Abstract: The connecting device has yokes (5, 6) brazed to the winding rod ends (1, 2), and the end surfaces of the yokes have distance pieces (10, 11, 12, 13). The hollow conductors (4) protrude beyond the solid part conductors (3) and are led through brazing plates (14, 15) which are brazed to both the hollow conductors (4) and the distance pieces (10, 11, 12, 13). Caps (16, 17) are placed over the brazing plates (14, 15) and brazed to the brazing plates (14, 15) in such a way that there is no leakage of liquid. The brazing points can be inspected at any time and, if necessary, improved because of the distance between the brazing plates (14, 15) and the rod end surface. The water chambers (20, 21) formed by the brazing plates (14, 15) and the caps (16, 17) are solidly connected to the winding rods (1, 2) and to the yokes (5, 6), so that no relative vibrations, which can damage the hollow conductors, can occur. The water chambers (20, 21), which are expensive in manufacture, do not depend on the rod geometry.

Abstract: Method for applying a corrosion-protection layer to the base body (1) of a gas turbine blade by embedding particles (3) of SiC in a metallic matrix by means of powder, paste or electrolytic/electrophoretic methods and compacting, welding or fusing and bonding the matrix-forming material to the base body (1) by means of hot-pressing, hot isostatic pressing or laser beam, electron beam or electric arc. Protective layers are formed which do not flake off and with high silicon content which is at least partially contained in the embedded, partly modified SiC particles (6) as a reservoir for the operation.

Abstract: The voltage present at an input is chopped by a switch which is actuated by a pulse-width modulator controlled by the output voltage and is smoothed at least by a low-pass filter, consisting of an inductance and a capacitance, at the output. In order to reduce to a minimum the delay between the time an input voltage is applied and the time a rated value is at least approximately reached by the output voltage, the inductance is bypassed by a bypassing circuit which has a low inductance and which conducts if the output voltage is below a minimum voltage and in other cases is turned off. It contains, for example, a switch which is constructed as a switchable current source and which is actuated by a comparator comparing the output voltage with a reference voltage. In transformer-coupled embodiments, isolation between the output and the input is possible. The supply unit is suited, for example for supplying auxiliary devices of an instrument transformer from the current of the power-line to be monitored.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display cell including a liquid crystal layer contained between two plane-parallel support plates provided with electrode layers on their mutually inward facing surfaces as well as a border. The support plates are held apart within a predetermined separation range by means of spacers. Those spacers distributed in the border are electrically conductive and serve as contact bridges between through-contact points on the support plates. Rubber-like elastic particles, e.g. from a silicone elastomer, are used as spacers to prevent low pressure bubbles in the liquid crystal layer at temperatures of -30.degree. C. as well as to prevent loss of contact between the through-contact points. The rubber-like elastic particles, between the through-contact points are electrically conductive.

Abstract: A preseparator for use in a saturated-steam turbine installation comprising an outer pipe, a first internal pipe positioned within the outer pipe and which includes a constriction, an annular gap of isokinetic size between the beginning of the internal pipe and the outer pipe, a second internal pipe positioned between the first internal pipe and the outer pipe so as to define chambers, and ports communicated with the chambers.

Abstract: The bearing sliding surface of the sliding journal bearing is composed of two surface parts of two circular cylinders whose axes are located at a distance apart. A diametral plane defined by the two axes of these circular cylinders includes, together with a horizontal plane through the bearing axis, an angle of approximately 35.degree.. At least one oil supply hole enters into each bearing bore underneath and above the horizontal plane and is displaced in the rotational direction of the shaft by approximately the same angle relative to the horizontal plane. A throttle can be provided in a pipe upstream of the upper oil supply hole.

Abstract: In this context, a frequency converter generates a multiphase alternating current of variable frequency which current feeds an alternating-current machine via alternating-current lines into which for each alternating current phase line one commutating choke is integrated for limiting the change of current with respect to time di/dt. Since the efficiency of a synchronous motor is best when fed with a sinusoidal alternating current, a frequency-variable filter is provided as a bypass circuit to the synchronous motor which makes the alternating current sinusoidal within a predeterminable frequency range. The frequency of the alternating current is measured with a frequency meter and monitored for exceeding a limit in a frequency limit detector. The filter can be tuned step-by-step by means of switching signals to different frequencies by changing the inductance or capacitance of series-tuned circuits step-by-step. Undesirable harmonic frequencies can thus be attenuated with-in a relatively large frequency range.

Abstract: In this three-phase filter circuit system for static converter systems and particularly high-voltage direct-current short ties, at least two high-pass filters are provided which are connected in parallel. Each high-pass filter consists of a choke connected in parallel with a resistance and, in series with both, a capacitor and can be individually connected to the three-phase busbar via a switch. The filter circuits are used not only for reducing harmonics but also as compensating devices, which can be switched in steps, for the reactive power requirement of the static converters so that in the lower partial load range of the system one of the filter circuits is disconnected for reasons of reactive power balance. In order to improve the filtering effect in this lower partial load range, a bus-coupler switch connecting in each case the common junctions of capacitor, resistance and choke of the high-pass filters is closed.

Abstract: A bipolar plate for an apparatus having a stacked configuration, said apparatus comprised of a plurality of electrochemical cells and employing a solid electrolyte, said bipolar plate comprised of a porous titanium plate (1) having a parallel groove structure (3), said bipolar plate further comprised of a non-porous, solid titanium plate (2) strongly welded to plate (1) at contact loci (4), wherewith channels (5) are present, and said bipolar plate further comprised of a surface layer or coating (6) comprised of a material which is a catalyst for electrolytic reactions. A method of manufacturing the subject bipolar plate, comprising the following: Powder metallurgical manufacture of the porous titanium plate (1), and bonding of plate (1) to the solid titanium plate (2) by sintering.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting a fault and also the direction of a fault in electric lines, wherein voltage (Su) and current step signals (Si) corresponding to the transient components in the line voltage and line current are derived; the instantaneous values of these step signals (Su, Si) define, in a co-ordinate system formed by the step signals (Su, Si) themselves, a point which passes through a line of motion (B) after the occurrence of a fault; and if the point transgresses a triggering boundary (AI, AII, AIII, AIV) in the co-ordinate system the fault is detected. In this event the direction of the fault is found from the quadrant (QI, QII, QIII, QIV) in which the transgression takes place.

Abstract: An air storage gas turbine which, in the thermal part, comprises: a high pressure turbine with air inlet; a low pressure turbine with a rotor which requires cooling and a vane carrier; one high pressure balance piston and one low pressure balance piston located on a common shaft for the high pressure turbine and the low pressure turbine, respectively; and an impulse turbine being connected between the air inlet of the high pressure turbine and the consumers of low pressure auxiliary air.

Abstract: A process for continuous regeneration of an exhaust-gas filter of an internal combustion engine having a supercharger unit is described. Operating parameters of the engine are compared to pre-set values in a control device to adjust the position of a throttle flap valve preceding the supercharger unit in order to maintain a high temperature on the exhaust-gas filter.

Abstract: In a cooling body (1) which has, in the semiconductor supporting surfaces illustrated, cooling slits (3) which are connected via two connecting channels (4) to a collecting channel (7) for the supply of a cooling liquid, for example oil, cooling elements (9) are provided at the edge to improve the cooling effect. These cooling elements can be designed as cooling ribs, cooling fingers or cooling needles. The cooling liquid flows out of the cooling slits (3) at an angle (.alpha.) of preferably 60.degree. to 70.degree., so that it flows over a relatively long distance along the outer edge of the cooling body (1) and between the cooling elements (9) of the latter and thereby dissipates heat from the cooling body and from the cooling elements. The cooling slits can extend radially, widening outwards, or in serpentine or involute form or spirally and can have a rectangular or triangular or semi-circular or trapezoidal cross-section.

Abstract: The shape of the furnace hearth (20) in the area of the bottom electrode (6) is defined within limits given by exponential functions, with minimum and maximum values being given for the ratio of the cross section (A.sub.L) of the melting bath (13) to the cross section (A) of the bottom electrode (6) in its melting bath contact surface (6', 7'). The electrode is designed in the shape of a truncated cone, with the cone surface enclosing an angle of at least 20.degree. with the melting bath contact surface. The trumpet-shaped or conical widening of the furnace hearth surface (20) in the area of the bottom electrode makes possible a continuous transition of the current and of the electromagnetic field in this area, by which means the bath movement near to the melting bath contact surface (6', 7') of the bottom electrode (6) is also reduced.

Abstract: In a board holding device for a board (1) provided with a circuit, in which the board (1) is inserted in the groove (3, 3') of an elongate frame part (2, 2'), the mechanical and electrical connection between the board (1) and the frame part (2, 2') is produced by a solder connection which is carried out by means of solder ducts (4, 4') filled with a solder. The board holding device can be supplemented in a simple manner by cover plates to give a complete screening or resonance casing which has good electrical and mechanical properties. The holding device is very suitable for automated manufacture.

Abstract: An addressing method for a multiplexable, bistable liquid crystal display wherein a first driving voltage which is larger than a first limiting voltage is applied to the selected display elements and a second driving voltage which is smaller than a second limiting voltage is applied to the non-selected display elements. For the first driving voltage only a first optical state is stable, and for the second driving voltage only a second optical state is stable. All the display elements are simultaneously switched on the display by means of a single writing voltage pulse. By this means a high-contrast, constant and immediate display is achieved over the entire active area. Row-at-a-time writing is also possible. Moreover, a liquid crystal display is introduced which is based upon the bistability effect and which employs a guest-host liquid crystal containing a chiral additive. The layer thickness of the liquid crystal is less than 10 .mu.

Abstract: In order to prevent expensive subsequent damage because of a shaft fracture in machines which are coupled together, one of the two shaft ends is provided outside of one coupling flange with a predetermined breaking point. At one coupling flange a safety element is mounted which extends past the axial length of the predetermined breaking point. The safety element can be constructed as a pin rotatably mounted inside the shaft end or as a safety ring mounted around the shaft end to hold a fractured shaft in the predetermined position until standstill without it being possible for the shaft to be deflected.

Abstract: The process steps for sealing a leak in rolled tube/tubeplate joints in heat exchange units comprise removing a portion of the tube end (2) and of the tube-plate (1) by a milling cut (6) and joining the surfaces thus formed by a weld seam (7) of preferably lens-shaped cross-section.

Abstract: A collector for electric machines, including a rotationally symmetrical sintered ceramic body and a plurality of radially disposed metallic segments which are separated from each other by one interspace each and which are bonded to the ceramic body via a eutectic intermediate layer. The segments are bonded to the ceramic body in accordance with the eutectic method by being surface-oxidized on their inside narrow side and radially pressed against the ceramic body with the totality being brought to the melting temperature corresponding to the metal/metal-oxide eutectic and subsequently being cooled down again. A preferred embodiment includes: copper segments on an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ceramic body.

Abstract: To counteract the danger of the penetration of coolant in the use of a liquid-cooled device for cooling of vessel walls (27) for arc furnaces (1) and the serious consequences resulting therefrom, a pressure is created in the coolant in the thermally highly burdened cooling elements (36) which is lower than that of the ambient atmospheric pressure.