Abstract: A process for selectively hydrogenating ethylenically unsaturated double bonds in polymers P involves reacting the polymers P with hydrogen in the presence of at least one hydrogenation catalyst selected from the salts and complex compounds of rhodium and/or of ruthenium in an aqueous dispersion of the polymers P that comprises not more than 20% by volume of an organic solvent. This process can be used to give hydrogenated polymer dispersions and, from these dispersions, polymers. Also claimed are aqueous polymer dispersions comprising polymers P′, which include structural units I, II and III as in claim 10, with or without structural units IV and/or V as in claim 11.

Abstract: Described is a process for preparing 1-(2-sulfoethyl)pyridinium betaine wherein pyridine is reacted with a sulfoethylating agent from the group consisting of carbyl sulfate, ethionic acid and its salt and vinylsulfonic acid and vinylsulfonate, the reaction taking place in aqueous solution or in pyridine.

Abstract: In a process for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid, the reaction gas starting mixture is passed, with an acrolein loading of ≧150 l (s.t.p.)/l.h, over a fixed-bed catalyst which is housed in two spatially successive reaction zones A, B, the reaction zone B being kept at a higher temperature than the reaction zone A.

Abstract: The invention relates to nonaqueous coatings containing a polyacrylate resin and a urea group-containing thixotropic agent and having improved surface properties. The polyacrylate resin is prepared by polymerizing (a) from 16 to 51% by weight of a hydroxyl group-containing ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or of a mixture of such monomers; (b)from 32 to 84% by weight of an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid which is different from (a) and has at least 4 carbon atoms in the alcohol radical or of a mixture of such monomers; (c) from 0 to 2% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or of a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, and (d)from 0 to 30% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which is different from (a), (b) and (c) or of a mixture of such monomers.

Abstract: A mixer system, for preparing two-component water-dilutable coating agents, includes a plurality of substantially water-free base colors and a pigment-free aqueous component. One or more of the base colors can be mixed together with a suitable amount of the aqueous component to match a preexisting coating color on a substrate to be repaired. Each of the base colors includes a pigment, an organic solvent and a first binder. The pigment-free aqueous component includes water and a second binder. The second binder is a polymer made from a mixture which includes a monomer component, an initiator, and an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane resin. Cured coatings which are prepared from compositions using the disclosed mixer system exhibit improved condensation resistance, as compared with previously known coatings.

Abstract: This application relates to reactive dyes having at least one halobenzene nucleus linked to a chromophoric group via an amino linkage and additionally containing a second reactive group.

Abstract: A method of removing, by oxidation at the anode, the acid liberated in cathodic dip-coating in the course of the deposition of the coating film, using anodes coated with a layer of tin oxide or with a mixture of tin oxide with ruthenium or iridium oxides.

Abstract: A process for preparing impact-modified styrene polymers (HIPS) omprises anionic polymerization of styrene in the presence of a rubber in one or more polymerization reactors in succession. The rubber is prepared in solution in an immediately upstream process. The heat of polymerization is utilized to remove the solvent for the rubber, this solvent having a boiling point lower than those of styrene and ethylbenzene, from at least one of the polymerization reactors via distillation with distillative cooling, and the solvent is reintroduced into the process of rubber preparation.

Abstract: In the preparation of ethylene oxide by direct oxidation of ethylene with air or oxygen using water as heat carrier to dissipate the heat of reaction, with water vapor being formed, a process for optimizing the specific energy consumption is proposed. In this, the water vapor is first expanded in one or more backpressure steam turbine(s) T for operating working machines M, before it is fed to one or more consumers, such as bottoms reboilers or steam injectors, for further utilization.

Abstract: A process for purifying creatine is described in which the creatine to be purified in the form free of water of crystallization is introduced into a saturated aqueous solution of creatine monohydrate, in which the creatine free of water of crystallization is dissolved with hydration, crystals of creatine monohydrate precipitate from the aqueous solution and these are separated off from the aqueous solution.

Abstract: Use of neutralized or partially neutralized copolymers obtainable from A) from 50 to 99% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and B) from 1 to 50% by weight of at least one comonomer chosen from the groups a) to d) or also mixtures of different monomers from groups a) to d) a) monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid esters with a saturated C8- to C30-alcohol b) N-alkyl- or N,N-dialkyl-substituted carboxamides, the alkyl radicals independently of one another being aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alkyl radicals having at least 8 to 18 carbon atoms, c) vinyl esters of aliphatic C8- to C30-carboxylic acids, d) C8- to C18-alkyl vinyl ethers, for the preparation of hair cleansers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyurethane resin obtainable by (A) in a first reaction stage (A) reacting (a) one or more di- and/or polyisocyanates, (b) one or more compounds (b) which have at least one group which ensures dispersibility in water and more than one group which is reactive toward isocyanate groups, and (c) if desired, one or more compounds having at least 2 and not more than 3 OH groups to give an intermediate (A) having free isocyanate groups and having urethane groups, (B) in a second reaction stage (B) adding (d) one or more monoisocyanates to the intermediate (A) obtained in stage (A), and (C) subsequently reacting the resulting mixture (B) with one or more hydroxyl-containing polymers (D) to give the polyurethane resin (P), using less than 20% by weight, based on the weight of the polyurethane resin (solids content), of polyalkylene oxide diols and/or polyalkylene oxide polyols to prepare the polyurethane resin.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a process, which includes: electrochemically oxidizing at least one organic compound by bringing the organic compound into contact with an anode, wherein the anode includes: an electrically conductive support; and an electrically conductive, anodically polarized layer on the support; wherein the anodically polarized layer is formed in situ upon the support by precoating; and wherein the organic compound is not phosphonomethyliminodiacetic acid. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a product, produced by the above process.

Abstract: A curved tubular flow reactor designed for carrying out chemical reactions continuously, for preparing mixtures and as a liquid-phase heat exchanger comprises a plurality of successive bends having alternating directions of curvature.

Abstract: Polymerization initiator comprising an alkaline earth metal compound chosen from the group a) of heteroleptic alkaline earth metal compounds of the formula I L—M—R  (I)  or b) of cationic alkaline earth metal complexes of the formula II [D→M—R]+X−  (II),  where M: is Ca, Sr or Ba, L: is a polymerization-inactive ligand, R: is a polymerization-active ligand, D: is a donor ligand, and X: is a non-coordinating anion, and processes for the preparation of the polymerization initiators and processes for anionic polymerization in the presence of the polymerization initiators.

Abstract: A fungicidal composition comprises an acceptable carrier and/or surface active agent and a synergistically effective amount of

Abstract: A storage catalyst includes (1) a component that has a catalytic reducing action for nitrogen oxides at least in the presence of hydrocarbons, and (2) a component that stores NOx at least at temperatures of below 100° C. The catalytically active component is of the general chemical formula AaBbO4, where A is one or more divalent metals and B is one or more trivalent metals, and where a+b≦3 and a, b>0. The reaction enthalpy or the chemical activity between the catalytically active component and the NOx-storing component is low at least up to temperatures of 600° C.

Abstract: A copolymer of the monomers of the following components A to C and, if required, D, the total amount by weight of which is 100 mol %: a: from 20 to 80 mol % of at least one ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or of an anhydride, ester and/or amide thereof as component A, b: from 1 to 79 mol % of at least one diketene of the general formula (I)  where R1 and R2 independently are each hydrogen or C1-C30-alkyl, as component B, c: from 1 to 79 mol % of at least one vinyl ester, alkyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylonitrile or mixtures thereof as component C and d: from 0 to less than 0.5 mol % or, if at least 20 mol % of component C are present, from 0 to 20 mol % of at least one further olefinically unsaturated monomer as component D, is used as a flow improver in mineral oil middle distillates.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of (meth)acrylic acid from a mixture which contains (meth)acrylic acid and a solvent having a boiling point above the boiling point of (meth)acrylic acid by distillation of the mixture in a column which is connected to an evaporator and has a stripping section and a rectifying section, between which the mixture is fed in, and a side take-off for the (meth)acrylic acid, a polymeization inhibitor is fed into the column in the region of the top of the column and in the region of the side take-off, that amount of polymerization inhibitor which is introduced in the region of the top of the column being smaller than the amount introduced in the region of the side take-off.

Abstract: The polyisocyanate ester compound is a branched material having at least two ester linkages, at least four urethane linkages further from the center of the compound compared to the ester linkages, and at least one terminal isocyanate group for each urethane linkage, which isocyanate group may be blocked. The compound can be prepared by first by reacting a polyol compound having at least two hydroxyl groups with a carboxylic acid compound having one carboxylic acid group and at least two hydroxyl groups to form a hydroxyl-functional ester product. The hydroxyl-functional ester product is then reacted with a polyisocyanate compound in which the isocyanate groups have different reactivities. The reaction with the polyisocyanate compound is carried out under conditions so that only one of the isocyanate groups is substantially reactive with the hydroxyl groups of the ester product of the first stage.