Abstract: Systems and methods disclosed herein relate to the detection of irregular particles in a blood flow based on a determined relative speed of a particle suspended in a blood flow and/or other properties of a particle suspended in a blood flow including a particle's relative position within a blood vessel and a particles tendency to cluster with other particles suspended in a blood flow. Based on a determined relative speed and/or other relevant factors, the properties of irregular particles may also be measured, including the size, shape, and frequency of irregular particles in a blood flow. Machine learning techniques may be employed to determine patterns for the behavior of irregular particles suspended in a blood flow. These patterns may correspond to particular health risks and conditions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for altering the geometry of a fluid channel to prevent upstream mobility of bacteria, using angled obstacles on the interior of the channel that among other things creates vortices that restrict the mobility. An optimized geometry can be realized by an artificial intelligence algorithm or similar methods based on performance of various configurations of obstacle parameters.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions and methods for signaling and antigen-presenting bifunctional receptors (SABRs) comprising one or more antigen presenting domains; and one or more signal transduction domains, wherein the one or more antigen presenting domains comprise a binding fragment of a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule. Various immunological functions of the SABRs are also described.

Abstract: Embodiments provided herein relate to systems for synthetically-engineered reciprocal chromosomal translocation for gene insertion into a population of organisms such as insects.

Abstract: A method for etching a surface including obtaining a substrate comprising a material; reacting a surface of a substrate with a reactant, comprising a gas or a plasma, to form a reactive layer on the substrate, the reactive layer comprising a chemical compound including the reactant and the material; and wet etching or dissolving the reactive layer with a liquid wet etchant of solvent that selectively etches or dissolves the reactive layer but not the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of making core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles, and to electrodes comprising the same. The core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles and electrodes comprising them are suitable for use in electrochemical cells, such as fluoride shuttle batteries. The shell may protect the metal core from oxidation, including in an electrochemical cell. In some embodiments, an electrochemically active structure includes a dimensionally changeable active material forming a particle that expands or contracts upon reaction with or release of fluoride ions. One or more particles are at least partially surrounded with a fluoride-conducting encapsulant and optionally one or more voids are formed between the active material and the encapsulant using sacrificial layers or selective etching. The fluoride-conducting encapsulant may comprise one or more metals.

Abstract: Methods and devices to build and use multi-functional scattering structures. The disclosed methods and devices account for multiple target functions and can be implemented using fabrication methods based on two-photon polymerization or multi-layer lithography. Exemplary devices functioning as wave splitters are also described. Results confirming the performance and benefits of the disclosed teachings are also described.

Abstract: Hybrid gas vesicle gene cluster (GVGC) configured for expression in a prokaryotic host are described comprising gas vesicle assembly (GVA) genes native to a GVA prokaryotic species and capable of being expressed in a functional form in the prokaryotic host, and one or more gas vesicle structural (GVS) genes native to one or more GVS prokaryotic species, at least one of the one or more GVS prokaryotic species different from the GVA prokaryotic species, and related gas vesicle reporting (GVR) genetic circuits, genetic, vectors, engineered cells, and related compositions methods and systems to produce GVs, hybrid GVGC and/or image a target site.

Abstract: A method to perform vision based navigation on a moving vehicle. An image processor receives reference images with associated depth information as base frames or search frames. 2D features are detected in base frames and tracked in subsequent search frames. A new base frame is triggered when a number of features or a spatial distribution fall under thresholds. A depth processor reconstructs the depth and 3D position of each of the 2D features. A track manager manages a feature list database mapping the 2D coordinates of each tracked 2D feature with the 3D coordinate of that feature. A state manager constructs a filter state vector with 15 error states propagated at an IMU rate and 6 additional error states corresponding to clones of pose states. A visual updater utilizes the tracked 2D feature coordinates to update the filter state vector. A filter forms residuals and corrects inertial error drift.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring characteristics of an electric energy device includes generating an external short from the electric energy device. The external short occurs at a known distance from a sensor and has at least one known external resistance. The received signal representing change in electromagnetic field due to the applied external short may be analyzed to determine a signal parameter that is then analyzed in comparison to a lookup table, based on the known conditions including distance, temperature and the external resistance. The output of this analyses in comparison with expected values may be utilized to identify a characteristic of the energy device.

Abstract: The present invention infers the first-motion polarities using the relative polarities measured from cross-correlations. We demonstrate two real-world applications on two DAS arrays in the manuscript to illustrate the effectiveness of our method and improvements to the focal mechanism inversion.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions having an eight-membered monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon, methods and system to separate the eight-membered monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon from a hydrocarbon mixture including additional nonlinear unsaturated C8H2m hydrocarbons with 4?m?8, by contacting the hydrocarbon mixture with a 10-ring pore molecular sieve having a sieving channel with a 10-ring sieving aperture with a minimum crystallographic free diameter greater than 3 ? and a ratio of the maximum crystallographic free diameter to the minimum crystallographic free diameter between 1 and 2, the molecular sieve having a T1/T2 ratio ?20:1 wherein T1 is an element independently selected from Si and Ge, and T2 is an element independently selected from Al, B and Ga, the 10-ring pore molecular sieve further having a counterion selected from NH4+, Li+, Na+, K+ and Ca++.

Abstract: Computational refocusing-assisted deep learning methods, apparatus, and systems are described. In certain pathology examples, a representative image is generated using a machine learning model trained with uniformly focused training images generated by a Fourier ptychographic digital refocusing procedure and abnormalities are automatedly identified and/or enumerated based on the representative image.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transducing and storing qubit signals are provided. The system includes a voltage source, a substrate, and a membrane suspended over the substrate. A phononic crystal oscillator is disposed in a first region of the membrane. The phononic crystal oscillator includes a capacitor having a moving electrode including an array of multiple phononic crystal unit cells. The moving electrode is connected to the voltage source. A superconducting circuit disposed in a second region of the membrane. A plurality of phonon shields and an optical resonator may also be disposed on the membrane.

Abstract: A waveguide based variable attenuator device including one or more attenuators each including a porous dielectric material; and a metal coating on the top of the dielectric material; and an actuator coupled to the attenuator. The actuator is configured to position, with nanometer resolution, the one or more attenuators in a waveguide configured and dimensioned to guide an electromagnetic wave having a frequency in a range of 100 gigahertz (GHz) to 1 terahertz (THz). The actuator controls at least one of a position or a volume of the one attenuator inserted in the waveguide to achieve a variable or pre-determined attenuation of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through waveguide.

Abstract: Increasing the power conversion efficiency of silicon (Si) photovoltaics is a key enabler for continued reductions in the cost of solar electricity. Disclosed herein is a multi-junction photovoltaic cell that does not utilize a conventional interconnection layer and instead places a wide bandgap oxide conductor, for example, a metal oxide such as TiO2, between a top light absorption layer having a relatively large bandgap and a bottom light absorption layer having a relatively small bandgap. The advantageous omission of a conventional interconnection layer between the two subcells is enabled by low contact resistivity between the top and bottom light absorbing layers provided by the wide bandgap oxide conductor. The absence of the conventional interconnect between the subcells significantly reduces both optical losses and processing steps. The disclosed photovoltaic cell may thus enable low-cost, high-efficiency multi-junction devices through less complex manufacturing processes and lower material costs.

Abstract: Systems and methods for multifunctional catalyst systems supported on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for olefin oligomerization are described. The catalyst systems can directly convert CO2 to jet-range (C12-C18) hydrocarbons. This conversion can be achieved by a cooperative, tandem catalyst system supported on CNTs converting CO2 to olefins (C2-C9) with the catalyst systems followed by oligomerization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating immune disorders and/or inflammation using certain modulator compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of treating an immune and inflammatory disorders disorder by administering a composition comprising a therapeutically effective dosage of an ascaroside compound, or a mixture of ascaroside compounds, or a mixture containing at least one ascaroside.

Abstract: A device including a stack of silicon meta-optical layers forming a meta-material comprising an input surface for receiving terahertz electromagnetic radiation, an output surface for outputting a plurality of beams of the electromagnetic radiation; and a spatially varying permittivity varying with sub-wavelength precision across a volume of the stack, wherein the spatially varying permittivity is configured to focus different spectral bands of the electromagnetic radiation into different spatially separated electromagnetic modes.

Abstract: Systems and methods for activating mechanochemical reactions remotely using biocompatible ultrasound in the presence of gas-filled structures are described. The collapse of gas-filled structures is achieved using biocompatible ultrasound. In turn, collapse of the gas-filled structures can mechanochemically activate mechanophore-functionalized polymers in solution. Mechanochemical activation of mechanophore-functionalized polymers under physiological conditions can trigger the release and/or delivery of a variety of cargos with the spatial and temporal precision and deep tissue penetration afforded by focused ultrasound.