4-hydroxytetrahydrothiopyrans are prepared by reacting an acrolein with hydrogen sulfide (a) in the presence of a basic catalyst and of methylene chloride, aromatic hydrocarbons and/or 1,1,2-trichloroethane as solvents, and/or (b) in the presence of a carboxamide.The compounds obtainable by the process according to the invention are useful starting materials for the preparation of dyes, drugs and pesticides.

Abstract: Organosilyl compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or substituted aryl, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are alkyl or hydrogen and Y is CH.sub.2, oxygen, nitrogen or alkyl-substituted nitrogen, their salts and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a printing ink which is to be used for printing paper and which consists of pigment, an alkyd resin binder which has been modified with fatty acids having an iodine number below 20, and, if desired, further binder and further customary constituents, such as lubricants, solvents, thickeners and thixotropic agents. The alkyd resin is an epoxy alkyd resin having an acid number below 11 and is present in the printing ink in an amount of at least 40% by weight, based on the total binder content. It has been prepared by reacting(a) a fatty acid of 6-20 carbon atoms or a mixture of such acids or triglycerides thereof,(b) a polyol,(c) an epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 380-2,900, an epoxide equivalent weight of 175 to 2,050 and an ester equivalent weight of 80 to 200 and(d) a dicarboxylic acid, the proportion of the epoxy resin amounting to 1 to 40 mole %, based on the total amount of polyol and epoxy resin.

Abstract: N-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-yl)-azolylureas of the formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or alkyl, X is hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, phenyl or phenoxy, m is an integer from 1 to 4, Y is CH or N, R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl or an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or benzyl radical, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen or alkyl, and fungicides which contain these compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to functional fluid concentrates and functional fluids which can be prepared by mixing the concentrates with water. The functional fluids can be used in hydraulic systems or as metalworking compositions to cool and lubricate surfaces which are in frictional contact during operations such as the turning, cutting, peeling, or grinding of metals.The functional fluid concentrate comprises:(a) a cloud point raising metal dialkyldithiophosphate additive having the following structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are individually linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl and alkylaryl groups having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms; and M is selected from the group consisting of Zn, Sb, Sn, Mg, and Mn; preferably Zn or Sb;(b) a polyether nonionic surfactant; and(c) an associative polyether thickener.Preferably the concentrate also contains a linear or branched alkanolamine having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Azole compounds of the formula ##STR1## where V is oxygen or sulfur, X is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, phenyl or phenoxy, m is an integer from 1 to 5, W is an olefin group which is unsubstituted or substituted, or is alkynyl, Z is CH or N, and Y is C.dbd.O or CR.sup.3 OR.sup.4, where R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or alkanoyl, and their plant-tolerated addition salts with acids and metal complexes, and fungicides which contain these compounds.

Abstract: A positioning device, comprising a cylindrical guide element and a guide surface, is so designed that an angle of less than 90.degree., especially of from 1.degree. to 80.degree., is formed between an axis at right angles to the direction of movement of the guide element over the guide surface and the axis of rotation of the guide element, in the plane containing these two axes. The peripheral surface of the guide element can be grooved or convex. The novel positioning device can be used with advantage in any type of recording/playback apparatus for disk records.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 have the meanings stated in the description, herbicides which contain these compounds and a method for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: Fatty alcohol oxyalkylates possessing blocked terminal groups are used as low-foam, antifoaming and biodegradable surfactants for industrial cleaning processes, in particular for bottle-washing and metal-cleaning.

Abstract: A tape guide system, especially a tape guide system for a magnetic tape cassette, comprising conductive connecting means between the tape guide elements and/or the front and back of the tape, prevents the tape from blocking, slipping from the tape reels, or folding over. In practical embodiments, pieces of flexible conductive plastics film are arranged in the vicinity of the guide elements. The novel tape guide system can be used in any type of magnetic tape transport mechanism in which increased friction occurs when the tape is transported, especially in video cassettes for all systems.

Abstract: A support liner (20) for a magnetic tape cassette comprises a coherent double liner whose individual liner parts (20a and 20b) are supported against the inner walls of the cassette to provide a cushioned support for tape rolls of the cassette.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-dispersible binders for cationic electro-dip paints which are reaction products of(A) low molecular weight epoxy resins containing aromatic groups and having an epoxide equivalent weight under 375,(B) aliphatic and/or alicyclic poly-functional alcohols and/or carboxylic acids having a molecular weight under 350,(C) elasticized polyphenols having a molecular weight over 350 and(D) primary and/or secondary amines and/or their salts, the reaction product of A and B having a content of aromatic groups, calculated as phenylene group, of 10-45%.

Abstract: Methanol is prepared by catalytic conversion of a synthesis gas mixture, containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and/or water, at from 200.degree. to 320.degree. C. and under from 30 to 300 bar in adiabatic and/or isothermal reactions in the presence of a catalyst containing copper and zinc, by a process in which the fresh catalyst is reduced with a hydrogen-containing gas before the start-up of the process, and then the synthesis is started under conventional conditions and is continued until the formation of methanol in the reaction zone has declined substantially, after which the reaction is interrupted and the catalyst is regenerated.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for detecting error signals in a magnetic disk drive apparatus uses a test disk which has a plurality of test tracks distributed over the recording area and containing special test signals, a distinction being made between orientation, adjustment and azimuth bursts. Based on the normal position of the recording tracks of the magnetic disk, the spacing of the test tracks could depend on the type of step motor if such a motor is used in the positioning device. By special control, hysteresis errors can be measured in addition to tracking errors, eccentricity errors and azimuth errors.An advantageous use is for all types of disk drives, preferably FlexyDisk drives.

Abstract: Highly active pancreatin is obtained by autolysis of an aqueous isopropanol-containing tissue slurry, preferably buffered with sodium bicarbonate, until a test precipitation with aqueous isopropyl alcohol proves positive, and precipitating the batch with a higher concentration of isopropyl alcohol, resulting in a fiber suspension which can be sieved so that the solution obtained permits direct isolation of pancreatin by further increasing the concentration of isopropyl alcohol. A high bulk density of the finished dry preparation is achieved by stirring the precipitated pancreatin with isopropyl alcohol or acetone so as to bring the pancreatin to a concentration of 70-85% of isopropanol or 80-95% of acetone, isolating the pancreatin by suction filtration or centrifuging and drying it by treatment with dry air or nitrogen.

Abstract: Linear, basic polymer powders which contain units of the formula ##STR1## and have a Fikentscher K value of from 10 to 200 are prepared by eliminating the formyl groups from N-vinylformamide polymer powders with a gaseous hydrogen halide in the presence of not more than 5% by weight, based on the polymer used, of water.

Abstract: Cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, A and X have the meanings given in the description, and their use for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: A binder which is suitable for coating agents and is based on a combination which is essentially free of protective colloids and consists of an aqueous primary dispersion of a synthetic polymer and a water-insoluble polycondensate of phenols and aldehydes, some of which may be replaced by ketones, is prepared by a process in which the phenolic components for the polycondensate are first mixed with an aqueous primary dispersion of a synthetic polymer which contains glycidyl, carbonyl, N-methylol, N-alkoxymethyl, ether, amino and/or hydrazo groups and may furthermore contain carboxyl or hydroxyl groups, and the polycondensation with the aldehydes (and ketones) is then carried out in this mixture, under conventional conditions.The binders prepared according to the invention are useful as binders for dispersion paints and coatings, in particular as heat-curable binders for metal finishes.

Abstract: An apparatus for lining a form cylinder for gravure printing with a wrap-around plate is characterized by a machine frame having insertion apertures (3) provided in the area of its side walls (2) and allocated to the lateral journals (4) of the form cylinder (5), and having a swivel frame (10) which is pivotably mounted outside the insertion apertures (3), can be fixed relative to the machine frame and accommodates a drivable pressing roller (7) mounted in rotatable eccentric bushes. In this way, the wrap-around plate can be rolled onto the form cylinder, so that a full, uniform seating of the wrap-around plate on the cylinder periphery is ensured even when the form cylinder possesses no adjustable clamping device.

Abstract: H.sub.2 S-containing gases are desulfurized by direct catalytic oxidation of the H.sub.2 S to elemental sulfur with an oxygen-containing gas at elevated temperatures by a method in which the catalyst used is a supported titanium dioxide catalyst containing from 0.1 to 25% by weight of nickel oxide and from 0 to 10% by weight of aluminum oxide, the percentages being based on the supported catalyst.