Abstract: Cyclic .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ethers are prepared by isomerizing the corresponding .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated ethers at from 50.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of an iron carbonyl as the catalyst, and of a base.

Abstract: 3-[4-(1,3-Diazacyclo-2-yl)]-1,2-benzisothiazoles, their addition salts with acids, their manufacture, and pharmaceutical formulations which contain these compounds as active ingredients and which may be used for the pharmacotherapy of cardiac arrhythmias.

Abstract: A process for treating residues which result from the Wittig synthesis of olefins and which consist principally of methanol, triphenylphosphine oxide, salts and organic by-products, by steam-stripping the volatile constituents, with partial condensation of the steam, and separating the resulting aqueous-organic mixture at 80.degree.-100.degree. C. into a saline aqueous phase and an organic phase containing principally triphenylphosphine oxide. Using this process provides a simple method of freeing, from triphenylphosphine oxide and other organic impurities, the effluent from syntheses which result in the formation of triphenylphosphine oxide, and thereby on the one hand substantially facilitates the purification of the effluent and on the other hand provides a simple method of recovering the triphenylphosphine oxide.

Abstract: Dyes of the formula I ##STR1## in which A is phenyl or phenyl substituted by chloro, bromo, nitro, methyl, ethyl, methoxy or ethoxy; B.sup.1 is hydrogen, chloro, bromo, nitro, methyl or trifluoromethyl; B.sup.2 is hydrogen, chloro, bromo or nitro; R is C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; and X is hydrogen, chloro or bromo. The compounds are distinguished by high color strength, brilliance and good fastness properties such as light-fastness, fastness to overspraying, plasticizers fastness and insolubility in most solvents used in connection with pigments. They are particularly suitable for the coloring of air-drying surface coatings, rigid polyvinyl chloride and emulsion paints.

Abstract: New pyridinyl aminoalkyl ethers, their N-oxides and their physiologically acceptable addition salts with acids, processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical formulations which contain these compounds and are useful in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

Abstract: An automatic loading/unloading device for at least one magnetic head, consisting essentially of a support for the head and a spring-like member incorporating a ramp, the head support being decouplable from the spring-like member during loading and recouplable thereto upon unloading.The loading/unloading device of the invention can be used with advantage in any type of magnetic storage system which employs rigid magnetic media and magnetic heads which can be positioned relative to said magnetic media.

Abstract: A surfactant system comprising block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and/or their derivatives and adducts of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with dipropylene glycol.

Abstract: There is made a dentifrice containing a cationic anti-decay agent plus, to provide adequate foaming properties without an unpleasant taste, a nonionic surfactant which is an ethoxylated adduct of C.sub.15 or C.sub.16 fatty alcohol in which EO units account for 50 to 75 percent of the molecular weight of the adduct.

Abstract: A magnetic domain storage device comprising a ferromagnetic, polycrystalline metal layer which is applied to a support and comprises areas of different coercivity, the areas of lower coercivity in the form of strip-shaped channels being surrounded by areas of higher coercivity; a system of electrical conductors, extending in planes arranged parallel and in close vicinity to the ferromagnetic layer for creating, propagating and detecting magnetic domains in the channels of lower coercivity; and a baseplate with electrical connections. The areas of lower coercivity follow a path similar to a spiral with its one end adjacent to the center of the support and the other end adjacent to a corner of the support and executing at least one full 360.degree. turn between both ends. The domain storage devices of this type are distinguished by a higher storage capacity.

Abstract: Deposits of alkali metal ions such as calcium and magnesium on chlor-alkali cathodes and diaphragms are removed by feeding an acid such as hydrochloric acid into the cathode feed in an amount sufficient to reduce the pH below 8 for a time sufficient to remove these deposits and restore the cell to normal operation. The use of this invention allows one to use relatively high hardness water as the cathode feed solution during normal operation of a membrane chlor-alkali cell.

Abstract: Graft copolymers comprising a crosslinked, saturated, elastomeric grafting base and a hard shell are prepared by incorporating thermolabile comonomers, as copolymerized units, into the grafting base during the preparation of the latter, in particular at a conversion of from 50 to 90%. During the subsequent grafting of the shell, the conditions used are such that the thermolabile comonomers incorporated as copolymerized units into the grafting base decompose into free radicals. This gives graft copolymers having improved mechanical properties, which copolymers also prove advantageous for the preparation of mixtures with other thermoplastics compatible with the graft copolymers.

Abstract: Curable coating compositions of olefinically unsaturated compounds A and an N-vinyl compound B. The N-vinyl compounds carry at least 2 N-vinyl groups and at least one carbonyl group bonded to the nitrogen of the N-vinyl group. The coating compositions can be used for the manufacture of paints, printing inks, printing plates and photoresist materials.

Abstract: Cyclic ethers, especially tetrahydrofuran, are manufactured by dehydrating diols in the liquid phase in the presence of a bleaching earth as the catalyst and of a minor amount of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate or bicarbonate.

Abstract: Compounds which in the form of the free acids have the formula I ##STR1## where K is the radical of a coupling component, n is 1, 2 or 3, R.sup.1 is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine or hydroxysulfonyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, nitro, methyl or trifluoromethyl and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms (which may or may not be interrupted by oxygen and may be unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, alkoxy of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, phenyl or phenoxy), benzyl, phenylethyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl (which may be unsubstituted or substituted by chlorine, bromine, nitro, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, phenoxy, dialkylamino, where alkyl is of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or hydroxysulfonyl), naphthyl, pyridyl, thienyl or furyl. The compounds of the formula I may be used for dyeing nitrogen-containing fibers; the dyeings obtained are very fast and have brilliant hues.

Abstract: Phosphoric (phosphonic) acid esters of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 denotes linear or branched alkyl of up to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 denotes linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy or alkylthio, each of up to 4 carbon atoms, mono- or dialkylamino of up to 4 carbon atoms in each alkyl, or phenyl, R.sup.3 denotes linear or branched alkoxy or alkylthio of up to 4 carbon atoms, amino, mono- or dialkylamino of up to 4 carbon atoms in each alkyl, alkylalkoxyalkylamino of up to 4 carbon atoms in each alkyl or alkoxyalkyl, dialkoxyalkylamino of up to 4 carbon atoms in each alkoxyalkyl, alkylalkenylamino of up to 4 carbon atoms in each alkyl or alkenyl, alkylalkynylamino of up to 4 carbon atoms in each alkyl or alkynyl, N-methyl-N-methoxyamino, N-(2-methoxyethyl)-N-(2-cyanoethyl), a 5- or 6-membered nitrogenous heterocyclic ring which may contain several nitrogen atoms and optionally oxygen as ring members, R.sup.

Abstract: An improved process for the continuous polymerization of .epsilon.-caprolactam in the presence of water as initiator in a vertical downward-flow tubular reactor, in which the .epsilon.-caprolactam is partially polymerized at elevated temperature in a first, mechanically agitated reaction zone and is further polymerized in further reaction zones to the desired degree of polymerization. Poly-.epsilon.-caprolactam is discharged in the form of a melt. The polymerization is carried out at a gauge pressure of from 0.2 to 0.9 bar, constant in all reaction zones. The temperature in the first reaction zone is maintained according to the relationship t.ltoreq.265+43 p .degree.C., where p is the numerical value of the gauge pressure in bars which relationship is subject to the condition that the temperature be within the range of 260.degree. to 295.degree. C.

Abstract: Excellent liquid laundry-detergent compositions are obtained by combining (1) alkanolamine, (2) nonionic surfactant, (3) sodium carboxymethylcellulose, (4) fabric brightener(s), (5) solvent, and (6) water. The preferred compositions of the invention also usually contain optional ingredients, such as dyes and perfumes. The alkanolamines promote the action of the nonionic surfactants. Moreover, it is desirable to use some triethanolamine for its stabilizing effect. The mixture of alkanolamine and nonionic surfactants is compatible with sodium carboxymethylcellulose, an excellent agent for avoiding redeposition of soil. The compositions according to the invention have good detergent activity when used at temperatures such as 49 to 60 degrees Centigrade. They afford a liquid laundry detergent which is at least as active, pound for pound, as powder laundry detergents now in common use.

Abstract: Alkylphenol compounds are manufactured by continuous reaction of phenolic compounds with olefins in the presence of a pulverulent polystyrenesulfonic acid exchanger suspended in the reaction mixture. The products are starting materials for the manufacture of dyes, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, emulsifiers, dispersing agents, stabilizers, antioxidants, plasticizers, corrosion inhibitors, disinfectants, seed dressings, aging inhibitors, crop protection agents and scents.

Abstract: A process for achieving a uniform flow profile of very viscous liquids when flowing through tubes or reaction chambers, wherein the very viscous liquid is passed through annular spaces extending concentrically with increasing diameter over the entire cross-section of the tubes or reaction chambers and having the same depth in the direction of flow, and this procedure is repeated once or several times, the annular spaces being staggered with respect to each other as viewed in the direction of flow, and an apparatus consisting of a combination of two or more discs arranged at axial intervals within a tube transversely to the direction of flow, each disc consisting of a plurality of ring-shaped bands of increasing diameter, the bands being arranged freely of one another and concentrically at intervals on a grid supporting means to provide correspondingly concentric open spaces between the bands over the entire cross-section of the tube, with the walls of the bands running parallel to the direction of flow, and t

Abstract: Liquid thixotropic isocyanate-terminated prepolymers are prepared by the reaction of a polyarylene polyalkylene polyisocyanate or diphenylmethane diisocyanate with certain graft polyols. The resulting prepolymers are particularly useful in the preparation of polyurethane coating compositions.