Abstract: Highly branched polyether polyols of high molecular weight (such as over 12,000) are made by coupling an alkoxylated polyglycerol, by reaction of the sodium alcoholate of the oxyalkylated polyglycerol with a dibenzenesulfo or ditoluenesulfo ester of a diol containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Products obtained are viscous resinous products which are particularly suitable for use as hydrophilic water-swellable gels and other purposes.

Abstract: Acrylonitrile or monomer mixtures containing acrylonitrile are purified by treating them with alkaline reacting compounds followed by distillation. The products are particularly suitable for the manufacture of acrylonitrile polymers showing improved color stability.

Abstract: Acicular .gamma.-iron(III) oxide is manufactured by reacting an iron(II) salt solution with aqueous solutions of alkali metal hydroxides and oxidizing the resulting suspension of iron(II) hyroxides in 3 stages. In the first stage not more than 8 percent by weight of the iron(II) hydroxide originally present is oxidized over a period of 0.5 to 4 hours, in the second stage from 25 to 55 percent by weight over a period of 1.5 to 6 hours and the remainder thereof in a third stage. Following this oxidation, the goethite formed is reduced to magnetite, which is then oxidized to acicular .gamma.-iron(III) oxide.

Abstract: The application relates to a process for partial dehydration of cyclohexanone oxime by treatment with an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt, the crude cyclohexanone oxime being extracted at above its melting point countercurrently in an extraction column with a concentrated solution of ammonium or/and hydroxylammonium salt. The salt solution may be used again after concentration. This may be effected by simple evaporation.

Abstract: Gaseous and/or vaporous monomers are recovered from reaction off-gases by treating the latter with compounds which are liquid at 50.degree. C and atmospheric pressure and with which, and/or in which, the said monomers are subsequently reacted.

Abstract: Acicular gamma-iron(III) oxide is manufactured by reacting an iron(II) salt solution with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide and oxidizing the resulting suspension of iron(II) hydroxide in three stages. In a first stage, at most from 0.1 to 4% by weight of the amount of iron(II) hydroxide originally present is oxidized in the course of from 0.1 to 4 hours, in a second stage from 10 to 25% by weight of the said original amount are oxidized in the course of from 1.5 to 6 hours and in a third stage the remaining amount is oxidized. After the oxidation, the goethite formed is reduced to magnetite and the latter is then oxidized to acicular gamma-iron(III) oxide.

Abstract: Naphth-[2,1-d]-isothiazole, agents for combatting nematodes containing this active ingredient, and a method of combatting nematodes with this active ingredient.

Abstract: Composite soft and resilient foams are manufactured by injecting a foamable mixture of polyisocyanates, polyols, water or inert blowing agents and, if appropriate, auxiliaries, under pressure into a mold of which about 90 to 30% of the volume is filled with foamed, soft and resilient particles of olefin polymers of particle size from about 3 to 50 mm and bulk density from 5 to 100 g/l -- these particles being in loose form or fused or stuck together -- and allowing the reaction mixture to foam up.

Abstract: Goethite is obtained by reacting an aqueous solution of an iron (II) salt with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide and oxidizing the resulting iron(II) hydroxide. The oxidation is carried out in three stages. In the first stage, from 4 to 15% by weight are oxidized in the course of from 0.4 to 5 hours, in the second stage from 60 to 85% by weight are oxidized in the course of from 1.5 to 6 hours and in a third stage the remaining amount of iron is oxidized.

Abstract: An improved process for the continuous manufacture of polyamides by continuously conveying the aqueous solution of a salt of essentially equivalent amounts of a diamine, or of a mixture of several diamines, and of a dicarboxylic acid, or of a mixture of several dicarboxylic acids, or of mixtures of such salts with lactams and/or aminocarboxylic acids, through several reaction zones under polyamide-forming conditions, wherein the mixture of starting materials is heated, in a first reaction zone, to from 200.degree. to 300.degree. C, preferably from 220.degree. to 280.degree. C, at pressures which are above the corresponding saturation vapor pressure of water and prevent the formation of a vapor phase, the pressure action on the polycondensation mixture is released in a second reaction zone and condensation of the mixture, to form high molecular weight polyamides, is then completed in further reaction stages. According to the invention,A.

Abstract: An anode for electrochemical processes consists of an electrode base plate of a metal which can be passivated electrochemically, a protective layer deposited thereon, and a further layer, consisting of manganese dioxide. The protective layer consists of the nitride of the metal of the electrode base plate.

Abstract: 5-Cyanovaleric acid and its esters are manufactured by reacting pentenonitriles with water or alcohols and carbon monoxide in the presence of metal carbonyls and heterocyclic compounds at elevated temperature under pressure. 5-Cyanovaleric acid and its esters are starting materials for the manufacture of dyes, pesticides, fibers, especially nylon fibers, and plastics.

Abstract: Liquid and solid compositions are provided for souring and imparting softness to freshly laundered textile materials. When in the form of a stable homogeneous liquid, the composition may contain a fatty amide of the class described more fully hereinafter as a softening agent, a water soluble organic acid containing about 1-20 carbon atoms and having a primary ionization constant between 10.sup.-1 and 10.sup.-5 as the souring agent, and water. When in the form of a stable dry solid, the composition may contain the aforementioned fatty amide as a softening agent, and a dry solid water soluble organic acid containing 2-20 carbon atoms and having a primary ionization constant between 10.sup.-1 and 10.sup.-5 as the souring agent. Stable homogeneous stock solutions are prepared from the novel liquid or solid compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Amidosulfocarboxylic acids, their preparation from primary or secondary amines and chlorosulfocarboxylic acids, and their use as anticorrosive agents.

Abstract: A paper size comprising a water-soluble salt of a copolymer of from 30 to 85% by weight of olefins of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, having a terminal double bond, and/or vinyl ethers, and from 15 to 70% by weight of basic acrylic and/or methacrylic compounds, which copolymer has a molecular weight of from 600 to 4,500 and is manufactured by continuous copolymerization at from 130.degree. to 320.degree. C.

Abstract: Process for the continuous manufacture of polymeric starting materials for high-grade transparent thin sheeting, whereinA. .epsilon.-caprolactam is continuously agitated in a first reaction zone under polyamide-forming conditions at temperatures of from 240.degree. to 290.degree. C until at least 20% and preferably at least 35% of the .epsilon.-caprolactam has reacted,B. magnesium silicate having a particle size of less than 30 .mu.m is then added to the melt to give magnesium silicate concentrations in the reaction mixture of from 0.0005 to 0.5% and preferably from 0.001 to 0.01%, andC. the melt is then polymerized in further stages to completion until the relative viscosity is from 2.4 to 3.3 and preferably from 2.5 to 2.8.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of acicular gamma-iron(III) oxide which, because of its improved dispersibility in organic binders, is suitable for the manufacture of magnetic recording media exhibiting a particularly high orientation ratio. For this purpose, the non-magnetic acicular .alpha.-iron(III) oxide or goethite pigment is treated with from 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the pigment, of a compound of the formula I: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms or alkenyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms and (RX).sup.- is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic carboxylic acid of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aromatic carboxylic acid of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid and an ester of phosphoric acid and is then further processed by conventional methods to give gamma-iron(III) oxide.

Abstract: Tubeless automobile tires filled with foam, the foam used being closed-cell foamed particles of a partially crystalline olefin polymer of olefins of from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Low molecular weight poly-N-vinyl-pyrrolidone-2 is prepared by polymerizing N-vinylpyrrolidone-2 at elevated temperature in the presence of organic peroxides which carry organic radicals on either side of the peroxide group.

Abstract: The invention relates to magnetic recording media comprising a non-magnetic base and, applied thereto, a firmly adhering magnetic coating based on a finely divided magnetic pigment dispersed in a binder which contains at least 50 percent by weight of a special polyurethane elastomer.This polyurethane elastomer is a thermoplastic polyurethane which is soluble in tetrahydrofuran and free from isocyanate groups, and which has been manufactured from (A) 1 mole of one or more hydroxyl-containing polyesters and/or hydroxyl-containing polyethers of molecular weight from 600 to 4,000, (B) from 3.5 to 15 moles of a branched-chain aliphatic diol of 4 to 10 carbon atoms or a mixture of aliphatic diols of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, of which at least 50 mole percent is a branched-chain aliphatic diol of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, (C) from 0 to 1 mole, but not more than 15 mole percent of the aliphatic diols according to B, of an aliphatic polyol with from 3 to 6 OH groups and 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and (D) from 4.